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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

A microprocessor card software server to support the Quebec health microprocessor card project.

The Quebec Health Smart Card Project is advocating the use of a memory card software server[1] (SCAM) to implement a portable medical record (PMR) on a smart card. The PMR is viewed as an object that can be manipulated by SCAM's services. In fact, we can talk about a pseudo-object-oriented approach. This software architecture provides a flexible and evolutive way to manage and optimize the PMR. SCAM is a generic software server; it can manage smart cards as well as optical (laser) cards or other types of memory cards. But, in the specific case of the Quebec Health Card Project, SCAM is used to provide services between physicians' or pharmacists' software and IBM smart card technology. We propose to expose the concepts and techniques used to provide a generic environment to deal with smart cards (and more generally with memory cards), to obtain a dynamic an evolutive PMR, to raise the system global security level and the data integrity, to optimize significantly the management of the PMR, and to provide statistic information about the use of the PMR.

Computer Security↗

PubMed1996

[Validation of a new interactive software monitoring a controlled-flow infusion pump for cisplatin dosage regimen adjustment].

Adaptive dosing of cisplatin (CDDP) results in reduced haematological and renal toxicity but it has never been clearly shown that it affects the tumoral response rate. Before undertaking a clinical randomized study of CDDP monitoring versus standard dose, a comparative study was performed between a new software dedicated to the interactive adjustments--the AJI software--and the APIS software for clinical pharmacokinetics which incorporates a bayesian procedure and a population information computed according to a three compartment model. CDDP was administered by continuous infusion at variable rates with a controlled flow pump during four days in order to reach the target of 1.3 mg/L at the end of the first day, and to maintain this level during the whole treatment. This study was carried out on two groups of patients. Group 1 (12 patients; 27 courses) received CDDP with sequential flow rates in order to obtain a population information to be used with AJI. For patients in group 2 (14 patients; 26 courses), doses (flows) were adapted in a prospective study using the AJI software two to three times the first day, then daily. They could have been adapted (retrospective study) after platin pharmacokinetic parameters identification by APIS. The dosage recommendations proposed by APIS the first day, from 12 hours to 24 hours, to reach the target of 1.3 mg/L at 24 hours, and then daily up to D4 (AAPT at Di) to maintain this level were compared to those which were really administered during the interactive treatment (DA at Di). There were no statistically significant difference for D2, D4 and for the total dose (118.7 +/- 20.1 mg and 118.5 +/- 45.1 mg). The difference was statistically significant for D1 and D3 (P < 0.05). The inter-individual variability was less important with AJI (CV = 16.9% for DA total) than with APIS (CV = 38.0% for ADAPT total). The platin pharmacokinetic parameters identified the first day by APIS were not statistically different from those identified from the whole treatment for clearance (5.92 and 5.63 l/d) and Vtotal 87.8 and 93.1 L); the difference was statistically significant for Vinitial (34.7 and 42.5 L; P < 0.05) and the terminal half-life (13.1 and 15.5 days; P < 0.05).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

A new plug-in software architecture applied for a portable molecular structure browser.

A new software configuration method using plug-in style components was established for the tool with the incremental development of software used in protein structural study. Our memory database provides the interface of data and functions among plug-in modules and its host program. A molecular structure browser program was developed together with several plug-in modules on our programming library that maintains graphics portability and user interfaces. This plug-in software architecture is generally useful for large-scale software development and for prototyping parts of the system.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1998

Domain ontologies in software engineering: use of Protégé with the EON architecture.

Domain ontologies are formal descriptions of the classes of concepts and the relationships among those concepts that describe an application area. The Protégé software-engineering methodology provides a clear division between domain ontologies and domain-independent problem-solvers that, when mapped to domain ontologies, can solve application tasks. The Protégé approach allows domain ontologies to inform the total software-engineering process, and for ontologies to be shared among a variety of problem-solving components. We illustrate the approach by describing the development of EON, a set of middleware components that automate various aspects of protocol-directed therapy. Our work illustrates the organizing effect that domain ontologies can have on the software-development process. Ontologies, like all formal representations, have limitations in their ability to capture the semantics of application areas. Nevertheless, the capability of ontologies to encode clinical distinctions not usually captured by controlled medical terminologies provides significant advantages for developers and maintainers of clinical software applications.

Computer Systems↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Risk management in the design of medical device software systems.

The safety of any medical device system is dependent on the application of a disciplined, well-defined, risk management process throughout the product life cycle. Hardware, software, human, and environmental interactions must be assessed in terms of intended use, risk, and cost/benefit criteria. This article addresses these issues in the context of medical devices that incorporate software. The article explains the principles of risk management, using terminology and examples from the domain of software engineering. It may serve as a guide to those new to the concepts of risk management and as an aide-memoire for medical device system/software engineers who are more familiar with the topic.

