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PubMed2001

Incidence of sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant agents: a prospective multicenter study of 1022 outpatients. Spanish Working Group for the Study of Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction.

BACKGROUND: Antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), venlafaxine, and clomipramine, are frequently associated with sexual dysfunction. Other antidepressants (nefazodone, mirtazapine, bupropion, amineptine, and moclobemide) with different mechanisms of action seem to have fewer sexual side effects. The incidence of sexual dysfunction is underestimated, and the use of a specific questionnaire is needed. METHOD: The authors analyzed the incidence of antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction in a multicenter, prospective, open-label study carried out by the Spanish Working Group for the Study of Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction. The group collected data from April 1995 to February 2000 on patients with previously normal sexual function who were being treated with antidepressants alone or antidepressants plus benzodiazepines. One thousand twenty-two outpatients (610 women, 412 men; mean age = 39.8 +/- 11.3 years) were interviewed using the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire, which includes questions about libido, orgasm, ejaculation, erectile function, and general sexual satisfaction. RESULTS: The overall incidence of sexual dysfunction was 59.1% (604/1022) when all antidepressants were considered as a whole. There were relevant differences when the incidence of any type of sexual dysfunction was compared among different drugs: fluoxetine, 57.7% (161/279); sertraline, 62.9% (100/159); fluvoxamine, 62.3% (48/77); paroxetine, 70.7% (147/208); citalopram, 72.7% (48/66); venlafaxine, 67.3% (37/55); mirtazapine, 24.4% (12/49); nefazodone, 8% (4/50); amineptine, 6.9% (2/29); and moclobemide, 3.9% (1/26). Men had a higher frequency of sexual dysfunction (62.4%) than women (56.9%), although women had higher severity. About 40% of patients showed low tolerance of their sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSION: The incidence of sexual dysfunction with SSRIs and venlafaxine is high, ranging from 58% to 73%, as compared with serotonin-2 (5-HT2) blockers (nefazodone and mirtazapine), moclobemide, and amineptine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of acute administration of antidepressive agents at 2 P.M. on plasma and pineal levels of melatonin in the rat].

The authors measured the effect of different antidepressant drugs on the pineal production of melatonin in order to see if this test can be used in an antidepressants screening protocol. Six antidepressant drugs belonging to different pharmacologic classes have been tested. The results show that all the molecules used enhance the plasmatic and pineal concentration of melatonin. However the selectivity of this test must be reinforced by using classical methods for the detection of an antidepressant effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Involvement of the serotonergic system in the mode of action of the new potential antidepressant agent 5-methoxyindolyl-2-methylamine.

5-Methoxyindolyl-2-methylamine (PIM-35) is an indole derivative with effects in animals indicative of antidepressant properties. In the present study an attempt was made to gain some insight into the mechanism of its pharmacological activity. PIM-35 was compared with some antidepressants in tests for serotonin (5HT), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) uptake inhibition in vitro. PIM-35 is a weak inhibitor of noradrenaline uptake as compared with the standards used. The IC50 value for dopamine uptake was similar to the value for imipramine and higher than that for amitriptyline, both these standards being considered as inhibitors of dopamine uptake. The influence of PIM-35 on serotonin uptake has been studied in a very preliminary experiment after single dose administration to rats. In a similar way paroxetine and chlorimipramine were studied. The inhibition produced by PIM-35 is similar to that produced by the standards. Radioligand binding techniques in rat brain ex vivo showed that chronic administration of PIM-35 produced no variation in the number or the affinity of alpha 2, beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors. PIM-35 inhibits by 40% the number of 5HT2 receptors and does not modify the affinity for the ligand. PIM-35 has activity on the serotonergic system and in this way is similar to the antidepressants paroxetine and chlorimipramine.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

3-Arylquinolizidines, potential antidepressant agents.

The synthesis, structure elucidation, and pharmacological evaluation of some 3-arylquinolizidines as semirigid phenethylamines are described. Many of the derivatives posses antidepressant activity. Some anticonvulsant effects are noted.

Acoustic Stimulation↗