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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Determinants of the intravenous diazepam dose required for gastroscopy.

Factors influencing the intravenous dose of diazepam required by 100 consecutive outpatients being prepared for peroral endoscopy were evaluated. Eleven patients reported a history of using 2 or more doses of benzodiazepine a week and required 0.48 +/- 0.1 mg/kg of diazepam compared with 0.30 +/- 0.02 mg/kg (P < 0.01) needed by 89 patients who reported less frequent or no use. The log (dose/kg) was negatively correlated with age (r = 0.51, P < 0.01), and the log dose was positively correlated with weight to a lesser degree (r = 0. 31, P < 0.01). In the larger group of patients who reported less than twice-weekly or no benzodiazepine use, no effect of alcohol use on dose was found. The dose was unrelated to sex. The findings emphasize the importance of individualizing intravenous doses of diazepam.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oxygen desaturation and changes in breathing pattern in patients undergoing colonoscopy and gastroscopy.

The respiratory effect of diagnostic colonoscopy and upper endoscopy were studied in 32 elderly patients. Twenty-two underwent colonoscopy and 10 upper endoscopy. In the group undergoing upper endoscopy, 4 of 10 patients experienced a decrease in oxygen desaturation greater than or equal to 4% during the medication period; an additional 2 patients desaturated during the procedure. In the group undergoing colonoscopy, 12 of 22 patients experienced oxygen desaturation during the medication period; 3 other patients desaturated during the procedure. Mean SaO2 for each group was lowest (p less than 0.05) during the medication period. Central apneas occurred in 13 of the patients undergoing colonoscopy during the medication period; however, only 8 of these patients with apneas experienced desaturation greater than or equal to 4% and the periods of desaturation did not correlate with the periods of apneas. Oxygen desaturation greater than or equal to 4% occurs frequently during both upper endoscopy and colonoscopy in this elderly population. This is related to the effects of sedation; the procedure itself worsened the desaturation in only 16% of the patients. Furthermore, the desaturation did not correlate with changes in the breathing patterns of the patients. Low-flow oxygen and/or close monitoring of patients during and subsequent to administration of medication is advised.

Aged↗
PubMed1971

Gastroscopy.

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Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1975

Intraoperative esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, and endoscopy of the small bowel.

Intraoperative endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract is probably much more widely used than has been publicized in the recent literature. Application of this new tool to the surgical armamentarium depends only on the limits of the imagination of the operating surgeon and his endoscopist colleague, in most cases, the gastroenterologist. The operative maneuverability of current endoscopes make every portion of the gastrointestinal tract accessible to direct visualization without incision into it, both by the operating surgeon and by the endoscopist. For the full potential of this modality to be realized, the same sort of cooperation between gastrointestinal surgeon and gastroenterologist must be achieved as currently exists between cardiac surgeon and cardiologist and between transplant surgeon and nephrologist. Once this cooperation has been established, application of these tools to gastrointestinal diseases should become commonplace in gastrointestinal surgery.

Adolescent↗