PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “IOPANOIC ACID”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Thin-section multiplanar reformats from multidetector-row CT data: utility for assessment of regional tumor extent in non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical utility of thin-section multiplanar reformats (MPRs) from multidetector-row CT (MDCT) data sets for assessing the extent of regional tumors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty consecutive NSCLC patients, who were considered candidates for surgical treatment, underwent contrast-enhanced MDCT examinations, surgical resection and pathological examinations. All MDCT examinations were performed with a 4-detector row computed tomography (CT). From each raw CT data set, 5mm section thickness CT images (routine CT), 1.25 mm section thickness CT images (thin-section CT) and 1.25 mm section thickness sagittal (thin-section sagittal MPR) and coronal images (thin-section coronal MPR) were reconstructed. A 4-point visual score was used to assess mediastinal, interlobar and chest wall invasions on each image set. For assessment of utility in routine clinical practice, mean reading times for each image set were compared by means of Fisher's protected least significant difference (PLSD) test. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic capability of each of the image data sets. Finally, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the reconstructed images were compared by McNemar test. RESULTS: Mean reading times for thin-section sagittal and coronal MPRs were significantly shorter than those for routine CT and thin-section CT (p<0.05). Areas under the curve (Azs) showing interlobar invasion on thin-section sagittal and coronal MPRs were significantly larger than that on routine CT (p=0.03), and the Az on thin-section sagittal MPR was also significantly larger than that on routine CT (p=0.02). Accuracy of chest wall invasion by thin-section sagittal MPR was significantly higher than that by routine CT (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Thin-section multiplanar reformats from multidetector-row CT data sets are useful for assessing the extent of regional tumors in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Tissue-specific modulation of rat glucagon receptor mRNA by thyroid status.

The influence of thyroid status on glucagon receptor mRNA levels was investigated in rats using a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Glucagon receptor mRNA was detected in liver, brown and white adipose tissues (BAT and WAT) and brain. In BAT and WAT, pharmacologically-induced moderate hypothyroidism resulted in a marked reduction in the relative abundance of glucagon receptor mRNA. Short-term treatment of hypothyroid rats with exogenous 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), resulting in a marked hyperthyroidism, reversed the phenomenon in BAT while the reversal was only partial in WAT. In the liver, there was no significant effect of mild hypothyroidism while there was a positive effect of hyperthyroidism. In brain, the relative tissue abundance of glucagon receptor mRNA was not affected by the large changes in plasma T3. The present results therefore indicate that thyroid status may modulate the relative abundance of glucagon receptor mRNA in a tissue-specific manner.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Perioperative management of the thyrotoxic patient.

Preoperative thyrotoxicosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires medical intervention before surgery. Most patients are undergoing thyroidectomy for persistent thyrotoxicosis, usually Graves' disease, either having contraindications to or failing medical therapy. Fewer patients are undergoing nonthyroidal surgery that is likely urgent or emergent. The choice of treatment depends on the time available for preoperative preparation, the severity of the thyrotoxicosis, and the impact of any current or previous therapies. Generally treatment is directed at a combination of targets in the thyroid hormone synthetic, secretory, and peripheral pathway with concurrent treatment to correct any decompensation of normal homeostatic mechanisms. Thionamides are the preferred initial treatment unless contraindicated, but do require several weeks to render a patient euthyroid. beta-Blockers should always be used unless absolutely contraindicated because they improve thyrotoxic symptoms especially of the cardiovascular system. Other agents including iodine and steroids can be used if rapid preparation is required or more severe thyrotoxicosis is present. The goal of therapy is to render the patient as close as possible to clinical and biochemical euthyroidism before surgery. Overall, the morbidity and mortality of adequately prepared patients is low.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1999

Asymmetric growth and development of the Xenopus laevis retina during metamorphosis is controlled by type III deiodinase.

During the metamorphosis of the Xenopus laevis retina, thyroid hormone (TH) preferentially induces ventral ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) cells to both increase their proliferation and give rise to ipsilaterally projecting ganglion cells. Here we show that dorsal CMZ cells express type III deiodinase (D3), an enzyme that inactivates TH. The dorsal CMZ cells can be induced to proliferate if deiodinase activity is inhibited. D3 or dominant-negative thyroid hormone receptor transgenes inhibit both TH-induced proliferation of the ventral CMZ cells and the formation of the ipsilateral projection. Thus, the localized expression of D3 in the dorsal CMZ cells accounts for the asymmetric growth of the frog retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis and evaluation of iodinated analogues of diacylglycerols as potential probes for protein kinase C.

Analogues of diacylglycerol containing a 3-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-2-ethylpropanoyl or 3-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)propanoyl group in the 2-position (1a and 1b, respectively) were synthesized and shown to compete with [3H]phorbol dibutyrate [( 3H]PDBu) for binding in a crude rat brain preparation. Phorbol diesters have been shown to bind specifically to protein kinase C and the PDBu receptor has been copurified with protein kinase C activity. The four diastereomers of 1a (1c-f) were synthesized from chiral starting material and studied in the same assay. The affinities for the [3H]PDBu binding site of 1a, 1b, and two isomers of 1a with naturally occurring L configuration were comparable to that of 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol (OAG), but the D isomers of 1a were essentially inactive. The chirality of the side chain did not influence the binding affinity. Activation of protein kinase C by 1a, 1c, and 1e demonstrated the same stereochemical requirements, but none were as active as OAG. For the 1,3-isomers 2, 2a, and 2b, the competitive binding studies gave different results. The racemic mixture and the D isomer, 2b, were able to compete for binding, but the L isomer, 2a, did not compete. These studies demonstrate that diacylglycerol binding to and activation of protein kinase C is stereospecific for the glycerol backbone, but not the side chain. Furthermore, the D-1,3-isomer must exist in a conformation such that the acyl and hydroxyl oxygens assume a spatial relationship similar to that in the L-1,2-isomers.

Animals↗