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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of prolonged ultrasonic instrumentation on the retention of cemented cast crowns.

Occasionally the need arises to remove restorations that have been cemented. Several ultrasonic tips have been developed to aid in removing cemented restorations. Earlier studies of the effects of ultrasonic vibration reveal detrimental effects on amalgam surface and marginal integrity and, at short instrumentation periods (2.5 minutes) in vitro, no significant effect on the retention of cemented cast crowns. Twenty identically machined metal dies had nonprecious crowns waxed, cast, and fitted. Each casting was cemented twice with glass ionomer and zinc phosphate cement. Each cement was tested for the effects of vibration on retention. The cements were mixed according to manufacturer's specifications, placed under 5 kg load, then placed in 37 degrees C water and contained in a humidor. Retention was tested with a 4202 Instron machine to determine the forces needed to overcome retention. Retention ranged from a high of 125.36 kg for glass ionomer without vibration to a low of 19.11 kg for zinc phosphate vibrated for 12 minutes. The use of vibration is considered an advantageous adjunct to other cast restoration removal devices.

Cementation↗
PubMed2004

The use of hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance of anestrous beef cattle in tropical climates.

Most of the world's bovine herd is found in tropical regions. Bos indicus predominates, due to their adaptation to the climate and management conditions. Anestrous is the main factor that negatively affects reproductive performance of animals bred in these regions of the globe. Several factors affect postpartum anestrous, including suckling and maternal-offspring bond, and pre- and postpartum nutritional status. The short duration of estrus and the tendency to show estrus during the night, greatly affect the efficiency of artificial insemination (AI) programs in B. indicus cattle managed in tropical areas. Several restricted suckling or weaning procedures (temporary or permanent), and hormonal treatments have been used to induce ovulation and cyclicity in postpartum cows. Most hormonal treatments are based on progesterone/progestogen (P4) releasing devices associated with estradiol benzoate (EB), or a combination of GnRH/PGF(2alpha)/GnRH (Ovsynch). Treatments with GnRH/PGF(2alpha)/GnRH has presented inconsistent results, probably due to the variable number of cows in anestrous. Treatments using P4 devices and EB have resulted in apparently more consistent results than Ovsynch programs in B. indicus cattle; however, pregnancy rates are low in herds presenting high anestrous rates and moderate to low body condition. The addition of an eCG treatment at the time of device removal, which increased plasma progesterone concentrations and pregnancy rates in anestrous postpartum suckled B. indicus cows, may be useful to improve reproductive performance of beef cattle in tropical climates.

Anestrus↗
PubMed2007

Environmental release and mass flux partitioning of PCDD/Fs during normal and transient operation of full scale waste to energy plants.

The paper reports on global release and mass partitioning in the flux of residues of PCDD/Fs, evaluated with dedicated field campaigns at a municipal solid waste incineration plant during normal and transient operation. Results are compared with those obtained in other installations equipped with furnaces, energy recovery options and flue gas treatment technologies representative of most of the European incineration plants currently in operation. Levels of the pollutants of interest were determined in all the solid, liquid and gaseous residues produced by every single facility, and the results analysed in terms of the effects arising from the fed waste and the configuration of the plant. PCDD/Fs total release between 1.5 and 45 microg I-TEQ per ton of burned waste was evaluated, with lower values resulting from the adoption of catalytic conversion process for flue gas treatment. Most of the mass flux emitted is associated with solid residues deriving from activated carbon PCCD/F dry removal options, with significant contributions also from fly ash produced by particulate removal devices located immediately downstream the boiler and from scrubber blowdowns treatment sludge. During transient operating conditions the dioxin total release may increase by 50% with comparison to steady-state functioning.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2006

A rare complication of atrial septal occluders: diagnosis by transthoracic echocardiography.

Atrial septal defect transcatheter occlusion techniques have become a reliable alternative to surgical procedures. Possible complications can derive from unfavorable anatomy of the defect and over-dimensioning of the device. We describe the first case ever reported of anterior mitral leaflet perforation caused by an atrial septal occluder. The diagnosis was performed by conventional echocardiography and 3 dimensions helped for a more accurate anatomic definition. Device removal, atrial septal defect closure, and repair of the mitral tear were then successfully performed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Transverse maxillary distraction with a bone-anchored appliance: dento-periodontal effects and clinical and radiological results.

