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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Troubleshooting for the laminate veneer restoration.

The laminate veneer restoration may present problems for the practitioner when stain lines occur at the incisal edge, after a period of use. This paper describes a successful conservative technique that avoids compromising the veneer by applying a heating source to a bleaching medium on the tooth.

Dental Veneers↗
PubMed2006

At-home bleaching: pulpal effects and tooth sensitivity issues, part II.

The most common side effect of at-home bleaching is transient tooth sensitivity. Despite its high frequency, this phenomenon is not well understood. This is the second of a two-part Critical Appraisal on tooth sensitivity associated with at-home bleaching. The first installment reviewed articles that focus on the incidence of sensitivity, long-term effects of bleaching, and related pulpal concerns. This installment also covers pulpal concerns, as well as the prevention of sensitivity during at-home whitening treatments.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

External root resorption after bleaching: a case report.

An external root resorption occurred after bleaching and was diagnosed radiographically in a 26-year-old female dental assistant. The resorption was noticed 6 months after bleaching. The involved tooth had no history of trauma. An attempt to stop the resorption by using calcium hydroxide failed. The perforation was corrected surgically with amalgam.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Color of restorative materials after staining and bleaching.

This study determined the effect of a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent on the removal of stain from restorative materials. Color changes (delta E*) of three restorative materials [compomer (Dyract); composite (TPH Spectrum); hybrid ionomer (Fuji II LC)] when exposed to juice/tea, chlorhexidine (CH), and water (control) for 120 hours were studied. Stained specimens were treated for two 2-hour periods with a bleaching agent (Platinum Tooth Whitening System) with and without the active ingredient. Color was measured at baseline, after staining, and after treatment using the CIE L*a*b* color system relative to CIE standard illuminant A (incandescent light) as measured by a reflection spectrophotometer. Means and standard deviations (n = 5) were calculated and data were analyzed by four-way ANOVA. All variables and interactions were statistically significant. Color changes caused by CH and water were not perceptible (delta E* < 3.3). After two 2-hour treatments, the following occurred with specimens stained with cranberry juice/tea: paste with and without active ingredient perceptibly changed color of stained composite. The stained hybrid ionomer perceptibly changed color after treatment with paste containing active ingredient but did not change after exposure to paste without active ingredient. The stained compomer was not perceptibly different with either treatment. Platinum successfully removed stains from the composite and hybrid ionomer tested.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Radiation induced-like effects of four home bleaching agents used for tooth whitening: effects on bacterial cultures with different capabilities of repairing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage.

"Home bleaching" methods are commonly used in dentistry to correct tooth discoloration. This technique employs carbamide peroxide, in several concentrations, where the active component is hydrogen peroxide. In patients undertaking this treatment, this exposure can cause biological effects mainly due to the activity of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is associated with effects induced by chemical (natural and synthetic substances) and physical agents (ionizing radiations). We have evaluated the cytotoxic effects of four commercial dental bleaching agents: Insta-Brite, Karisma, Opalescence and Whiteness. We have studied the effects of these agents on the survival of different E. coli strains with various capabilities to repair damages on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): AB1157 (wild type), AB2463 (recA) and BW9091 (xthA). To determine the effect of the bleaching agents on the survival of E. coli AB1157, AB2463 and BW9091, cultures in exponential growth-phase were incubated with the bleaching agent or with 0.9% NaCl, as a control. After plating, the survival fractions were determined. The bleaching agents tested decreased the survival fractions of all strains studied and the E. coli BW9091 was the most sensitive and, moreover, these bleaching agents are capable of inducing damage to the DNA molecule. In conclusion, our results indicate that dental bleaching agents can generate biological effects like the ionizing radiations, and we suggest that dental professionals involved in bleaching to correct tooth discoloration, should control the clinical environment strictly, thus preventing contact between the oral mucosa/gingival tissues and the bleaching agents.

Consumer Product Safety↗
PubMed1997

Bleaching of a discoloured non-vital tooth: use of a sodium perborate/water paste as the bleaching agent.

