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As more hospitals implement bedside computer technology, staff development educators will be called on to develop complex training programs. This article describes a successful bedside computer training plan that includes use of a contract, pretraining activities, training methods, and training environment.
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This paper describes the research and development of Checkpoint, a self-assessment instrument. It outlines how the instrument has helped managers in the NHS identify their strengths and weaknesses with respect to their management and use of informatics. The paper presents trends and feedback from the use of Checkpoint and the implications for future education and training of managers in the NHS.
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In most cases, the resources and time required for training staff in a POC integrated computer system are underestimated. Based on the authors' consulting and training experiences, particularly with an early POC installation at a large VNA, key strategies for the design, implementation, and evaluation of a POC training program are presented.
Because of the coming year 2000, the need was assessed to upgrade the order entry system at many hospitals. At Somerset Medical Center, a training team divided the transition into phases and used a modified version of the nursing process to implement the new program. The entire process required fewer than 6 months and was relatively problem-free. This successful transition was aided by the nursing process, training team, and innovative educational techniques.
The metastrategy for World-Wide Web information retrieval was presented as an integrated approach to end-user searching in clinical medicine, although its application may be made to any search for WWW information. Certain distinctions, such as between anticipated and unanticipated clinical information needs and between WWW catalogs for retrieving Web sites and WWW databases for retrieving Web pages, were made. These distinctions are important in the end-user strategy because they help maximize the productivity of the WWW for clinicians.
The Internet is becoming more and more part of our habits regarding documentation and communication, thus limiting the frontiers to only that of the language. As in many other fields, the Internet is also present in the medical domain. The Internet is accessible to all, providing a technology which is simple and ergonomic and furthermore less costly. A growing number of individuals are indeed offering information, and the multiplication and diversification of documentary thus resulting renders the quality often questionable and the search for information difficult. This article firstly presents the Internet services with examples in the medical domain and more particularly in paediatrics. It then identifies the problems related to the Internet and further details three tools useful to find medical information and to surf on the Internet: Medline, a bibliographical reference search tool (from the National Library of Medicine-NLM); Medhunt, a search tool of the Health on the Net Foundation specialised in the health domain; and the HONcode, a code of ethics developed to homogenize medical information on the Internet.
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A comprehensive software system called ANALYZE has been developed which permits detailed investigation and evaluation of 3-D biomedical images. The software can be used with any 2-D or 3-D imaging modality, including x-ray computed tomography, radionuclide emission tomography, ultrasound tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and both light and electron microscopy. The package is unique in its synergistic integration of fully interactive modules for direct display, manipulation and measurement of multidimensional image data. Several original algorithms are included which improve image display efficiency and quality. One of the most versatile and powerful algorithms is interactive volume rendering, which is optimized to be fast without compromising image quality. An important advantage of this technique is to display 3-D images directly from the original data and to provide on-the-fly combinations of selected image transformations and/or volume set operations (union, intersection, difference, etc.). The inclusion of a variety of interactive editing and quantitative mensuration tools significantly extends the usefulness of the software. Any curvilinear path or region-of-interest can be manually specified and/or automatically segmented for numerical determination and statistical analyses of distances, areas, volumes, shapes, densities and textures. ANALYZE is written entirely in "C" and runs on several standard UNIX workstations. It is being used in a variety of applications by over 40 institutions around the world, and has been licensed by Mayo to several imaging companies. The software architecture permits systematic enhancements and upgrades which has fostered development of a readily expandable package. ANALYZE comprises a powerful "visualization workshop" for rapid prototyping of specific application packages, including applications to interactive surgery simulation and radiation treatment planning. ANALYZE offers the potential to accurately and reproducibly examine, from images, the structure and function of any cell, tissue, limb, organ or organ system of the body, much like a surgeon or pathologist might do in real life, but entirely non-invasively, without pain or destruction of tissue. These capabilities promise exciting new insights into the basic processes of life, and major advances in health care delivery through improved diagnosis and treatment of disease.
BACKGROUND: Approximately 80% of GPs use a GP information system (GIS) and an electronic medical record (EMR) in their daily practice. To reap the full benefits of an EMR for patient care, post-graduate education and research, the data input must be well structured and accurately coded. OBJECTIVES: The quality and user-friendliness of the software positively influence the completeness and reliability of the data recorded in the GIS. To assess this in actual practice, this study examined whether or not an increase occurred in the accuracy and completeness of indication-related medication registration after the GIS's software package was upgraded. METHOD: GPs recorded data for the Registration Network Groningen (RNG) concerning four medication groups: insulin, trimethoprim, the contraceptive pill and beta-blocking agents. The completeness and accuracy of the registered data were assessed both before and after the change to the new software package. The completeness is evaluated on the basis of the indications missing for the prescribed medications. To assess accuracy, a check was made to determine whether the indications corresponded to those deemed relevant for that particular medication according to National Pharmaceutical Guidelines. RESULTS: The percentage of missing indications decreased notably, especially in the chronically prescribed medication groups. For insulin, the percentage decreased from 40.5 to 3% and for the contraceptive pill from 34.5 to 1%. For trimethoprim, the percentage decreased from 10 to 1%, and for beta-blocking agents from 22 to 1.5%. Of the indications present, the percentage of relevant indications showed a slight increase, with the largest increase observed for the contraceptive pill where the percentage rose from 86 to 96%. CONCLUSIONS: The completeness of recorded indications improved considerably after the change of software. This is due mostly to the efforts of the GPs, their practice assistants and the support of the RNG organization involved in the conversion procedure. Accuracy improved slightly, especially due to the software modifications which ensured that non-existent codes could not be entered. To summarize, with increased user-friendliness of the software, combined with the training of motivated GPs, the quality of recorded data improved.
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Several areas of HTML-applications using intranet-technology are presented, which are in routine use in our hospital: CBT for nurses and medical students, drug information, electronic literature retrieval systems and laboratory information systems. The basic concept is an integration of commercial databases and local information. All applications are hardware-independent with the same user-interface and all use client-server-technology. By a central update it is ensured that everybody gets the most recent information. As a result of these efforts synergy has developed. The training of the medical staff is supported which helps to improve the care of the patients.
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The basic activity of the student during the "computer training process" is the introduction and processing of information. In the dialogue regime of work, between student and computer, the velocity and accuracy of the information processing take important place. In this aspect, special attention is given to the changes in the indicated indices during the computer lesson, computer plays and the traditional training. Studies are carried out on 30 students from classes X and XI, educated in vocational school "V. Levski", the town of Pravets. For the purpose is used electron determinator with test programme, containing consecutively exposure to 50 visual stimulators in red, blue, green, yellow and white colours at 1,2 s/speed. The results as a whole show that the most favourable results concerning the computer plays, very likely could be explained with the diversion effect and the positive motivation adjustment to the activity performed. By means of dispersion analysis is established, that only the type of activity has an essential effect on the velocity and accuracy of the information processing.