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Changes in developing succedaneous teeth as a consequence of infected deciduous molars.

The need for dental treatment in paediatric dental patients is immense. The present study was carried out in fifty children in the age group of five to ten years of age with recurrent episodes of dentoalveolar infection. Advanced pulpal infections led to torsion in 54 percent, premature eruption in 46 percent, crater like bone loss in 36 percent, sequestration and dilaceration in 10 percent and 6 percent respectively. Most of the developmental disturbances could have been avoided with timely antibiotics and endodontic intervention.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

[Complications of injuries to the deciduous teeth. Clinical and radiographic evaluation. Perspectives on management and prevention. Apropos of 4 cases].

The traumatisms of primary teeth have often sequels thereabouts grave on the germs of their successional permanent teeth. They have many causes but they are above all frequent during the child's walking trial. We have carried out a clinical and radiographic study of some cases. The study has ascertained the fact that the diversity of the sequels and their gravity depend on the age of the occurring of the traumatism, the intensity and the direction of the shock. The therapeutic and preventive management of these traumatisms and their possible sequels use a pluridisciplinary protocol based on the strict application of indicated treatments, the clinical and radiographic regular follow up and the adoption of a rigorous preventive attitude by the parents during the target period of walking trial.

Accidental Falls↗

Maxillary canine impactions: orthodontic and surgical management.

With the exception of the maxillary and mandibular third molars, the maxillary canine is the most commonly encountered impaction. In North America, palatally located impactions appear to predominate over labially impacted canines and occur more frequently in women. Because of the common nature of this phenomenon, the general dentist should know how to properly diagnose and manage potential disturbances in the eruption of the maxillary canine. If diagnosed early, and when clinically and radiographically indicated, extraction of the deciduous canine may help correct the eruption path of the permanent tooth and prevent impaction. This article reviews the etiology, prevention, and surgical and orthodontic management of impacted cuspids. Because the general dentist is often the first dental care provider to come in contact with patients with impacted canines, knowledge about this common dental anomaly is essential to provide proper comprehensive therapy.

Child↗

Submerged permanent teeth: literature review and case report.

Submerged permanent teeth pose a diagnostic as well as a treatment planning dilemma. Teeth with delayed eruption, arrested eruption, and paradoxical movement all can appear to be submerged teeth. While orthodontics may seem like the simplest solution, it often has the most frustrating results. A multidisciplinary approach often is required, utilizing surgical, orthodontic, and prosthetic components.

Bicuspid↗

[Exchange of dentition and its control. Overview of current knowledge and personal experience].

Physiological dentition exchange is often interfered with exogenous and endogenous factors. For this reason it must be steadily regulated. The authors present complex view on this topic based on literature studies and own experiences. The authors define fundamental principles "guided exchange", "tooth eruption" and "eruption path". Correct explication of these ideas is necessary for text understanding. Dentition exchange is considered as complex of eruption interactions of individual permanent teeth including molars. The project is based on idea that dentition exchange time is optimal for preventive interventions. At the end the authors underline the importance of global application of the above-mentioned principles on the whole child population.

Child↗

Maxillary molar transposition.

To date, five types of maxillary tooth transposition are described in the international literature (canine/first premolar; canine/lateral incisor; lateral incisor/central incisor; canine/central incisor site; canine/first molar site), although the latter two are indeed extreme displacements and not true transpositions. In the present article a sixth type of transposition is recognized and described: the maxillary molar transposition (MxM3M2 and MxM4M3, respectively). Three cases of this anomaly were presented. The occurrence is extremely rare, about 0.04 percent in a sample of 7,000 orthodontic patients. Investigation of other family members (especially parents and siblings) could not substantiate an hypothesis of inheritance of this anomaly. Other possible causes (trauma, caries, tooth agenesis) were also absent in these cases.

Adolescent↗

Occlusal and oral health status of a group of 3-8-year-old South African black children.

This study determined the oral health status of a group of 3-8-year-old South African black children, comprising a total of 214 children from the townships of Garankuwa, Shosanguwe, Mabopane, Hebron and Erasmus who attended a school in Akasia, Greater Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft), oral hygiene status, dental IQ and malocclusion status were determined. The study found that the children's oral health status and occlusal status were unacceptable. The level of their dental IQ scores was low, their oral hygiene poor, and they were in urgent need of primary and secondary dental care. In addition they were in need of both preventive and interceptive orthodontic care. A national strategy to address primary dental health care is recommended.

Ankylosis↗

Repositioning an inverted maxillary central incisor using a combination of replantation and orthodontic movement: a clinical case report.

In some patients, the permanent central incisors fail to erupt and become impacted within the alveolus. In individuals with unfavorable impactions, surgical replantation may be considered to be a reasonable solution before orthodontic repositioning. In this clinical case report, a 9-year-old male patient presented with the permanent maxillary left central incisor in an inverted position high in the vestibule. He was treated with replantation and orthodontic repositioning with fixed appliances. Radiographic review 2 years post-treatment showed an intact lamina dura consistent with a healthy tooth. It is concluded that orthodontic repositioning in combination with surgical replantation can be an optimal treatment choice for impacted teeth, assuming the anatomic location of the tooth is favorable.

Child↗

Early extraction of the mandibular third molar in case of eruption disturbances of the second molar.

PURPOSE: General consensus has been reached on extracting mandibular third molars when they are involved in pathologic processes. However, early extraction is advisable in cases of eruption disturbances of the mandibular second molar, before or during orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with early extraction of the mandibular third molar before or during orthodontic treatment were examined. RESULTS: In these cases either the presence of the third molar presented an obstacle in the eruption path of the second, or third molar germ removal was considered beneficial to the course of orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Early extraction of the mandibular third molar facilitates the eruption of the second molar, especially in cases where evidence of crowding and lack of space in the posterior mandibular region exist. Orthodontic treatment may, in some cases, aggravate eruption disturbances of the second molar.

Adolescent↗