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Results for “Microcomputers”

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PubMed1986

The use of microcomputers for data management in a large epidemiological survey.

A data management system designed around microcomputers and commercial software packages was employed for a large epidemiological study. Management involved the tracking of subjects through several stages of the study and the generation of subject listings, personalized letters of invitation, daily worklists for the field teams, and a checklist for the laboratories. These processes were controlled using a continually updated subject data base which in final form provided the core of the management system for the collected data. Data management presented major problems because of the volume of data which were received from several sources over a period of months. A key feature to emerge was the importance of an accurate serial number on all items for which a check digit was employed. The system had a short development time and was found to be inexpensive and flexible and to cope easily with the demands made of it.

Computers↗

PubMed1987

A microcomputer-based distributed data management system for a large cooperative study of transfusion associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

This paper describes the details of a microcomputer-based, distributed data management system in the acquisition of data collected in a large multicentered cooperative investigation of transfusion-transmitted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Clinical, virological, and immunological data are obtained from six clinical centers and six central laboratories using a variety of hardware components and software packages. Data are merged and processed on a mainframe computer at the Biostatistics Office at the University of Southern California. The advantages and disadvantages of this system are discussed relative to the dynamics of the study, the magnitude and nature of the database, and the organization of the distributed centers involved.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1990

Connection, a microcomputer program for storing and analyzing structural properties of neural circuits.

The application of a microcomputer-based system (the Connection system) designed to deal with neuroanatomical information commonly analyzed by researchers and involved in the study of structural properties of neural circuits is presented. This system can be employed at first as a readily-accessible database containing physiological and anatomical data from nuclei of the central nervous system which define a network with up to 45 elements and their subdivisions and connections. Once the database from a specific network is built and stored in a file, routines of this system can be used to classify the nuclei in term of their afferents and efferents and also to display all possible pathways linking any pair of nuclei and their respective length (number of synapses). The role of such a system as an auxiliary tool in neuroanatomical and electrophysiological research is discussed by presenting the results obtained from the analysis of the neural circuits involved in cardiovascular function control in higher vertebrates.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1990

Landmarking of cephalograms using a microcomputer system.

Landmarks, or certain characteristic reference points, on cephalograms are used as a diagnostic aid employed in treatment planning by orthodontists. This work presents an algorithm for recognizing some anatomical features and locating landmarks on lateral skull X rays (cephalograms) using digital image processing and feature recognition techniques. A cephalogram is digitized and stored in a computer memory. Prefiltering is applied to remove image noise. The bony and flesh profiles of jaw and front face are traced. Using these profiles the algorithm locates 17 points on the image, some on bony features and others on soft tissue. To locate these points, edge-enhancement, thresholding, and edge-detection techniques are applied. The algorithm can be run on an IBM compatible microcomputer.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1982

Microcomputer-based system for the detection and quantification of petit mal epilepsy.

A petit mal seizure detector totally implemented in a 16 bit microcomputer and capable of analyzing on-line at least one channel of EEG data is described. The system uses the repetition period of the wave complexes as the primary parameter for the detection and performs well in clinically significant seizures. Besides characterizing the paroxysms in duration and time of occurrence, the system also evaluates on-line the mean values and variances of the detection parameters, yielding more quantitative information about the seizure data than previously described systems.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗

PubMed1984

Comprehensive fetal monitoring by microcomputer--a clinical approach.

An inexpensive microcomputer has been devised to analyze fetal heart signals and fetal activity which were simultaneously recorded. Digital techniques were used to provide quantitative analysis of each of these inputs, and the interrelations among them. A parallel graphical presentation of those inputs was also provided.

Computers↗

PubMed1984

An interactive microcomputer-based graphics system for analysis of cardiodynamic function.

An on-line interactive, modular, menu-driven microcomputer-based data acquisition and analysis system was designed and implemented. This system includes a low-cost commercial desk-top graphics computer with a modular construction. All these operations are performed using extended BASIC "CALL" statements. The system is designed to be used in a cardiovascular research and laboratory environment where the assessment of hemodynamic and cardiodynamic function includes routine measurements of pressure and flow. In addition, the measurement of regional and global left ventricular chamber dimensions have been implemented. The modular design of the software system is "human-engineered" to enable a simple, cost effective computer system to perform physiological measurement and control. Extended BASIC language instructions provide the casual computer user with a simple yet effective means of implementing on-line data acquisition, analysis and graphic production and display.

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMed1984

A pain microcomputer system for clinical and laboratory investigation.

