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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The separation of some volatile fatty acids on a "Sephadex" partition chromatogram.

The suitability of Sephadex LH-20 as a solid support for the partition chromatography of acetic, propionic and butyric acids was investigated by using standard mixtures of 14C-labelled acids. The clear separation that was obtained between the acids was confirmed by the negligible cross contamination found between the acid peaks. Furthermore, the Sephadex LH-20 column gave a convenient elution volume and time similar to those found for a Celite Analytical Filter Aid column, without the progressive deterioration in separation normally associated with Celite.

Acetates↗
PubMed1983

Utilization of volatile fatty acids and improvement of fluid therapy for treatment of dehydration in diarrheic calves.

Oral glucose-electrolytes solutions have been first developed for treatment of watery diarrhea in situations where resources are limited. However, oral therapy proved by no means to be a limited or alternative form of treatment and it must be now considered as the treatment of choice for acute diarrhea of practically all etiologies. Furthermore, it must be pointed out that, whatever the additional treatments (antibiotics essentially), oral therapy and suppression of milk feeding have to be effected as soon as possible. Glucose-facilited sodium transport is one of the main processes involved in efficiency of oral formulations. However, recent investigations in our laboratory have shown that acetate (and propionate) brought about a substantial stimulation of sodium and water absorption in the small intestine. This effect was all the more interesting since it was observed throughout the small intestine, in contrast to solutes such as glucose, aminoacids or chloride. Furthermore, acetate affords the possibility of having a more physiological Na/Cl ratio, for correction of acidosis. Besides, acetate may display a delayed alkalinizing effect after metabolization. Propionate also exhibits interesting properties on sodium absorption and as glucogenic substrate after absorption. Field evaluation have demonstrated the efficiency of oral formulations including acetate and propionate (treatment of more than 100 000 diarrheic calves), with generally more than 95% success. Further progress should be expected from improvement in energy supply from oral formulations. The problem is at present the matter of investigations, particularly by utilization of lactose in carefully balanced electrolytes formulations.

Acetates↗
PubMed1981

Pathway of formation of branched-chain volatile fatty acids in Ascaris mitochondria.

Disrupted Ascaris mitochondria formed 2-methylbutyrate (2-MB) and 2-methylvalerate (2-MV) when incubated anaerobically with acetyl CoA, propionyl CoA and NADH. However, when mitochondrial membranes were removed by high speed centrifugation and the mitochondrial soluble fraction was incubated with the same substrates, 2-methylcrotonate (tiglate) and a compound tentatively identified as 2-methyl-2- pentenoate accumulated rather than 2-MB or 2-MV. These data suggest that the terminal reduction of the unsaturated intermediates to the saturated 2-MB and 2-MV was catalyzed by an enzyme system at least partially bound to membranes. This supposition was further supported by the findings that disrupted Ascaris mitochondria also formed 2-MB and lesser amounts of 2-MV when incubated with tiglyl CoA plus NADH, and both soluble and membrane-bound components appear to be involved in this reduction. The possibility that electron transport associated ATP synthesis may be coupled to these reductions remains to be examined.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1996

[The correlation between an increase in subgingival temperature and the concentration of volatile fatty acids of bacterial origin present in periodontal pockets].

The results obtained in this study indicate that the mean subgingival temperature measured in periodontal patients is significantly higher compared to that obtained from healthy subjects. The increase in subgingival temperature observed in periodontal patients, is proportional to the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) present in the gingival fluid. The highest temperature values were observed when suppuration and high levels of SCFA were both present in the same site. Theoretical considerations are presented which suggest a possible role of metabolically activated neutrophils in the local temperature increase. In any case, considering that the local increase in temperature is associated with an inflammatory process and that SCFA are bacterial "toxins" capable of inhibiting the immunological host response, the results presented in this study agree with the hypothesis that SCFA may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic adult periodontitis.

Adult↗