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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Behavioral profiles and symptoms of autism in CHARGE syndrome: preliminary Canadian epidemiological data.

Individuals with CHARGE syndrome were identified through the Canadian Pediatric Surveillance Program (CPSP). From this population-based cohort (n=78), we present data on developmental and behavioral characteristics for the first 13 individuals (eight males, five females) for whom assessments are complete. Standardized parent questionnaires on development and behavior were followed by a structured telephone interview, with a specific emphasis on symptoms of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Preliminary results confirm that individuals with CHARGE syndrome have relatively low adaptive behavior skills, motor impairments being particularly significant. Most individuals did not present with significant behavior problems; however, evidence of ASD symptoms was judged to be moderate to strong in six of the ten children who were above the age of 4-5 years. Results are discussed with reference to the challenges inherent in the diagnosis of autism in individuals with sensory impairments, and to the implications for understanding the etiology of CHARGE syndrome and of ASD.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tests for directional space-time interaction in epidemiological data.

Spatial incidence of disease is often recorded with time of occurrence as an ordering label. This ordering can be used to provide distance based tests for joint clustering of cases in space and time. Two different tests are proposed: one where a control disease is available, and the other where only standardized rates within census regions are available.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Epidemiologic data on vulvar cancer: comparison of hospital with population-based data.

Data on vulvar cancer are subject to a possible selection bias because older patients with vulvar cancer are sometimes not referred to specialized centers. The aim of this study was to compare the variables obtained from the population as a whole with variables obtained from referral and nonreferral hospitals. Population-based data on age, stage, histological type, and treatment modality were registered for 138 patients with vulvar cancer. The characteristics of the patients who were referred to a gynecologic oncology center were compared with those of the patients treated in nonreferral hospitals. The age-adjusted incidence was 2.3 per 100,000 women. Basal cell cancer was less common in the referral center than in the nonreferral centers (3% versus 28%). No difference was found in FIGO stage distribution in the different subgroups. Groin node dissection was omitted in 80% of the patients not referred to a center. Omission of groin node dissection was more common in patients older than 74 years (P = 0.002). Population-based data on vulvar cancer differ significantly from hospital-based data and give better insight into the real characteristics of patients with vulvar cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Indexes of obesity and all-causes mortality in Italian epidemiological data.

BACKGROUND: The relationships of body mass index and skinfold thickness to all-causes mortality during a 10-year follow-up were assessed in 8,341 men and 1,100 women ages 30-69 years from different Italian population samples. RESULTS: Among men, both univariate and multivariate analyses showed a clear-cut parabolic (inverse J-shaped) relationship, whose left branch became less steep after the exclusion of smokers, people carrying severe diseases at entry, those who died during the first 5 years, or all of them. The minimum risk was almost always located around 28 units of body mass index, and it decreased to smaller levels of body mass index when the exclusions were adopted. The analysis of skinfold thickness showed similar but less clear-cut results. Among women, due to the limited number of fatal events, the analysis was unable to show any clear relationship of body mass index or skinfold thickness to all-causes mortality. The multivariate analysis showed a similar parabolic relationship of body mass index to all-causes mortality. The estimated multivariate risk of death broken down into five quintiles was unrelated to the mean level of body mass index for each quintile. From the multivariate model it was estimated that an excess of 10 kg in body weight (above the body mass index corresponding to the minimum risk level and everything else being equal) carries the same excess of risk produced by 5 mm Hg of systolic blood pressure or by less than 5 cigarettes smoked per day. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that high levels of obesity indicators are only slightly associated with an excess mortality and that overweight and obesity are health hazards only if they are accompanied by an elevation of other risk factors, mainly of blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An analysis of epidemiological data in HLA-typed diabetic children.

