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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Storage and utilization of images in otorhinolaryngology.

The amount of data in the field of otorhinolaryngology has rapidly increased, in proportion to the growing number of patients. Medical imaging has especially expanded and the percentage of image data in all information is also large. Because the space to preserve image films is increasing, it is very important to preserve them and make them easily available. Therefore, we have established a graphic filling system for storing endoscopic and radiographic images on VHS video tape and magnet-optical disk (MOD), using a personal computer. The MOD filing system is useful for storing a large amount of medical records. The user can simultaneously see the text data and the picture image on a display, and thus this system can be utilized as a database for both decision making and medical research.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed2000

[Past, present and future of optical cards for medical use].

In the hospital, the chart is an important medical information record. However, it is not easy to refer to chart records. Although a computer is useful in referring to the chart, the most critical defect is the lack of exchangeability between hospitals. An optical card is a new medium for medical use. It has a large capacity for electronic storage, low price and high security. Therefore, the author considers this card a second medical chart. As another card, there is the IC card, which has some limitations in medical use. Although both systems are being examined experimentally, there is no actual practice in the medical field. The reason for this lack of wide use, it is thought that these systems are not yet supported by national health insurance.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1990

Computed tomography in the assessment of protective helmet deformation.

Damage to a helmet worn by a motorcyclist or pedal cyclist involved in a crash can provide information of importance to those investigating impact responses of the helmeted head. In the past the retrieval of this information has been incomplete as it has involved the destructive dismantling of a helmet into its component layers. Conventional radiology, whilst being noninvasive, has the disadvantage that all structures traversed by the X-ray beam are superimposed in the final image. In an attempt to overcome the limitations of existing methods, computed tomography (CT) was evaluated in a study of 25 protective helmets. This was found to be an informative, noninvasive technique of investigation that provided faithful images of each helmet layer and delineated helmet damage that was not observed with other methods. Additional advantages of CT include the ease of computed data storage, the ability to reformat CT data into a variety of planes as either two- or three- dimensional images, and the facility to measure distance and density. Limiting factors include scanning cost and artefacts produced by metal in the helmet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Use of a small computer with magnetic memory.

Simple programming has permitted the use of the program memory of a Hewlett-Packard minicomputer (150 X 80 X 40 mm--300 g) as support of selected information from anesthetist's patient record. Magnetic cards (71 X 11 X 0.2 mm) are used to store patient data. To limit manipulation of magnetic archives, storage is restricted to one card per patient corresponding approximately to one half kilobit. Speed and simplicity of the system frees the anesthetist from external help. Extreme flexibility makes it particularly suitable for preliminary studies and extraordinary low cost permits many trials and errors making an excellent training device of it.

Belgium↗
PubMed1981

Electronic processing of medical visual information.

The potential data base for electronic processing has recently been enlarged significantly to include static and dynamic visual information. Emergence of the videodisk and other technology now enables computer-assisted instruction to be audiovisual and audiovisual communication to be interactive. One consequence, now that audiovisual display has been wedded to computer systems, is that computer-assisted instruction (CAI) in many medical subjects should no longer be considered acceptable unless it includes pictorial data. Therefore, the computer scientist must now master the principles and become knowledgeable in the skills of audiovisual communication to cope successfully with the impending revolution in education and to make good use of the newly available technology. Similarly, in planning storage and retrieval systems, images must be considered as part of the data. This presentation traces the development of interactive multimedial self-instruction by describing the innovative functions that have appeared in equipment during the past 13 years culminating in the QuadraSync. The low cost of some of these devices encourages their adoption.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1995

Vitreous observation using a CCD camera and a computerized unit for image processing and storage.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate a new technique of vitreous observation. METHODS: The authors used commercially available devices, including a slit-lamp, monochromatic charge coupled device (CCD) camera, and a computerized unit for image processing and storage, to observe the vitreous and the vitreoretinal relationship. RESULTS: The authors obtained good images of the vitreous and the vitreoretinal relationship using the new technique. Furthermore, the image stored in the computer could be accessed and used for patient explanations instantly. CONCLUSION: This technique is useful for documenting the vitreous and can help determine the role of the vitreous in many vitreoretinal disorders.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scanning scene tunnel for city traversing.

