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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Profound muscle weakness and hypokalemia due to clay ingestion.

We have presented the case of a 43-year-old woman with severe myositis due to clay ingestion and hypokalemia. EMG studies revealed a pattern consistent with myositis, and muscle biopsy showed a nonspecific diffuse myositis. The clay was shown to act as a potassium binder. With potassium replacement and discontinuance of clay ingestion, the symptoms and signs abated and laboratory values returned to normal.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

IL-6 gene variation is not associated with increased serum levels of IL-6, muscle, weakness, or frailty in older women.

Elevated levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 are associated with the development of disability, frailty, and mortality in older adults. These outcomes are likely mediated through inflammatory activity that alters hormones, skeletal muscle, and the immune system. Polymorphic variants in the IL-6 gene influence IL-6 expression. We hypothesized that IL-6 alleles associate with increased serum of IL-6, decreased muscle strength, and frailty, and tested this in the Women's Health and Aging cohorts. We genotyped 463 participants age 70-79, and identified three common IL-6 haplotype blocks for the Caucasian (n=363) and African American (n=100) subsets. Using linear and logistic regression, and adjusting for age, BMI, race, and osteoarthritis, we identified no significant or clinically meaningful relationship between any single IL-6 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) or any IL-6 haplotype and serum IL-6 level, grip, knee, or hip strength, or frailty. Given that the promoter SNP (rs1800795) has been reported to influence IL-6 levels and health outcomes, we performed a similar association study in the In Chianti population (n=266) and confirmed lack of association. These results suggest that IL-6 gene variation may not be an important factor in the determination of elevated IL-6 levels and related phenotypes found in older women.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Inhaled and systemic corticosteroid therapies: Do they contribute to inspiratory muscle weakness in asthma?

BACKGROUND: Patients with asthma incur the risk of steroid-induced myopathy, which is a well-known side effect of treatment with corticosteroids. However, the adverse effect of long-term steroid treatment on respiratory muscle function remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term moderate dose of systemic corticosteroids and high-dose inhaled beclomethasone on maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax and PEmax, respectively) in two groups of asthmatic patients exhibiting comparable levels of hyperinflation. METHODS: Twelve steroid-dependent asthmatic patients requiring 10-20 mg/day of prednisone-equivalent corticosteroids for an average of 9.83 +/- (SD) 9.86 years; 14 subjects with moderate to severe asthma who have used inhaled beclomethasone for at least 1 year at a daily dose higher than 1,000 microg and 15 healthy controls were included to the study. RESULTS: No significant difference in pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gases appeared between two asthmatic groups with different treatment modalities. PImax as an absolute value was significantly lower in steroid-dependent asthmatics than in patients treated with inhaled beclomethasone and controls (p < 0.01). %PImax was also lower in steroid-dependent asthmatics than in control groups (p < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between %PImax and hyperinflation assessed by %RV, %FRC, %FRC/TLC (p < 0.05) in all asthmatic patients. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that hyperinflation plays a major role in inspiratory muscle dysfunction in asthma, but the finding of significantly decreased PImax values in steroid-dependent asthmatics when compared with patients on high-dose inhaled beclomethasone with a comparable level of hyperinflation points to a deleterious effect of long-term, moderate-dose systemic corticosteroid but not high-dose beclomethasone on inspiratory muscle function in asthmatics.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

Corticosteroids contribute to muscle weakness in chronic airflow obstruction.

Twenty-one patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, admitted to our division because of exacerbation of their conditions and requiring intensified treatment with corticosteroids, underwent pulmonary function tests, tests of respiratory muscle function, measurement of quadricep strength, and a variety of anthropometric and biochemical measurements. All tests were performed the 10th day after admission. As expected, muscle strength and pulmonary function were interrelated. Surprisingly, the average daily dose of steroids taken in the previous 6 mo, which ranged from 1.4 to 21.3 mg (average 4.3 mg), was significantly related to inspiratory muscle strength (PImax) and a similar tendency was present for expiratory muscle strength (PEmax). Multiple regression analysis of the relationship between PImax and quadriceps force (QF) and steroid dose revealed that the average daily dose independently explained 32% of the variance in PImax and up to 51% of the variance in QF. These relationships were independent of the degree of bronchial obstruction estimated by percentage predicted FEV1. Other significant determinants were age, sex, and COPD for PImax and age, sex, and body weight for QF. The present study demonstrates that in patients with COPD or asthma, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength and steroid treatment are interrelated despite the relatively low doses administered. This observation imposes further limitations on the prolonged treatment of chronic airflow obstruction with systemic corticosteroids.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1995

Antagonism of botulinum toxin-induced muscle weakness by 3,4-diaminopyridine in rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations.

The effects of the potassium channel inhibitor and putative botulinum toxin antagonist 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) were investigated in vitro on the contractile properties of rat diaphragm muscle. In the presence of 100 pM botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A), twitches elicited by supramaximal nerve stimulation (0.1 Hz) were reduced to approximately 10% of control in 3 hr at 37 degrees C. Addition of 3,4-DAP led to a rapid reversal of the BoNT/A-induced depression of twitch tension. In the presence of 100 microM 3,4-DAP, antagonism of the BoNT/A-induced blockade began within 30-40 sec and reached 82% of control with a half-time of 6.7 min. The beneficial effect of 3,4-DAP was well maintained and underwent little or no decrement relative to control for at least 8 hr after addition. Application of 1 microM neostigmine 1 hr after 3,4-DAP led to a further potentiation of twitch tension, but this action lasted for < 20 min. Moreover, neostigmine caused tetanic fade during repetitive stimulation. In contrast to the efficacy of the parent compound, the quaternary derivative of 3,4-DAP, 3,4-diamino-1-methyl pyridinium produced little or no twitch potentiation up to a concentration of 1 mM. The potassium channel blocker, tetraethylammonium, generated a transient potentiation followed by a sustained depression of twitch tensions. It is concluded that 3,4-DAP is of benefit in antagonizing the muscle paralysis following exposure to BoNT/A. Co-application of neostigmine or tetraethylammonium with 3,4-DAP, however, appears to confer no additional benefit.

Aminopyridines↗
PubMed1986

Proximal muscle weakness and selenium deficiency associated with long term parenteral nutrition.

A 33-yr-old white female with short bowel syndrome secondary to trauma was maintained on home parenteral nutrition for 4 yr when her plasma, red cell, white cell, and platelet glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities were found to be extremely low, as were her plasma and red cell selenium levels. During her first year on parenteral nutrition she noted the onset of an inability to rise from a squatting position, rapid tiring when stair climbing, and weakness when attempting to lift large or moderately heavy objects. Treatment with 400 micrograms/d of selenious acid intravenously was associated with a disappearance of her symptoms and an increase in proximal muscle strength within 6 wk. The plasma and red cell selenium levels, and the plasma and white cell GSHPx activities rose to normal levels within 6 wk. Red cell GSHPx activity returned to normal by 3 mo.

Adult↗