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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1964

ABO BLOOD GROUPS IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL AND RHEUMATIC VALVULAR HEART DISEASE.

ABO blood groups were determined in 404 patients who had cardiac surgery for heart disease; 136 of these patients had rheumatic valvular heart disease and 268 had congenital heart disease. The incidence of each ABO blood group was compared to a control series of 2171 patients by means of the varkappa(2) test. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of ABO blood group when patients with congenital and rheumatic valvular heart disease were compared with the control group.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

[Pharmacological tests in the polycardiography of valve defects].

Pharmacological tests are often indispensable in non-invasive polycardiographic diagnosis. Their advantages include easy execution, repeatability, and the absence of significant side-effects. Amyl nitrate, angiotensin and isoproterenol are most commonly employed for this purpose. Cases in which such tests enabled a correct evaluation of valve disease, congenital heart disease, and malfunction of a valve prosthesis to be made are presented.

Amyl Nitrite↗
PubMed1978

[Transitory bacteremia in rectoscopy].

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the frequency of transient bacteremia on recto-sigmoidoscopy. Blood specimens were drawn for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture immediately before, and 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min after the beginning of recto-sigmoidoscopy. 19 blood cultures were supposed to be contaminated. In 3 patients (6%) a positive blood culture was found with the following types of organisms: enterococci, Escherichia coli and nonhemolytic streptococci. The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with valvular heart diseases or prosthetic valves is discussed. In such cases the authors propose prophylaxis with 1 g streptomycin i.m. and 3 g ampicillin by mouth 30 min before recto-sigmoidoscopy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

Magnetic resonance imaging of blood velocity distribution around St. Jude medical aortic valves in patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: Complications after replacement of diseased heart valves with mechanical prostheses may be related to fluid dynamic disturbances. Magnetic resonance velocity mapping may allow quantitative, non-invasive, serial assessment of the blood velocity distribution around prosthetic heart valves in patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Velocity mapping was performed in six patients with aortic St. Jude Medical valves. Axial velocity components were measured at three positions near the valve and correlated with earlier in vitro results and with earlier invasive measurements. RESULTS: The velocity profiles downstream of the valve prostheses reflected the valve design and thus confirmed previous findings. In the one diameter downstream position blood flow velocities accelerated initially through the lateral orifices of the valve. Later in the acceleration phase the velocity profile became skewed and the antegrade velocity components increased in the part of the vessel corresponding to the central slit of the valve. Retrograde velocities occurred in part of the lateral orifice regions. CONCLUSIONS: MR velocity mapping provides valuable information on velocity fields around prosthetic bileaflet aortic valves. The velocity fields from the present study disclose qualitative similarity to those previously obtained. The present study, however, suggests a more skewed velocity profile than predicted from former studies. More extensive studies on larger patient groups should be performed, also with other valve types in order to establish a bank of reference data.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Treating the non-electrical risks of atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation is a common condition and carries a risk of thromboembolism. There is general acceptance that those patients with atrial fibrillation secondary to valvular (and in particular mitral) heart disease or following valve replacement require anticoagulation. Since patients with non-valvular causes of atrial fibrillation are a more heterogeneous group, the indications for anticoagulation have been less clear. A number of benchmark studies clearly indicate that the risk of stroke can be reduced by up to 70% in those treated with warfarin, but only by a variable 30% with aspirin. Problems with interpretation of the results of these studies relate to the younger age range included and a low recruitment rate, leading to a possible under-estimate of the bleeding risk. Subgroup analysis provides risk stratification for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation so that those with three or more of any of the five following risk factors: congestive heart failure, hypertension, previous stroke, left atrial enlargement or left ventricular hypertrophy, have an 18% chance of new thromboembolic events, whereas this falls to one third of this with only one or two risk factors, and 1% with none. Those with so-called lone atrial fibrillation aged < 60 years have a very low incidence of atrial fibrillation and can be considered for aspirin alone. The trials supporting in these statements are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Prognosis of long-term results of aortic and mitral valve prosthesis by the data of treadmill test].

The treadmill test was conducted in 328 patients who underwent prosthetics of the aortic or mitral valve for rheumatic heart disease. The object of the test was evaluation of the heart pumping function according to the dynamics of the oxygen debt, pulmonary hypertension according to the pseudoanaerobic threshold, and decompensation of metabolic acidosis according to the appearance of the hypocapnic reaction. The findings were compared with the results of preoperative examination. The results of the preoperative treadmill test were found to be in accord with the probability of a positive effect of prosthetics. Depending on an increase of the critical loads level this probability rose from 2 to 87% in mitral and from 25 to 100% in aortic prosthetics. It is shown that development of lactoacidosis decompensation in addition to the heart pumping function defect significantly aggravates the late-term results of the operation.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed2006

Extracellular matrix remodeling and organization in developing and diseased aortic valves.

Heart valve disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Little is known about valve disease pathogenesis, but increasing evidence implicates a genetic basis for valve disease, suggesting a developmental origin. Although the cellular and molecular processes involved in early valvulogenesis have been well described, less is known about the regulation of valve extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and valvular interstitial cell (VIC) distribution that characterize the mature valve structure. Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy were used to examine ECM organization, VIC distribution, and cell proliferation during late valvulogenesis in chicken and mouse. In mature valves, ECM organization is conserved across species, and developmental studies demonstrate that ECM stratification begins during late embryonic cusp remodeling and continues into postnatal life. Cell proliferation decreases concomitant with ECM stratification and VIC compartmentalization. Explanted, stenotic bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) from pediatric patients were also examined. The diseased valves exhibited disruption of the highly organized ECM and VIC distribution seen in normal valves. Cusps from diseased valves were thickened with increased and disorganized collagens and proteoglycans, decreased and fragmented elastic fibers, and cellular disarray without calcification or cell proliferation. Taken together, these studies show that normal valve development is characterized by spatiotemporal coordination of ECM organization and VIC compartmentalization and that these developmental processes are disrupted in pediatric patients with diseased BAVs.

Aging↗