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PubMed1999

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition: a clinical and laboratory analysis of 91 Thai patients.

The clinical features and laboratory findings of 91 Thai patients (33 males and 58 females) with CPPD crystal deposition disease were studied. Their average age was 71.54 years. Acute monoarthritis and oligoarthritis were the two most common forms of presentation and were seen in 89 per cent of cases. The knee, wrist and ankle were the three most common joints involved. Associated diseases were common and included hypertension (30 cases), renal insufficiency (23 cases), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17 cases), coronary heart disease (13 cases) and diabetes mellitus (12 cases). Eleven patients had malignancies. Five patients had concomitant gout and CPPD crystal deposition disease. The knee and the wrist were the two most common sites of chondrocalcinosis. Of 67 patients who had thyroid function tested, 2 had hyperthyroidism and 5 had hypothyroidism. Hypomagnesemia was seen in 19 per cent. None had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatasia, hemochromatosis or hyperparathyroidism. In contrast to the western series, acute arthritis in our series responded well to oral colchicine alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Septic arthritis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease in the setting of chronic gout.

Septic arthritis is a medical and surgical emergency that if left untreated may lead to permanent joint disfigurement and loss of function. In the setting of chronic joint disease, the diagnosis, based on history and physical examination, may be difficult. A case is reported of a patient with a history of aspirate-proven gout presenting with symptoms of typical gouty exacerbation but diagnosed as septic arthritis and pseudogout.

Arthritis, Gouty↗
PubMed1989

Frictional response of articular cartilage containing crystals.

Many joint diseases are associated with the deposition of crystals in articular cartilage. Three main types are commonly found: calcium pyrophosphate, calcium hydroxyapatite and monosodium urate. The effects of these articular crystals on the frictional properties and the surface condition of the articular cartilage were studied. A total of 43 cartilage specimens cut from 19 post-mortem knee joints have been tested in purpose-designed apparatus. The results show that a high friction coefficient and a high level of crystal deposition tend to occur with a worsening of the surface quality of the articular cartilage.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2004

[Chondrocalcinosis: a disease frequently occurring in the second half of life].

Articular chondrocalcinosis (ACC) is a metabolic arthropathy caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposits. It is frequent in the second half of the life (6% of the population aged between 60 and 70 years, 30% of the elderly after 80 years). Both males and females, are involved in the same proportion. Clinical manifestations include pseudogout attacks, mainly of the knee and wrist joints, secondary osteoarthritis and destructive arthropathy (mainly of the knee and hip joints). There is no basis therapy. The pyrophosphate calcium deposits do not disappear during the evolution of the disease. Symptomatic therapy with NSAIDS, analgesic drugs or intra-articular corticosteroids may be very useful. Orthopaedic surgery is necessary in cases with severe destructive arthropathy.

Chondrocalcinosis↗
PubMed1989

Calcium phosphate cements: action of setting regulators on the properties of the beta-tricalcium phosphate-monocalcium phosphate cements.

Various additives were tested as setting retarders of the beta-tricalcium phosphate-monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (beta-TCP-MCPM) cements. Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), calcium sulphate dihydrate (CSD) and calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CSH) were found to increase the setting time from 30 s to about 10 min. Moreover, the use of CSH resulted in a marked increase of the final diametral strength of the cement, which could be raised from 1 MPa to about 3 MPa. The best results were obtained when CSH and CPP were added together to the cement, while the addition of CSD and CPP alone only retarded the setting, without improving the final strength. A particular cement composition (64 wt% beta-TCP, 16 wt% MCPM, 15 wt% CSH and 5 wt% CPP), selected for its optimum final strength, was aged in vitro for 8 d at 37 degrees C in saline solution (0.9 wt% NaCl in water). After a moderate decrease, the diametral strength of the specimen was found to level off at about 60% of its initial value (3.2 MPa), for ageing times beyond 1 d. This behaviour has been ascribed to the progressive dissolution of the CSD fraction of the hardened cement, compensated by the crystallization of further amounts of DCPD.

Bone Cements↗