Consumer Product Safety↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Software requirements: definition and specification.

The software requirements specification is the single most important document in the software development process. It provides the basis for development as well as for validation. The SRS needs to include adequate definition of all requirements without specifying implementation or project management issues. The SRS should be completed early in the development process. However, it is very likely that changes will occur during the development life cycle. This is not an excuse for approving and releasing the current version of the SRS. When changes occur, the SRS must be revised. In any case, the concept is to deal with the current, approved version of the SRS. Ultimately, the SRS should include all the information needed to proceed into the design phase of software development.

Software↗

PubMed2000

UMD (Universal mutation database): a generic software to build and analyze locus-specific databases.

The human genome is thought to contain about 80,000 genes and presently only 3,000 are known to be implicated in genetic diseases. In the near future, the entire sequence of the human genome will be available and the development of new methods for point mutation detection will lead to a huge increase in the identification of genes and their mutations associated with genetic diseases as well as cancers, which is growing in frequency in industrial states. The collection of these mutations will be critical for researchers and clinicians to establish genotype/phenotype correlations. Other fields such as molecular epidemiology will also be developed using these new data. Consequently, the future lies not in simple repositories of locus-specific mutations but in dynamic databases linked to various computerized tools for their analysis and that can be directly queried on-line. To meet this goal, we devised a generic software called UMD (Universal Mutation Database). It was developed as a generic software to create locus-specific databases (LSDBs) with the 4(th) Dimension(R) package from ACI. This software includes an optimized structure to assist and secure data entry and to allow the input of various clinical data. Thanks to the flexible structure of the UMD software, it has been successfully adapted to nine genes either involved in cancer (APC, P53, RB1, MEN1, SUR1, VHL, and WT1) or in genetic diseases (FBN1 and LDLR). Four new LSDBs are under construction (VLCAD, MCAD, KIR6, and COL4A5). Finally, the data can be transferred to core databases.

Chromosome Mapping↗

PubMed2006

Isotope abundance analysis methods and software for improved sample identification with supersonic gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

We present newly developed isotope abundance analysis (IAA) methods and software which are used to derive elemental formula information from experimental mass spectral data of molecular ion isotopomeric abundances. The software, using a novel method, can also be used to automatically confirm or reject NIST library search results, thereby significantly improving the confidence level in sample identifications. In the case of IAA confirmation of the NIST library results, sample identification is unambiguous, since the confirmation is achieved by two independent sets of data and analytical methods. In the case of a rejection, such as when the molecule is not included in the library's databases, the IAA software independently provides a list of elemental formulae with declining order of matching to the isotopomeric experimental data, in a similar way to accurate mass measurements with costly instruments. IAA is ideally applicable to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (and liquid chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry (LC/EI-MS)) with a supersonic molecular beam (SMB) since it requires a trustworthy and highly abundant true molecular ion that is unique to the SMB-MS systems, plus the absence of self chemical ionization and vacuum background noise, again unique features of GC/SMB-MS. The various features of the IAA methods and software are described, their performance is demonstrated with the analysis of experimental GC-SMB-MS data and the IAA concept is compared with accurate mass alternatives. The combination of IAA and GC/SMB-MS is believed to be superior to accurate mass GC/MS in view of the general availability of trustworthy molecular ions for an extended range of compounds.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

The migration of femoral components after total hip replacement surgery: accuracy and precision of software-aided measurements.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy and precision of a software-aided system to measure migration of femoral components after total hip replacement (THR) on digitised radiographs. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Subsidence and varus-valgus tilt of THR stems within the femur were measured on digitised anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. The measuring software (UMA, GEMED, Germany) relies on bony landmarks and comparability parameters of two consecutive radiographs. Its accuracy and precision were calculated by comparing it with the gold standard in migration measurements, radiostereometric analysis (RSA). Radiographs and corresponding RSA measurements were performed in 60 patients (38-69 years) following cementless THR surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The UMA software measured the subsidence of the stems with an accuracy of +/-2.5 mm and varus-valgus tilt with an accuracy of +/-1.8 degrees (95% confidence interval). A good interobserver and intraobserver reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.86 to 0.97. Measuring the subsidence of THR stems within the femur is an important parameter in the diagnosis of implant loosening. Software systems such as UMA improve the accuracy of migration measurements and are easy to use on routinely performed radiographs of operated hip joints.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

A new approach to PLC software design.

