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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prevention of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion using intravenous immunoglobulin: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

PROBLEM: The efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion was assessed in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled study. METHOD OF STUDY: The study took place in a provincial recurrent pregnancy loss clinic, located in a tertiary/quaternary care academic center. The study subjects were women with a history of two or more documented consecutive spontaneous pregnancy losses under 20 weeks of gestation, excluding any associated with aneuploidy by karyotype analysis, and with no evidence of genetic, endocrine, infectious, anatomic, or autoimmune factors associated with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion. The subjects were randomized to receive either intravenous immunoglobulin (Gamimune N) as treatment or normal saline as placebo. Randomization was stratified for primary, secondary, and unclassified unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Success was defined as an ongoing pregnancy beyond 20 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: Sixty-two subjects enrolled in the trial. There were 37 index pregnancies and 6 cross-over pregnancies. There was no clinically significant difference between the treatment arm and the placebo arm in terms of subsequent pregnancy success. There seemed to be a higher success rate with the stratified analysis of couples with secondary unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, but the trial did not have sufficient power to confirm this. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this trial and three similar trials in the literature, a multicentered trial is needed to determine conclusively whether IVIG is effective in the treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1964

TETANUS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

[The preoperative preparation of the vagina with Betadine before abortion on demand].

Recent evidence has associated bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis with several postoperative complications. We carried out a prospective study aiming to estimate the frequency of vaginitis in women wanting to make an artificial abortion and the possibility to influence this infections by local application of vaginal BETADINE suppositories in all forms of infectious vaginitis: Candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1983

Restricted replication of herpes simplex virus in human monocyte cultures: role of interferon.

Exposure of fresh human monocytes in culture to high or moderate concentrations of herpes simplex virus (HSV) resulted in an abortive infection or in a highly restricted replication of the virus. Infectious progeny virus yields were obtained either by diluting the inoculum virus to multiplicities of 0.1-0.0001 PFU/cell, or by cultivation of the cells for a few days before exposure to the virus. Interferon was synthesized and released into the medium of monocyte cultures infected with the higher multiplicities, while the lower productive multiplicities or inoculations of HSV into mature macrophage cultures resulted in a production of only small amounts, if any, of interferon. Inhibition of the morphological differentiation of monocytes was seen in cultures infected with the higher multiplicities of HSV (m.o.i. 1.0-0.1 PFU/cell) and was not unlike that caused by exogenous interferon added into uninfected monocyte cultures. Antisera against the leukocyte interferon were able to enhance the production of infectious HSV in monocyte-macrophage cultures. These results suggest that interferon induced in monocytes by high multiplicities of HSV can prevent the productive replication of HSV. Apart from its possible direct antiviral effect interferon may cause this restriction of HSV replication by inhibiting the differentiation of host monocytes.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed2006

Canine brucellosis: outbreaks and compliance.

Canine infertility has many causes that must be considered during evaluation of abnormal reproductive function. An important infectious agent is Brucella canis. Classically deemed a major reason of abortion, this organism also produces infertility in stud dogs and poses a potential health hazard to dogs and humans. The State of Georgia has, out of necessity, instigated regulations to manage outbreaks and seek compliance by educating the pet owner population about this disease. A review of its etiology, methods of transmission, pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, serology and culture, pathology, treatment options, and regulated prevention featured by Georgia, are presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytomegalovirus infects human lymphocytes and monocytes: virus expression is restricted to immediate-early gene products.

In this investigation, we studied the ability of human cytomegalovirus to infect peripheral blood mononuclear cells. With monoclonal antibody technology, we demonstrated that cytomegalovirus could infect human lymphocytes of T- and B-cell lineage, natural killer cells, and monocytes. Furthermore, virus expression was limited to the synthesis of immediate-early cytomegalovirus polypeptides. These peripheral blood mononuclear cells did not produce infectious virus, nor were mature virions visualized by electron microscopy. This abortive infection of mononuclear cells was most convincingly shown with stocks of cytomegalovirus that had been recently isolated from infected patients and passaged minimally in fibroblasts. This argues for an increased lymphotropic effect of some isolates of cytomegalovirus, compared to strains of virus that are extensively adapted to growth in fibroblasts. Furthermore, immunocompetent cells that were shown to be abortively infected with cytomegalovirus lost selected differentiated functions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1977

Low morbidity in the surgical patient with group B streptococci.