In 29 adult patients presenting with maxillary deficiency, a bone-anchored palatal distractor (Surgi-Tec NV, Brugge, Belgium) was applied after osteotomy of the anterolateral walls of the maxillary sinuses, midpalatal suture, and, eventually, separation of the pterygomaxillary sutures. Expansion proceeded at a rate of 0.33-0.66 mm per day and the device was retained for 4-6 months for consolidation. Active orthodontic therapy was started after 8-10 weeks. The increment of arch width and the perimeter were evaluated using dental casts. Tooth thermal sensitivity and the periodontal side effects of treatment were monitored clinically after distraction, at device removal, and after 1 year. Bone healing was also investigated during the procedure using conventional radiological techniques. This experience confirms that transverse maxillary distraction is an effective technique in adult patients, leading to the formation of new bone. There were no noticeable intraoperative complications, but postsurgical periodontal side effects were documented. The procedure offers advantages over traditional teeth-borne appliances in terms of rapidity of treatment and the absence of mechanical forces acting on the teeth. Further evaluation is required to assess the long-term stability and periodontal consequences of this technique.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Exposure to extrinsic risk factors in prevalence surveys of hospital-acquired infections: a methodological approach.

The difficulties encountered in studying the presence of extrinsic risk factors in the framework of prevalence surveys of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) have led to the use of a variety of methodological approaches. This study examined the effect of retrospective approaches for obtaining data regarding exposure to extrinsic risk factors. The EPINE database for 1990 was used and a simulation model was created. All the evaluated approaches differed in their impact upon the association between risk factors and infections. Prevalence of exposure on the day of the survey, prevalence of exposure at any time before the survey was conducted, and total prevalence were found to be significantly associated with the probability of exposure and duration of exposure. For exposure periods of less than four days, the prevalence of exposure during the week prior to the survey was higher than that encountered on the day of the survey. In studying exposure to risk factors retrospectively, no evidence-based justification could be found to determine how many days prior to the day of actual exposure should be included in the study. However, the site of infection determined the proportion of devices removed due to HAI, and this proportion was not very high in this study. Limiting data to recording the presence of the risk factor on the day of the survey, without investigating past exposures, can provide an adequate estimate of the burden of extrinsic risk factors in one-day, point-prevalence surveys.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Degenerative changes following spinal fixation in a small animal model.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate changes of the lumbar vertebral column following fixation. DESIGN: Using an established small animal (rat) model of spinal fixation (hypomobility), 3 contiguous lumbar segments (L4, L5, L6) were fixed with a specially engineered vertebral fixation device. Spinal segments of control rats were compared with those of animals with 1, 4, or 8 weeks of fixation. Subgroups of these fixation animals subsequently had the fixation device removed for 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks to evaluate the effects of attempting to reestablish normal forces to the vertebral segments following hypomobility. SETTING: This Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved study was conducted in a university animal facility. ANIMALS: Eighty-seven animals (23 controls animals and 64 fixation animals) were used in this study. Main Outcome Measures Outcome measures were degenerative changes of the vertebral bodies (VBs) and intervertebral disks (IVDs), zygapophysial (Z) joint osteophyte formation, and Z joint articular surface degeneration (ASD). Changes found in vertebral segments that were fixed (hypomobile) were compared with changes in adjacent nonfixed vertebral segments, and changes among fixation animals were compared with nonfixed controls. Main Results Very few degenerative changes were identified on the VBs and IVDs. Z joint changes were significant, both for osteophyte formation (analysis of variance [ANOVA], P <.0001) and ASD (ANOVA, P <.0001). Fixed segments had more degenerative changes than nonfixed segments for all Z joint parameters (ANOVA, P <.0001). Osteophyte formation and ASD were directly dependent on duration of fixation. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that fixation (hypomobility) results in time-dependent degenerative changes of the Z joints.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Estradiol benzoate given 0 or 24 h after the end of a progestagen treatment in postpartum suckled beef cows.