To clarify the heterogeneity of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, differences between patients with different HLA risk antigens were investigated with regard to sex, age at diagnosis, season of year and calendar year at diagnosis of the disease. The study consisted of 293 HLA-typed patients from the Department of Paediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. HLA-Dw2 was extremely rare among diabetic patients, whereas Dw3 and Dw4 were associated with increased risk in this as in other series. Male patients more often had the HLA-A1 antigen than females. On comparison of the Dw3 positive patients, boys more frequently had the combination A1,B8 than girls. A1,B8-positive patients were more often diagnosed during the warm months, in the late summer and autumn. Patients with both Dw3 and Dw4 were younger at diagnosis when compared with the rest of the patients. The results support the concept of heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes associated with HLA-linked genetic determinants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Community control of hypertension at work-site: epidemiological data of the Agusta project.

In order to set up a program of community control of hypertension at the work site, 8811 employees belonging to 12 factories of the same company (Agusta SpA, Italy) were screened. Seven hundred and seventy-two subjects (8%) were found to be hypertensive; 48% of them were hypercholesterolemic, 44% were smokers, 5% presented with hyperglycemia and 4% had left ventricular hypertrophy. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant correlation between hypertension and age, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, occupational exposure to noise exceeding 80 dB and, below the age of 40 years, the type of job. Seven hundred and twenty-nine hypertensives were assigned to pharmacological treatment. This group of patients will be followed up for 3 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Isolation and some serological and epidemiological data on the viruses recovered from patients with subacute thyroiditis de Quervain.

Virological and serological methods were used in examination of 28 patients suffering from subacute thyroiditis de Quervain. Attempts to isolate a presumed viral agent from 8 patients were performed by inoculation of serum, urine, and aspiration biopsies of thyroid glands taken at different stages of the illness, into tissue cultures of different types of human and animal cells. Recovery of a cytopathic viral agent on cells of a rabbit lung continuous line was successful in 5 cases. Serological cross reactions exist between the isolated viruses and patient serum but not with serum of healthy people. Cases with the acquired illness and positive antibodies against the isolated viruses who had been in close and prolonged contact with patients suffering from subacute thyroiditis de Quervain were also investigated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

The Zurich Study. XII. Sex differences in depression. Evidence from longitudinal epidemiological data.

A prospective study of depressive syndromes and diagnoses was performed among a young adult Swiss population with three interviews over 7 years. Different definitions of depressive states were used: on the one hand, depressive syndromes including mood disturbances of any severity, on the other, well-defined diagnoses of depression. Women were consistently overrepresented among subjects with depressive syndromes of some length and among those with DSM-III major depressive disorder. Both sexes appeared equally affected by brief recurrent depressions with work impairment. Between the ages of 20 and 30 years, men as a group in contradistinction to women showed depressive syndromes with decreasing frequency, whereas, for diagnoses, the sex rates remained quite constant. For identical syndromes, women at each interview reported a greater number of symptoms. DSM-III-R symptoms of melancholia were not reported more often by women than by men. When syndromes or diagnoses were controlled, women and men suffered to an equal rate from subjective impairment at work. Women's syndromes were more recurrent. Among women, a diagnosis of depression was more often associated with disturbances of appetite and with phobias than among men. The importance of differential recall for sex differences in prevalence is discussed. Sex differences may have different weight and different causes with regard to depressive syndromes and to a diagnosis of depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Register for cerebrovascular events in the Area Latina, Italy. Clinical and epidemiological data during three years of surveillance.

Data are presented on the cerebrovascular events collected by a surveillance system during 1983-1985 in the MONICA Project-Area Latina, on a target population of about 400,000 subjects aged 25-74. The cerebrovascular events observed in 3 years were 2245: the fatalities (within 28 days from the onset of symptoms) numbered 1016 (562 males and 454 females), and the non fatal cases 1229 (742 males and 482 females). The attack rates per 10,000 per year were 21.96 for males and 15.20 for females. By definition, all the non fatal cases received some kind of treatment in hospital or nursing home. Among the fatal cases 68% received a treatment in a hospital or nursing home, while 32% died without medical attention. The fatality rate within 28 days was 43% for males and 48% for females.

Adult↗