This paper presents a model-based approach to PLC software development. The essence of this approach is the introduction of a new procedural modeling language called ProcGraph. In contrast to commonly used methods, ProcGraph deals with the procedural aspect of the control system and allows software specification at a higher level of abstraction. The modeling language has been supported with the development of a software tool which facilitates graphical model design and automatic code generation. The specification notation has been tested in the development of software for industrial applications. The supporting tool has been tested in a laboratory environment.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Simulation and optimization of retention in ion chromatography using virtual column 2 software.

A new software package, Virtual Column 2, is described for the simulation and optimization of the separation of inorganic anions by ion chromatography (IC). The software uses a limited amount of experimental retention data acquired according to a correct experimental design to predict retention times for analytes over a designated search area of eluent compositions. The experimental retention data are used to solve a new retention model, called the linear solvent strength model, empirical approach (LSSM-EA), which then enables prediction of retention times for all eluent compositions in the search area. The theoretical development of LSSM-EA and the processes used for solving the equations are discussed. Virtual Column 2 can be used for eluents containing one or two competing ions, and the software contains retention databases for up to 33 analytes on the Dionex AS9A-HC, AS4A-SC, and AS14A analytical columns with carbonate-bicarbonate eluents and the Dionex AS10, AS15, and AS16 analytical columns with hydroxide eluents (results for the AS10 and AS15 columns are not discussed in the present study). Virtual Column 2 has been evaluated extensively and is shown to give predicted retention times that in most cases agree with experimentally determined data to within 5%. The software has uses in practical IC method development, education and training in IC, and refinement of existing IC methodology. A free version of this program is available by download at www.virtualcolumn.com.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Evaluation of aortoiliac aneurysm before endovascular repair: comparison of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography with multidetector row computed tomographic angiography with an automated analysis software tool.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess accuracy and reliability of a volumetric analysis of abdominal aneurysms on the basis of multidetector row computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with a commercially available automated vessel analysis software program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms underwent preoperative CTA and MRA before endovascular repair. Postdeployment CTA was performed in 15 of these 20 patients (75%). All preoperative CTA and MRA and postdeployment CTA data sets were analyzed with an automated software tool. The length of the stent grafts on postdeployment CTA was measured and compared with the true length of the primary component. Two readers independently evaluated 13 vessel parameters on preoperative CTA and MRA, which are considered to be important in planning stent graft deployment. RESULTS: With the automated analysis software tool, all measurements could be performed on either CTA or MRA data sets. There was no statistically significant difference between postdeployment measurements of stent graft length on CTA and the true dimensions of the implanted stent grafts. Interobserver agreement for all of the measurements with either CTA or MRA was good to excellent (interclass coefficient, 0.71 to 0.99) with only minimal mean differences of measured dimensions between both readers (range, -2.0 to +2.3 mm, Bland-Altman). Intermodality agreement between CTA and MRA was good to excellent (interclass coefficient, 0.62 to 0.98) with small mean differences of measured dimensions between both methods (range, -4.1 to +2.1 mm, Bland-Altman). CONCLUSION: Volumetric measurement with an automated analysis software tool allows a fast, precise, and reliable noninvasive preoperative determination of all aortic dimensions on the basis of either CTA or MRA data sets.

Aged↗

PubMed1980

Computer software.

While many nurses are aware that the term "software" denotes the programs of instructions by which the computer operates, most of us could probably benefit by knowing more about software basics--what constitutes a program, what constitutes a system, what distinguishes various types of systems, and levels of computer language, and so forth. Few of us are familiar with the types of computer languages in use today. Fewer still realize that the type of language used to program a system has a significant effect on the resources needed to develop and maintain application programs; that specific languages are best used for specific types of applications; or that the amount of flexibility inherent in a specific system depends largely on the language used to program it. This article attempts to inform nurses at the decision-making level about the characteristics of computer software and their implications as criteria for selecting software systems that perform the required functions as efficiently and economically as possible.

Computers↗

PubMed2002

[Development of the editable software for dentition defect and dentures].

OBJECTIVE: Discussed how to develop a software for prosthodontics teaching with the models and element libraries of the dentition and dentures. METHODS: Selected the typical Kennedy's types and prostheses, used the kinds of model and libraries, by the way of the image manipulation, we established an applied software. RESULTS: We established an useful software for the prosthodontics teaching. CONCLUSION: The software we developed is effective and editable.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1982

Computer hardware and software.