The objective of Experiment 1 was to compare the effects of estradiol benzoate (EB) given 0 or 24h after the end of a progestagen treatment on ovulation and CL formation in anestrous cows. Twenty cows were treated with an intravaginal sponge containing 250 mg of medroxiprogesterone acetate (MPA). At sponge insertion, each cow received 3 mg EB and 10 mg MPA im. At device removal, cows received 0.7 mg EB either at that time (EB0) or 24h later (EB24). Ultrasound examinations and blood sampling to determine plasma progesterone concentrations were performed to detect ovulation and CL formation. Ovulation occurred in 77.8 and 81.8% cows in the EB0 and EB24 groups, respectively. Diameter of the ovulatory follicle (EB0 = 10.9 +/- 0.5mm; EB24 = 12.1 +/- 0.8 mm; P = 0.26) and the interval from sponge removal to ovulation (median = 3 days; P = 0.64) did not differ between treatments. Among the cows that ovulated (n = 16), short-lived CL were present in 2/7 and 2/9 cows in the EB0 and EB24 groups, respectively. Plasma progesterone concentrations and CL area did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05). In Experiment 2, cows were treated with the same protocol as in Experiment 1, but at sponge withdrawal all cows received 250 microg cloprostenol and timed artificial insemination (TAI) was performed 48 h after sponge removal. In Replicate 1 (n = 204 multiparous cows), pregnancy rates were 45.0 and 47.5% for EB0 and EB24, respectively (P > 0.05). In Replicate 2 (n = 69 primiparous cows) pregnancy rate did not differ between EB0 and EB24 (51.4% versus 52.9%). In conclusion, EB given 0 or 24h after the end of a progestagen treatment had the same effect on ovulation rate, time to ovulation, diameter of the ovulatory follicle, incidence of short-lived CL, luteal tissue area, and plasma progesterone concentrations of normal lifespan CL, and pregnancy rate after TAI in suckled beef cows.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed2003

Complications of indwelling venous access devices in patients with gynecologic malignancies.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the complication rates associated with indwelling venous access devices in patients with gynecologic malignancies. METHODS: Following IRB approval, a computerized database identified women that had indwelling access devices placed for chemotherapy from March 1999 to June 2001. A retrospective chart review identified 116 venous access devices that were placed in 104 patients. All devices were silicone and had a closed tip design with a three-position valve. Data were collected on patient demographics, clinicopathologic features, type of venous device, and complications. The chi(2) test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 104 patients, 79 had ovarian cancer, 11 had uterine cancer, 10 had cervical cancer, 2 had fallopian tube cancer, and 2 had vaginal cancer. The median age was 61 years. There were a total of 116 venous devices placed: 65 external catheters (EC) and 51 subcutaneous ports (SP). Seventy-nine percent of the patients were administered low-dose coumadin (1 mg/day) for catheter clot prophylaxis. There were three operative complications in the EC group and two in the SP group (P = NS). The most common postoperative complications were infection and thrombosis. Nineteen patients in the EC group experienced a catheter-related infection versus 5 in the SP group (P = 0.025). In the EC group, there were 11 cases of site infection and 8 cases of line sepsis. In contrast, there were 3 cases of exit site infection and 2 cases of line sepsis in the SP group. Deep vein thrombosis occurred in 5 patients with EC and 3 patients with SP (P = NS). Twenty-seven patients with EC had the device removed for catheter-related complications versus 2 patients with SP (P = 0.001). Six patients inadvertently removed their EC. CONCLUSION: There is a significantly higher postoperative complication rate in gynecologic oncology patients with external catheters versus subcutaneous ports. Infection and catheter-related malfunction are more common in patients with external catheters. We recommend the use of subcutaneous ports in the majority of patients with gynecologic malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of diagnostic specimens and methods to evaluate infected venous access ports.

BACKGROUND: Implanted venous access port infection can be difficult to diagnose and treat. If device removal is necessary, confirming port infection is problematic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Culture specimens from three sites, catheter tip (Tip), port pocket, and the material within the reservoir (Inside), were sent from ports removed for potential infection. The results of these cultures were compared to preremoval peripheral and central blood cultures. RESULTS: Forty-five ports were removed for suspected infection. Confirmed port infection was defined as positive culture(s) from one or more experimental specimen(s). In 29 evaluable cases, the Inside specimens were completely predictive. Tip specimens were less accurate, even with a lower diagnostic threshold. In 7 of 19 confirmed infections, only the Inside culture was diagnostic. CONCLUSION: The most predictive culture specimen in a potentially infected port is the thrombotic material inside the reservoir.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Mechanical bridge to recovery in fulminant myocarditis.

A patient with acute fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis and cardiogenic shock was successfully treated by mechanical off loading of the left ventricle. A nonpulsatile left-heart bypass was undertaken with an implantable centrifugal blood pump. Careful weaning resulted in device removal on the seventh day. Left and right ventricular function is sustained at 7 months. Widespread application of this method depends on the availability of an inexpensive user friendly blood pump, appropriate weaning protocols and emerging strategies to promote sustainable myocardial recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The control of follicular wave development for self-appointed embryo transfer programs in cattle.