Non-Group A or D beta hemolytic streptococci were identified in the vaginas of 5-11% of prenatal patients. More than 97% of organisms so identified have been found to be specifically Group B beta hemolytic streptococci (GB-BHS). The differences may have been related to seasonal changes. These organisms were found in 5% of preabortion patients--none of whom developed any infectious morbidity even though no therapy was used prior to the abortion. Of 100 gynecologic patients undergoing major gynecologic surgery, 17% had preoperative cultures positive for GB-BHS. However, the morbidity (18%) was the same for the culture-positive and culture-negative patients.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

Infectious disease incidence among horses in France, Ireland and the United Kingdom during 1984.

An outbreak of equine viral arteritis in the American state of Kentucky led to a temporary ban being imposed by France, Ireland and the UK on the importation of horses from the USA during 1984. Sporadic cases of influenza caused by the type 2 strain of the virus were confirmed in France throughout the year and cases of strangles in thoroughbred mares and foals were reported from all three countries. No cases of contagious equine metritis were confirmed among the thoroughbred breeding population, although a number of outbreaks of the abortion form of rhinopneumonitis occurred. A small number of clinical cases of equine infectious anaemia were confirmed in France.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Outcome of continued pregnancies after first- and second-trimester cervical dilatation by laminaria tents.

In 21 pregnant women (seven in the first trimester and 14 in the second trimester), laminaria tents inserted for induction of elective abortion were removed after dilatation had been achieved, but upon the patient's request, the abortion was not carried out. Four patients again changed their minds and had uncomplicated induced abortion after reinsertion of the laminaria tents. Seventeen patients continued their pregnancies: Fourteen had term deliveries, two had premature deliveries, and one had a spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks' gestation, 2 weeks after laminaria removal. None of the patients suffered infectious morbidity, including three untreated patients with positive cervical cultures for chlamydia, who experienced normal pregnancies and deliveries.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

Foetal loss in dairy goats: function of the adrenal glands, corpus luteum and the foetal-placental unit.

To investigate the causes and mechanisms of foetal loss in Norwegian dairy goats, blood parameters in 40 goats that lost foetuses were compared with those in 40 goats that experienced a normal pregnancy. High mean levels of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2alpha, and low mean levels of oestrone sulphate throughout pregnancy were associated with foetal loss. The mean oestrone sulphate level was low before abortion, and the distinct peak that occurred at parturition in the control goats was not observed in connection with abortion. Association of other blood parameters with foetal loss was not detected. Infectious agents and toxins did not appear to be major causes of foetal loss in this study. The normal level of progesterone and cortisol in goats with foetal loss indicated that the function of the corpus luteum and adrenal glands, respectively, were not disturbed. The rapid decline in progesterone level associated with foetal loss may therefore be a result, rather than the cause, of foetal death. The lowered level of oestrone sulphate and elevated level of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2alpha in goats with foetal loss clearly indicated that the endocrine foetal-placental function was disturbed.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1984

Abortive ectromelia virus infection in peritoneal macrophages activated by Corynebacterium parvum.

We have previously demonstrated that peritoneal macrophages (M phi S) from C3H mice were resistant to in vitro infection by ectromelia virus, following activation by intraperitoneal injection of the immunomodulator Corynebacterium parvum. In contrast, resident and mineral oil-elicited M phi S were fully susceptible to virus infection. This report analyzes the infectious cycle of ectromelia virus in C parvum-activated and mineral oil-elicited M phi S and demonstrates that an abortive infection occurred in the activated M phi S that blocked the infectious cycle prior to the release of DNA from the infecting virions. The kinetics of adsorption of radiolabeled virus were similar in both susceptible and resistant M phi cultures; however, viral-induced incorporation of uridine and thymidine occurred only in the mineral oil-elicited and not the C parvum-activated M phi S. In addition, the late protein hemagglutinin was only detected in infected cultures of susceptible mineral oil-elicited M phi S. An electron micrographic analysis of the infectious cycle indicated that the adsorption of virus to the plasma membrane, uptake into lysosomes, and the primary undercoating and release of viral cores into the M phi cytoplasm were identical in both M phi types. In contrast, secondary uncoating (release of genomic DNA from the viral cores into the cytoplasm) was never detected in infected C parvum M phi S. These data are consistent with our previous findings and with the hypothesis that activation of M phi S by C parvum induces an interferon-mediated resistance to ectromelia virus infection.

Animals↗