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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Scooter injuries in children.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a series of nonmotorized scooter-related injuries to children to increase public awareness and encourage prevention of such injuries. DESIGN: A descriptive study of a consecutive series of patients. SETTING: The pediatric emergency service of a municipal hospital. PARTICIPANTS: All children <18 years old who presented to the Pediatric Emergency Service (PES) with a scooter-related injury from July through September 2000. METHODS: Patients were identified by review of the PES medical records. Charts were reviewed for patient data including age, place of injury, use of protective gear, adult supervision, injury sustained, medical management, and disposition. RESULTS: There were 15 children treated in the PES for scooter-related injuries. The mean age was 7.8 years, 73% were male. Approximately 90% of injuries occurred as a result of falling off a scooter. Irregular pavement caused 3 falls and tandem riding caused 2 falls. Inability to use the foot brake caused 1 collision, and 1 child was hit by a motor vehicle while crossing the street. Injuries occurred in a park (33%), on a sidewalk (47%), in a home (13%), and on the street (7%). Adult supervision was present in half of the cases. Only 2 children were wearing helmets at the time of injury; none wore protective padding. Five children (33%) suffered head trauma; 1 lost consciousness, and 2 suffered amnesia. Three children required a head computed tomography scan, and 1 required cervical spine radiographs. All radiographs were negative. None of these 5 children were wearing helmets. Seven children (47%) sustained facial injuries, and 4 of these children required laceration repair. Seven children (47%) sustained extremity trauma, including 1 laceration and 6 fractures (1 supracondylar, 1 distal radius, 2 radius/ulnar, 1 tibia/fibula, and 1 patella). Four fractures involved the upper extremity. Four fractures were managed by closed reduction; 2 required operative repair. One child required splinting of an avulsed tooth. Three of the children (20%) were admitted. The 5 children with head trauma were observed and released. CONCLUSION: The use of nonmotorized scooters by children may result in serious injury, particularly in the young child. Although not life-threatening, these injuries require significant medical intervention and may result in permanent functional and cosmetic deformity. These injuries are potentially preventable with the proper use of protective gear and supervision. Public and parental awareness and education are essential to prevent additional injuries.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2000

The management of traumatic ankylosis during orthodontics: a case report.

Dental ankylosis may be a significant complication in orthodontic clinical practice. This case report describes the management of a malocclusion, complicated by an ankylosed maxillary central incisor, which arose during orthodontic treatment, following an acute traumatic injury. The use of the ankylosed incisor in successfully managing the significant Class II division 1 malocclusion is described.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Early treatment of an intruded primary tooth: a case report.

The report is about a case of total intrusion of a deciduous central incisor involving a male patient of 14 months of age. Repositioning of the intruded tooth was performed 20 minutes after the trauma, followed by placement with sutures. Clinical and radiographic monitoring performed after 1, 2, 4, 9, and 13 months showed normal characteristics. We emphasize the development of preventive programs promoting parental awareness of the importance of looking for prompt care, resulting in a better prognosis.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed2001

Eruption disturbances of mandibular permanent incisors.

In this study, we analyzed 7 eruption disturbance cases of mandibular permanent incisors (5 males and 2 females), aged 5y9m to 10y4m. The etiology was divided into 3 categories: traumatic injuries (3 cases), odontomas (2 cases), supernumerary teeth (2 cases). The procedures such as removal of cause (4 cases), surgical exposure (5 cases) and traction (1 case) were done.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Reposition of intruded permanent incisor by a combination of surgical and orthodontic approach: a case report.

This report presents a case of a completely intrusive luxation of an immature permanent central incisor in a 7 years 9 months-old girl. Because there are severe intrusive trauma and cortical alveolar bone fracture, it was impossible to reposition with orthodontic or surgical method alone. The intruded tooth was repositioned to healthy alveolar bone level by using surgical extrusion and stabilization with sutures and periodontal pack. After healing of adjacent bone, the intruded maxillary central incisor erupted orthodontically by removable orthodontic appliance. It was moved from a high position to level of adjacent tooth in about 7 months. A radiograph was taken 6 months after ceasing forced eruption, which demonstrated minor root resorption, but the alveolar bone height had increased.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2003

Healing of root resorption: a case report.

External resorption is sequelae of necrotic periodontal membrane over a large area of root following an injury to the tooth. This usually occurs after severe dental injuries such as intrusion, severe luxations or exarticulation injuries complicated by a prolonged extra oral period. This case report presents a clinical and radiographic follow up (13 months) of treatment of inflammatory external root resorption on maxillary central incisor using Vitapex. Gradual healing of resorption was observed radiographically with no tenderness or pathological mobility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

A biological conservative approach to complex traumatic dento-alveolar lesions.

Of all the kinds of traumatic dental injury, luxation injuries associated with crown-root fractures deserve special attention due to the particular need for complex multidisciplinary treatment. Clinical experience has demonstrated the need for repositioning of luxated teeth and treatment of crown-root fractures by orthodontic or surgical extrusion and completed with periodontal plastic surgery (gingivoplasty). In many cases the outcome is good conservation and excellent esthetic results. This approach cannot however, always be recommended, for example because of the age of the patient. For this reason, a different protocol is proposed that involves, in addition to orthodontic repositioning of the luxated teeth, (as is required to return teeth to the physiological position), the extrusion, restoration and subsequent re-intrusion to the natural position (without the need for further surgery) of those teeth involved with associated crown-root fractures. Two cases illustrate the use of this proposed technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Facial injuries in skiing. A retrospective study of 549 cases.