Our expanding knowledge of the control of follicular wave dynamics during the bovine estrous cycle has resulted in renewed enthusiasm for the prospects of precisely controlling the follicular and luteal dynamics and finely controlling the time of ovulation. Follicular wave development can be controlled mechanically by ultrasound-guided follicle ablation or hormonally by treatments with GnRH or estradiol and progestogen/progesterone in combination. Treatment of cattle with GnRH in combination with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF) 7 d later and a second GnRH 48 h after PGF (known as Ovsynch) has resulted in acceptable pregnancy rates after fixed-time AI in lactating dairy cows and in recipients in which embryos were transferred without estrus detection. Alternatively, treatments with estradiol and progestogen/progesterone-releasing devices resulted in synchronous emergence of a new follicular wave and, when a second estradiol treatment was given 24 h after device removal, synchronous ovulation and high pregnancy rates to fixed-time AI. Self-appointed embryo transfer (without estrus detection) using estradiol and progesterone treatments have resulted in pregnancy rates comparable with those obtained with recipients transferred 7 d after estrus. Furthermore, estradiol and progesterone treatments combined with PGF and eCG (given 1 d after the expected time of wave emergence) have resulted in high rates of recipients selected for transfer (84.6%) and an overall pregnancy rate of 48.7% (recipients pregnant/recipients treated). Estradiol and progestogen/progesterone treatments have also been widely used for self-appointed superstimulation protocols with equivalent embryo production to that of donor cows superstimulated using the traditional approach beginning 8 to 12 d after estrus. In summary, exogenous control of luteal and follicular development facilitates the application of assisted reproductive technologies in cattle by offering the possibility of planning the superstimulation of donors and synchronization of recipients at a self-appointed time, without the necessity of estrus detection and without sacrificing results.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Artificial insemination, hybridization and pregnancy detection in sika deer (Cervus nippon ).

Artificial insemination (AI) was performed on sika hinds (Cervus nippon ) receiving various dosages of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG; Year 1: 0, 50 and 100 IU; Year 2: 100 and 150 IU) and using semen collected from elk and 1 2 elk x 1 2 sika stags. The time from synchronization device removal (CIDR vs norgestomet) to estrus was determined through observations of mounting activity. Methods for pregnancy detection, serum progesterone (P4), estrone sulfate (E1S), pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) and ultrasonography, following AI (Year 1: AI, Days 28 and 48 after AI; Year 2: AI, Days 42, 53 and 100 after AI) and a 90-d natural breeding season were investigated. From available production data, body weights were compared among sika and 1 4 elk x 3 4 sika hybrids relative to age. Pregnancy rates tended (P < 0.10) to differ relative to PMSG treatment and sire; administration of 0 IU PMSG resulted in fewer hinds becoming pregnant to AI than 50 or 100 IU of PMSG. Hinds receiving 100 IU of PMSG had higher (P < 0.05) pregnancy rates than hinds receiving 150 IU PMSG. Time to standing estrus did not differ (P > 0.10) between the CIDR and norgestomet groups. Pregnancy rates 50 d after a 90-d breeding season were similar (P > 0.10) between ultrasound (70.9%) and PSPB (61.6%). Serum P4 after 90 d in breeding groups and 50 d after stag removal were higher (P < 0.05) for pregnant than open hinds. Pregnancy rates (Year 1) 48 d after AI were similar (P > 0.10) between ultrasound (49.0%) and PSPB (37.3%). Serum P4 28 and 48 d after AI were higher (P < 0.05) for pregnant than open hinds. Serum E1S was higher (P < 0.01) for pregnant than open hinds 48 d after AI. Pregnancy rates (Year 2) 100 d after AI did not differ (P > 0.10) between ultrasound and PSPB (66.7%). Serum P4 was higher (P < 0.03) in pregnant than open hinds at 42, 53 and 100 d after AI. At 100 d after AI, pregnant hinds had higher (P < 0.002) serum E1S than open hinds. At 6 to 8 and 11 to 13 mo of age, 1 4 elk x 3 4 sika males tended (P < 0.08) to be heavier than sika males, while 1 4 elk x 3 4 sika females were heavier (P < 0.05) than sika females at all ages. In summary, this study documents the use of AI and methods for pregnancy detection in sika hinds as well as preliminary information regarding the production of elk-x-sika hybrids.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Fatal melioidosis in a tourist returning from Thailand.

Severe infections with Pseudomonas pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is a common cause of community acquired septicaemia in South East Asia and parts of Northern Australia, but infection in travellers returning to the United Kingdom is extremely rare. We describe the case of a tourist who acquired melioidosis in Thailand. Despite intensive intravenous therapy with antibiotics to which the organism was sensitive, the patient's infection proved fatal. Ps. pseudomallei was isolated from blood cultures at a late stage in his illness by use of a commercial blood culture system that included an antibiotic removal device (Bac/TAlert, Organon-Technica).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Hormonal and ovarian responses to a 5-day progesterone treatment in anoestrous dairy cows in the third week post-partum.