This report describes the design and use of a mobile "Pain Microcomputer System" (PMS). As a mobile clinical and laboratory research tool the PMS integrates four functions: (1) psychophysical measurement of behavioral pain responses; (2) psychophysiologic recording, including brain evoked potentials, cortical power spectrum analysis, EKG and EMG; (3) data acquisition, analysis and display; (4) peripheral communications via modem allows interaction with larger computers for more complex data analyses, extensive graphics, etc. A word processor disk facilitates writing of scientific and clinical reports. Present and future capabilities of the system for comprehensive pain research and patient care are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Microcomputer assisted growth assessment.

A microcomputer program is described which facilitates analysis of normal and abnormal growth patterns in children. The program compares individual growth data with established normals, calculates indices and provides both printed summaries as well as graphic displays.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗

PubMed1986

A microcomputer system for haemodynamic measurements in isolated, working rat hearts.

This study describes the application of an Apple IIe microcomputer in combination with a pre-processor in the on-line calculation of haemodynamic variables of the isolated working rat heart and of relative rapid changes in these variables, induced by variations in left atrial filling pressure (preload) and end-diastolic aortic pressure (afterload). Variables such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic left ventricular pressure, the maximal positive and negative first derivative of the left ventricular pressure, systolic and diastolic aortic pressure and aortic flow were continuously calculated and printed at minimal intervals of 6 s. A newly designed procedure to detect the activation of the electrogram, which was necessary to start the detection of a new cardiac cycle, is described.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

A microcomputer based interview system for antenatal clinic.

A microcomputer-based antenatal interview system, using a low cost Apple IIb computer with an on-line printer, was tested for the feasibility of application in an obstetric clinic. This simple to use interview program was written in the PASCAL language. This paper describes the development and features of this program.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1987

A microcomputer system for on-line collection of blood flow and related physiological data.

A multi-disciplinary approach is described for the development of a microcomputer based on-line data collection system for blood flow experiments. Well designed software provides a flexible approach to data collection, which is particularly suited to blood flow research laboratories. The choice of well supported hardware ensures ease of development with minimum time and cost.

Blood Circulation↗

PubMed1987

A microcomputer program for fitting enzyme inhibition rate equations.

This paper presents a computer program written in BASIC for fitting different enzyme inhibition kinetic models. The program, based on a nonlinear least-squares regression, can be run on any microcomputer with the CP/M operating system. Weighting of observed initial velocities is decided by the user by assessing constant variance, proportional variance or by incorporation of the variances calculated by a subroutine. The program also uses robust regression by bisquare weighting. All questions concerning data input, type of rate function, type of weight and the use of bisquare regression appear on the video display unit.

Enzyme Inhibitors↗

PubMed1987

Measurement of signal period on a personal microcomputer and its application to the analysis of cardiac interval and blood pressure.

Personal microcomputers interfaced with analog-digital converters are capable of analyzing almost any biological signal, yet are limited in their ability to directly measure a signal's period/frequency. We describe a short program which measures the interval between periodic events up to 3.5 Hz. In addition, an expanded program which calculates the frequency distribution, distribution statistics, and cross regressions of cardiac interval and blood pressure is described.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗

PubMed1987

A microcomputer-based vision system for area measurement.

A vision system for measuring the area of an arbitrarily shaped object is described. The algorithm consists of a gray-level thresholding technique combined with a region correction procedure based on mathematical morphology. All processing steps are carried out on a microcomputer system equipped with a video digitizer. The algorithm has been successfully applied to a number of images of medical interest including skin wounds and various microscopic-scale objects such as cell cross-sections and multicellular tissues. Excellent agreement between results obtained by the automatic method and by using standard mechanical means has been established experimentally. The approach is demonstrated by a number of experimental examples.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1988

An integrated microcomputer system using immobilized cellular electrodes for drug screening.

Biosensors based on immobilized microbial cells were developed for drug screening in our laboratory. Compared with the conventional methods such as diffusion and dilution tests, biosensors have been demonstrated to be superior in sensitivity and require much shorter screening time. An integrated microcomputer system has been developed for data acquisition, database management, and mode of action estimation, which automates the screening processes and reduces the labor requirements significantly.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1988

A microcomputer-based, R-wave triggered system for hemodynamic measurements in the forearm.

A microcomputer (with 8088 or 80286 processor)-based, R-wave triggered system for on-line, semi-continuous measurement of blood flow of one or two limbs, simultaneous with heart rate and eventually intra-arterial blood pressure, is described. The minimal interval between measurements is approximately 4 s, allowing the accurate measurement of maximal flow after ischemia. When compared to hand-operated plethysmography, the use of this system improves the precision of the measurements, minimizes perturbations of the limb circulation and eliminates the possible bias of analysis by hand.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Microcomputer management of a vaccine trial.

A microcomputer system used for the management of a trial of rotavirus vaccine in The Gambia is described. This system facilitated call and recall of infants due for vaccination. The resulting compliance is reported and compared retrospectively with vaccination records in the same community.

Anthropometry↗