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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Management by en bloc multiple organ resection of carcinoma of the stomach invading adjacent organs.

During the period of 1949 to 1971, 72 patients at this cancer center underwent en bloc multiple organ resection with curative intent for adenocarcinoma of the stomach that had invaded adjacent organs and structures. The over-all five year survival rate was 7 per cent and the operative mortality, 37.5 per cent. Patients with advanced stage tumors did poorly, although relief of symptoms and some prolongation of survival time were evident. Those patients with early staged tumors limited to the stomach and adjacent perigastric lymph nodes had a remarkable salvage rate of 31 per cent for a corresponding operative mortality of 25 per cent. Most of the postoperative complications and deaths occurred in the earlier period of the study and are preventable with present day surgical management; few deaths occurred during the last five years of the study. In the absence of detectable distant metastases, aggressive resection of these tumors is warranted in carefully selected patients with reasonable prospects of cure and palliation.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

[The prognosis of cancers of the efferent bile ducts].

Malignant tumors of the efferent biliary tracts have a serious prognosis. With reference to a large number of patients it can be demonstrated that too high a percentage (14%) are already inoperable at the first intervention and excision of the tumor is only possible in one quarter of the cases. Careful analysis shows that not inconsiderable survival times--often in astonishingly good condition--can be attained even with palliative measures. Major operation is particularly justified on the distal bile duct, because this gives a real chance of a cure. The essential chance, however, lies in early diagnosis of the malignant process: Surgical help is only possible with an operable state. And it must also not be forgotten that the initial symptoms of incipient carcinoma of the efferent biliary tracts are completely uncharacteristic, but that the sum of modern diagnostic methods permits early recognition.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interaction between oncogen activation and tumor suppressor gene activation in the genesis of five human neoplasias. A mathematical study.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the nature of the mathematical regularity between the incidence of two particular neoplasia in their risk variations in space using world statistics. Our investigation covered 5 cancers in the tumor spectrum, 47 cancer registration units in space, and 1978 to 1982 in time. A 2 dimensional diagram was used to illustrate intercancer relationship, and log-transformed figures of the age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) in place of original (untransformed) figures were used as a measure of cancer risk for both statistical analysis and graphic illustration of data distribution. More specifically, the emphasis of study was on investigating the relation between the type of data distribution and the fitness of a given cancer pair to a mathematical equilibrium model under the control of the law of mass action. The results obtained are as follows: 1) A total of 7 tumor pairs investigated were divided into 3 elementary types according to their data distribution pattern-globular star cluster type, Galaxy-profile type, and open star cluster type. 2) Mathematically, the fitness of cancer pairs to the suggested equilibrium model decreased in the above order--a finding to indicate that a variety of interactions between centripetal force and centrifugal force are responsible for the production of the above data distribution types. 3) Evidence was presented to suggest that the activated oncogene system and the activated tumor suppressor gene system are the sources of the centripetal force and the centrifugal force, respectively, and that the equilibrium point of the former is very often different from the contra-equilibrium point of the latter in their locations. The pertinence of the above data interpretation is discussed in the light of recent information of oncogene/tumor suppressor gene studies.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of malignant occlusions of bile ducts by one-step technique using metallic endoprostheses. A multicenter study of 50 cases].

Long-term patency and ease of insertion of self-expandable metallic stents seem to overcome the disadvantages of plastic stents, changing the therapeutic approach to unresectable biliary tree malignancies. Their high cost is the main problem of metallic stents and reducing hospitalization time is a real opportunity to overcome this problem. Self-expandable stents could be the turning point to reduce overall costs. Fifty patients with malignant biliary tree obstruction (Zubrod performance status < 3) were treated with percutaneous placement of 58 Wallstent endoprostheses by the one-step technique. All patients had undergone thorough diagnostic exams - i.e., US, CT, PTC, ERCP with biopsy or brushing. Two major complications occurred in this series: a iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm requiring selective catheterization and embolization with Gianturco coils and a hepatic abscess six months after stent placement. Late stent occlusion occurred in six patients (12%) and was resolved by balloon dilatations. All patients were followed-up with clinical examinations, US and laboratory tests until death; median survival after stent placement was 122 days (range: 70 to 510 days). Average hospitalization time was 7 days with an acceptable cost reduction.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Sarcomatoid carcinomas (carcinosarcomas) of the gastrointestinal tract: a review.

This review discusses sarcomatoid carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, rare malignant neoplasms that demonstrate both epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation. The clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features are described. Practical problems in the differential diagnosis of these tumors are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Trends in biliary tract cancer.

Incidence data from a large number of cancer registries throughout the world are presented for cancers at various sub-sites of the biliary tract, to assess whether the epidemiology of gall bladder cancer can be distinguished from cancer of the extra-hepatic bile ducts and cancer of the ampulla of Vater. Cancers of the biliary tract appear to be strongly sex-related. A marked genetic susceptibility emerges from this review, not only for gall bladder cancer, as previously reported for American Indians, but also perhaps for cancer of the extrahepatic bile ducts, for which Japanese of both sexes have high rates. Mortality data for all biliary tract (mainly gall bladder) cancer are examined for the period 1958-85. A wide range of trends is observed, notably a consistent decline in mortality among Anglo-Saxon populations, for both males and females. Dietary factors, possibly mediated through hormonal and genetic factors, are suggested as a major causal influence on biliary tract cancers.

Adult↗