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Oral manifestations associated with HIV infection: evaluation, assessment, and significance.

During the course of HIV disease, oral lesions frequently are the initial manifestation of underlying immune deterioration. Typically, these lesions are readily accessible and lend themselves to being examined. Therefore, it is important to perform oral examinations routinely both in dental and medical settings. The recognition and treatment of these early signs of immune suppression may have a significant impact on the survival and the quality of life of HIV-infected patients. This article briefly discusses the HIV epidemic and common intraoral manifestations associated with HIV disease progression.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease.

In a systematic study of 100 patients with Crohn's disease, 100 with ulcerative colitis, and of 100 normal subjects matched for age, sex, and denture status, nine patients with Crohn's disease, two with ulcerative colitis, and one normal control were found to have oral lesions. In Crohn's disease, the macroscopic and histological appearances resembled those encountered elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract and their incidence was related to the activity of the disorder. The lesions in the other two groups were different macroscopically and histologically. Production of salivary IgA was found to be reduced in Crohn's patients with active bowel disease. It is suggested that the occurrence of oral lesions in patients with Crohn's disease might represent a local immunological reaction to oral antigens.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗

[Acute leukemia: oral manifestations and treatment].

In the treatment of leukemia (whose viral etiology has not yet been established), certain drugs show a significant oral toxicity, sometimes manifested in the form of pain, an often as superficial white, red-bordered patches in the gums, labial mucosa, palate and pharynx, among other locations. It is, therefore, important for the odontologist to be conscious of leucemic manifestations, as well as interested in assuming an active role when caring for patients subjected to treatment for this malady.

Antineoplastic Agents↗