This paper proposes a visual representation named scene tunnel for capturing urban scenes along routes and visualizing them on the Internet. We scan scenes with multiple cameras or a fish-eye camera on a moving vehicle, which generates a real scene archive along streets that is more complete than previously proposed route panoramas. Using a translating spherical eye, properly set planes of scanning, and unique parallel-central projection, we explore the image acquisition of the scene tunnel from camera selection and alignment, slit calculation, scene scanning, to image integration. The scene tunnels cover high buildings, ground, and various viewing directions and have uniformed resolutions along the street. The sequentially organized scene tunnel benefits texture mapping onto the urban models. We analyze the shape characteristics in the scene tunnels for designing visualization algorithms. After combining this with a global panorama and forward image caps, the capped scene tunnels can provide continuous views directly for virtual or real navigation in a city. We render scene tunnel dynamically by view warping, fast transmission, and flexible interaction. The compact and continuous scene tunnel facilitates model construction, data streaming, and seamless route traversing on the Internet and mobile devices.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

The Department of Veterans Affairs Optical Patient Card Workstation.

The Department of Veterans Affairs has developed an optical patient card application which will undergo alpha testing in 1991. The optical cards are carried by patients and contain administrative, clinical, and image information. An optical patient card workstation (OPCW) will read/write these cards and pass this information to the VA Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP), the VA's health care information system. The intent of this work is to study the potential benefits of this technology to the VA's distributed health care network, with a large mobile patient population. It is hoped that the use of optical cards and the OPCW will enhance clinicians ability to work with a timely composite health record, and expedite the administrative workload of the medical center.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2005

Validation of MTF measurement for digital mammography quality control.

The modulation transfer function (MTF) describes the spatial resolution properties of imaging systems. In this work, the accuracy of our implementation of the edge method for calculating the presampled MTF was examined. Synthetic edge images with known MTF were used as gold standards for determining the robustness of the edge method. These images simulated realistic data from clinical digital mammography systems, and contained intrinsic system factors that could affect the MTF accuracy, such as noise, scatter, and flat-field nonuniformities. Our algorithm is not influenced by detector dose variations for MTF accuracy up to 1/2 the sampling frequency. We investigated several methods for noise reduction, including truncating the supersampled line spread function (LSF), windowing the LSF, applying a local exponential fit to the LSF, and applying a monotonic constraint to the supersampled edge spread function. Only the monotonic constraint did not introduce a systematic error; the other methods could result in MTF underestimation. Overall, our edge method consistently computed MTFs which were in good agreement with the true MTF. The edge method was then applied to images from a commercial storage-phosphor based digital mammography system. The calculated MTF was affected by the size (sides of 2.5, 5, or 10 cm) and the composition (lead or tungsten) of the edge device. However, the effects on the MTF were observed only with regard to the low frequency drop (LFD). Scatter nonuniformity was dependent on edge size, and could lead to slight underestimation of LFD. Nevertheless, this negative effect could be minimized by using an edge of 5 cm or larger. An edge composed of lead is susceptible to L-fluorescence, which causes overestimation of the LFD. The results of this work are intended to underline the need for clear guidelines if the MTF is to be given a more crucial role in acceptance tests and routine assessment of digital mammography systems: the MTF algorithm and edge object test tool need to be publicly validated.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

Computer-generated graphical presentations: use of multimedia to enhance communication.

Personal computers may be used to create, store, and deliver graphical presentations. With computer-generated combinations of the five media (text, images, sound, video, and animation)--that is, multimedia presentations--the effectiveness of message delivery can be greatly increased. The basic tools are (1) a personal computer; (2) presentation software; and (3) a projector to enlarge the monitor images for audience viewing. Use of this new method has grown rapidly in the business-conference world, but has yet to gain widespread acceptance at medical meetings. We review herein the rationale for multimedia presentations in medicine (vis-à-vis traditional slide shows) as an improved means for increasing audience attention, comprehension, and retention. The evolution of multimedia is traced from earliest times to the present. The steps involved in making a multimedia presentation are summarized, emphasizing advances in technology that bring the new method within practical reach of busy physicians. Specific attention is given to software, digital image processing, storage devices, and delivery methods. Our development of a urology multimedia presentation--delivered May 4, 1996, before the Society for Urology and Engineering and now Internet-accessible at http://www.usrf.org--was the impetus for this work.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment and approval of medical devices used in diagnostic imaging in the United States.

Development of new and improved medical imaging technology has been increasing rapidly over the past two decades. While media attention has focused on the revolutionary advances, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and metabolic assessment by positron emission tomography, important progress has also been made in the more conventional modalities, including contrast radiography, ultrasound, scintigraphy and mammography. These evolutionary developments have produced fundamental changes in the character of imaging information and in the methods of its acquisition, storage, manipulation, analysis and display. The assessment process-vis-à-vis safety, effectiveness, efficacy or cost-has moved from a previously well-defined physical and engineering evaluation to one of assessing quality, relevance and appropriateness of the "information." A regulatory scheme has evolved in the U.S., whereby the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for assuring that new medical devices be approved for commercial distribution only if their safety and effectiveness can be assured. Clear distinctions should be drawn between the FDA "approval" process, assessment of clinical efficacy, and planning for health care delivery.

Certificate of Need↗