In the last 2 decades, reports of skiing injuries have shown an increasing number of skiers with severe trauma. This article provides an account of a retrospective study of 549 patients with 1155 facial injuries sustained while skiing who received treatment at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria between 1991 and 1996. The study was based on a questionnaire answered by the patients and on case report forms. Most of the patients were male (65.2%) and were aged between 3 and 81 years (average 28.4 years). A simple fall while skiing was the main type of accident (45.9%), followed by collisions with other people (23.5%). Injuries were classified into 1 of 3 groups: (i) lesions of the soft tissue (32.2% of all injuries); (ii) dentoalveolar traumas (24.3%); and (iii) fractures of facial bones (43.5%). Lacerations and haematomas were the most frequent lesions in patients with injuries to the soft tissues. The group of patients with dentoalveolar trauma mainly presented with fractures of tooth crowns. Fractures involving the mandible and the zygomatic bone were predominant in patients in the third group. Concomitant injuries mainly included injuries to the brain and skull fractures. Treatment was ambulatory, or by admission and surgery. We did not observe an increase in the number of skiing accidents causing facial injury in the last 5 years. Facial injuries represented 4% of all skiing injuries, a lower proportion than in other sports.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1978

Traumatized primary anterior teeth. Prognosis related to calcific reactions in the pulp cavity.

The frequency of a complicating pulp necrosis and the process of the physiologic root resorption were studied in traumatized primary teeth exhibiting partial or total pulp obliteration. The material comprised 88 incisors in 72 children aged 0.7--5.7 years (mean 2.9 years) at the time of injury. Trauma had resulted either in subluxation (25 teeth), or luxation (13 teeth), whereas the type of injury was unknown in 50 teeth. All cases were observed until eruption of the permanent incisors. Forty-four teeth initially displayed a reversible greyish color. The ultimate finding observed in all teeth was, however, varying degrees of yellow discoloration. Periapical pathologic findings indicative of pulp necrosis were observed in 9 teeth, from 1.6--4 years (mean 3 years) after the time of injury. Extraction was performed immediately, and none of the successional teeth showed developmental disturbances. The process of root resorption was classified as normal in all primary teeth. Subsequent eruption of the permanent successors occurred without any registered complications.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

On the causes of traumatic dental injuries with special reference to sports accidents in a sample of Finnish children. A study of a clinical patient material.

Causes of traumatic dental injuries were studied in a sample of 321 Finnish children with injured permanent incisors. In girls the most common cause was falls (36.7%), and with boys sports (33.6%). Among the sports accidents, gymnastics dominated for girls and ice hockey for boys. Bicycling was also a markedly frequent cause of accidents for boys. The proportion of severe injuries was significantly higher in ice hockey and bicycling accidents than in other sports accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a laser Doppler flowmeter to assess blood flow in human primary incisor teeth.

PURPOSE: This study determined whether the portable Advance Laser Flowmeter Model 21, a clinical instrument, would indicate significant values when pulpal blood flow was present or absent; whether the analog output of the flowmeter was time-linked to the heart rate; and whether labial and lingual crown surfaces produced different flow values. METHODS: Teeth were tested under two conditions: with the teeth in situ and extracted, or with the pulp present and removed. RESULTS: Values before and after the teeth were extracted, and those before and after pulpectomy with the tooth in situ were significantly different. These findings verified that the flowmeter measured the presence of bloodflow. Peaks of the electrocardiogram waves and the regular signal fluctuations of the flowmeter were time-linked and verified the measurement of the heart rate from the dental pulp. Differences in the values for the lingual and labial surfaces of individual teeth were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: This instrument proved a valid means of determining the presence of pulpal blood flow in primary incisors.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian pre-school children.

The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in a sample of Brazilian pre-school children with limited access to dental care. The sample included 1,853 one-to-five-year-old children attending public nursery schools in the Federal District of Brazil. Dental injuries were clinically assessed as follows: 1) uncomplicated crown fracture, 2) complicated fracture, 3) crown discoloration, 4) intrusive luxation, 5) extrusive luxation, 6) exarticulation or extraction after trauma and 7) subluxation. The results showed that 10% (< 2 years), 12% (3-4 years) and 20% (5 years) of the children had suffered at least one type of injury clinically identified at the time of the examination. Boys and girls were similarly affected. Dental injuries were almost entirely restricted to the maxillary central incisors (88%). Single tooth injury was predominant in all age groups. In the youngest group the most common types of injuries were crown fracture (69%) and crown discoloration (18%). However, from the age of three, crown discoloration showed percentages ranging from 41% to 47%. Prematurely lost tooth accounted for 11% of the injuries in 5-year-old children. The observed increase of dental injuries with age indicates accumulated treatment needs due to the children's limited access to dental care.

Brazil↗