Basic hardware and software components of computers are described and related concepts are defined using examples related to the hospital pharmacy department. Hardware components described include the central processing unit, storage devices, and input and output devices. System software, application software, computer language, and computer characteristics for hospital pharmacy systems are identified. Trends toward computer miniaturization, increased processing capacity at reduced costs, and new software technologies will enable an accelerated pace of new system development and implementation. Applications that are now difficult to justify because of high development cost or low benefit to the hospital will become more easily cost justified.

Computers↗

PubMed1996

Database and software for the analysis of mutations at the lacZ locus in transgenic rodents.

The use of transgenic rodents is becoming increasingly widespread in genetic toxicology. In an effort to centralize and standardize the information regarding mutations in rodents bearing the lacZ transgene, we have created a computerized database that contains published information about DNA sequence alterations on over 100 mutants. Information on the literature citation, mutagenic conditions, organs from specific animals, mutation frequency in each organ, specific mutation, amino acid change, and other data are provided for each mutant. We have also produced a software package for the analysis of the lacZ database. Routines have been developed for the analysis of single base substitutions, including programs to 1) determine whether two mutational spectra are statistically different, 2) determine whether mutations show a DNA strand bias, 3) determine the frequency of transitions and transversions, 4) display the number and kind of mutations observed at each base in the coding region, 5) perform nearest-neighbor analysis, and 6) display mutable amino acids in the lacZ protein. The software runs only on IBM-compatible machines running Microsoft Windows. The software and lacZ database are freely available via the Internet (http:@sunsite.unc.edu/dnam/mainpage.ht ml). These programs simplify the analysis of the rapidly increasing information about lacZ mutation. The programs permit the facile comparison between different lacZ data sets as well as the identification of mutational patterns that may be of importance to experimenters studying the mechanisms of mutation and mutational spectra in transgenic animals.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2005

Performance of the automated motion correction program for the calculation of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction using quantitative gated SPECT software.

The effectiveness of the automated motion correction software (INSTILL, Philips Medical Systems Co. Ltd., Andover, USA) proposed by Matsumoto et al. to prevent motion artifact in quantitative gated SPECT, was tested with a technetium-99m point source and cardiac phantom. INSTILL well corrected the error due to point source movement during acquisition up to a distance of 5 pixels (32.8 mm) in the right and caudal directions, as well as with a distance of up to 7 pixels (45.9 mm) of oblique (caudal-right 45 degree) movement inside the coronal plane. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (EF) were also well adjusted with INSTILL, for up to 3 pixels (19.7 mm) movement of the dynamic cardiac phantom during acquisition in the right, caudal and oblique directions. The respective maximum error with one, two and three pixel movement was 9, 24 and 23 ml in EDV, and 8, 22 and 21 ml in ESV. The maximum error of EF was 3% in all conditions without INSTILL. After using INSTILL, the maximum residual errors of both EDV and ESV were 7 ml and that of EF was 3% in all conditions. Quantitative gated SPECT software with INSTILL will calculate EDV, ESV and EF against movement of patients in the coronal plane. INSTILL is therefore concluded to be a reliable software for motion correction in clinical use.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1997

Viewport: an object-oriented approach to integrate workstation software for tile and stack mode display.

Diagnostic workstation design has migrated towards display presentation in one of two modes: tiled images or stacked images. It is our impression that the workstation setup or configuration in each of these two modes is rather distinct. We sought to establish a commonality to simplify software design, and to enable a single descriptor method to facilitate folder manager development of "hanging" protocols. All current workstation designs use a combination of "off-screen" and "on-screen" memory whether or not they use a dedicated display subsystem, or merely a video board. Most diagnostic workstations also have two or more monitors. Our central concept is that of a "logical" viewport that can be smaller than, the same size as, or larger than a single monitor. Each port "views" an image data sequence loaded into offscreen memory. Each viewport can display one or more images in sequence in a one-on-one or traditionally tiled presentation. Viewports can be assigned to the available monitor "real estate" in any manner that fits. For example, a single sequence computed tomography (CT) study could be displayed across all monitors in a tiled appearance by assigning a single large viewport to the monitors. At the other extreme, a multisequence magnetic resonance (MR) study could be compared with a similar previous study by assigning four viewports to each monitor, single image display per viewport, and assigning four of the sequences of the current study to the left monitor viewports, and four of the earlier study to the right monitor viewports. Ergonomic controls activate scrolling through the off-screen image sequence data. Workstation folder manager hanging protocols could then specify viewports, number of images per viewport, and the automatic assignment of appropriately named sequences of current and previous studies to the viewports on a radiologist-specific basis. Furthermore, software development is simplified by common base objects and methods of the tile and stack modes. Prototype workstation display software and folder manager protocol implementation will be described and demonstrated.

Data Display↗