Bleaching materials containing hydrogen peroxide have been used successfully for the treatment of discoloured non-vital teeth; however, their use has occasionally been associated with external root resorption. Some evidence exists that sodium perborate mixed with water is as effective as sodium perborate mixed with hydrogen peroxide. A case is presented which supports this and a step-by-step technique is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Effect of tooth-whitening strips and films on changes in color and surface roughness of resin composites.

Though the effectiveness of film and strip type tooth-whitening agents on the bleaching of tooth has been confirmed, there have been few studies on their influence on restorative materials. The purpose was to investigate the effect of tooth-whitening film and strip on the changes in color and surface roughness of dental resin composites. The composites used were Filtek Supreme (3M ESPE), Point 4 (Kerr), and Spectrum TPH (Dentsply). Specimens were prepared 10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness. Film type (Night Effect, Crest; Simply White Night, Colgate) and strip type (Whitestrips Professional, Crest; Claren, LG) agents were used, and bleaching procedures were performed for 2 weeks according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Color was measured according to the CIELab color scale with a spectrophotometer. Color difference ( DeltaE(*)(ab)) and surface roughness ( Ra) were measured. After bleaching, the DeltaE(*)(ab) values were 0.90-1.67, which was too small to be perceptible (<3.3). The increase in Ra values was significant in some composite-whitening agent combinations ( P<0.01), however the value was less than 0.30 microm after bleaching. Therefore the change in surface roughness was clinically insignificant. We conclude that the influence of tooth-whitening film and strip on the color and surface roughness of dental resin composites was negligible.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Teaching nightguard bleaching and other tooth-whitening procedures in North American dental schools.

Tooth-whitening using carbamide peroxide delivered in a custom-fitted tray (nightguard bleaching) is a relatively new procedure, yet it is currently one of the most commonly used types of esthetic dental treatment in private practice. This study determined the extent that nightguard bleaching (NGB) has been included in dental school curricula. All sixty-five dental schools in North America were surveyed about curriculum content and treatment protocol for the use of nightguard and other bleaching procedures, generating an 82 percent response. The survey covered eighteen subject areas related to NGB ranging from clinical requirements and indications to products and recall intervals used. The most commonly taught tooth-whitening procedure was NGB, which was most often taught by operative and restorative faculty. Although no schools had clinical requirements for NGB, 92 percent taught it. The most common indications for NGB were esthetic shade change and pre-restorative lightening of teeth. Unrestored caries, defective restorations, and pre-existing sensitivity were common contraindications. Most schools do not use a specific NGB consent form, but most use written patient instructions. Most schools use at least two different NGB products, bleach for two to four weeks, and use reservoired and scalloped trays. An average of 25 percent of NGB patients were estimated to develop sensitivity, for which treatment recommendations include fluoride, desensitizing toothpaste, and reduced exposure time. Curriculum time and safety concerns were reasons for not teaching NGB (8 percent schools). Most schools indicated that the relative importance of NGB in the curriculum was increasing.

Canada↗
PubMed2003

Review of the current status of tooth whitening with the walking bleach technique.

Internal bleaching procedures such as the walking bleach technique can be used for whitening of discoloured root-filled teeth. The walking bleach technique is performed by application of a paste consisting of sodium perborate-(tetrahydrate) and distilled water (3% H2O2), respectively, in the pulp chamber. Following a critical review of the scientific literature, heating of the mixture is contra-indicated as the risk of external cervical resorption and the formation of chemical radicals is increased by application of heat. An intracoronal dressing using 30% H2O2 should not be used in order to reduce the risk of inducing cervical resorption. This review provides advice based on the current literature and discusses how the walking bleach technique can lead to successful whitening of non-vital root-filled teeth without the risks of side-effects.

Borates↗
PubMed1987

A 6-year recall study of clinically chemically bleached teeth.

Chemical bleaching of discolored teeth gives a 45% rate of success after 6 years. While chemical bleaching will usually give adequate color for sufficient time for the gingival margin to stabilize in a young tooth, chemical bleaching cannot be recommended as a permanent treatment in an adult tooth.

Age Factors↗