Primiparous cows with low body condition at calving have an extended anovulatory period. Induction of ovulation and oestrus is possible with progesterone treatment but the response to this treatment differs between Friesian and Jersey breeds. The objective of this study was to describe changes in pulsatile LH secretion and the synchrony of developing ovarian follicles that occur during a progesterone treatment period of 5 days in primiparous anovulatory cows. The experimental model compared the progesterone treatment with spontaneous post-partum changes as well as a breed comparison in a factorial design.Thirty-six cows (Jersey n=19 and Friesian n=17) were managed to calve with a low body condition score (BCS<4. 5). Daily changes in ovarian follicle size were observed with transrectal ultrasonography in each cow from 8 days post-partum. Thirty of these cows were diagnosed to be anovulatory at 12-18 days post-partum (day 0) and allocated to a treatment (n=16) or a control group (n=14), balanced for breed. Each treated cow had a progesterone-releasing controlled internal drug-releasing (CIDR) device inserted vaginally for 5 days while control cows were left untreated. Changes in plasma LH concentrations were measured with intensive blood sampling over 8 h on days -1, 1, and 4. Blood samples were also collected daily (06:00 h) for determination of plasma progesterone as well as oestradiol concentrations on days 6 and 8. Treatment with progesterone was associated with a transient initial decrease (day 1) in both LH pulse frequency and mean LH concentrations after device insertion, but both had returned to pre-treatment levels by day 4. Jersey cows had a greater pulse frequency, but there was no breed difference in mean LH concentrations. Patterns of ovarian follicle growth were affected by progesterone treatment with an increase in diameter of the dominant follicle (DF) identified after treatment initiation. This followed an earlier emergence of a new DF after device insertion. Follicular response to progesterone was dependent on the diameter of the DF present at treatment initiation. Those follicles >/=9 mm were replaced by a new DF during treatment such that the DF observed at the time of device removal was large (>/=9 mm) and growing in 13/16 cases.Progesterone was not effective for the induction of an LH surge, ovulation and oestrus in anovulatory cows with a low BCS. However, treatment was associated with synchronous development of a DF so that it was large and growing at the end of the treatment period in most cases. This synchronous development may be due to the transient suppression of LH and the presence of an LH-dependent DF.

Anestrus↗
PubMed2003

Vagal nerve stimulation--the Norwegian experience.

The purpose of this open retrospective study was to analyze the efficacy and tolerability of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) in a Norwegian cohort of referral patients with refractory epileptic seizures. A total of 47 patients have been assessed after a mean follow-up time of 2.7 years. Mean age was 34.4 years, mean duration of epilepsy was 25.3 years. Forty-two patients (89%) had localization-related epilepsy, 36 patients (77%) had daily seizures. The patients had tried on average 9.5 antiepileptic drugs, and 12 patients (26%) had undergone epilepsy surgery. Sixteen patients (34%) had >50% reduction of seizure frequency with VNS, of which one patient became seizure free. The stimulation was generally well tolerated, but three patients requested the device removed because of troublesome side effects. We conclude that VNS is an efficacious and safe mode of treatment that should be offered to patients with medically and surgically refractory seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of the ClearView uterine manipulator with the Cohen cannula in laparoscopy.

The ClearView Uterine Manipulator was compared with the Cohen acorn-tipped cannula for efficacy and safety in patients undergoing laparoscopy at the University of Utah Medical Center. Fifty consecutive patients were randomized by computer to have either the ClearView instrument or the Cohen cannula used as a uterine manipulator (25 patients each). The ClearView manipulator was statistically superior to the Cohen cannula for range of motion in the anterior and posterior sagittal plane (p <0.0001). The Cohen cannula was consistently inserted in less time (p <0.02). There was no statistically significant difference between the instruments in ease of uterine manipulation, ease of dye instillation, percentage of dye leakage from the cervix, overall ease of use, ease of device insertion, and ease of device removal. Two cervical perforations occurred during cervical dilatation in the ClearView manipulator group in patients with cervical stenosis requiring dilatation with metal dilators (os <2 mm). No patients in the Cohen cannula group had cervical stenosis. In that group two cervical lacerations occurred requiring suture ligation. The ClearView instrument provides a greater range of motion, does not require an assistant to maintain uterine position, and allows manipulation without a cervical tenaculum. Its insertion occasionally (36%) required tenaculum placement, uterine sounding, and cervical dilatation, increasing the time of insertion compared with placement of the Cohen cannula. In patients with cervical stenosis, use of a uterine sound and cervical dilatation increase the risk of perforation.

Adult↗