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PubMed2002

Operative delivery during labour: trends and predictive factors.

Monitoring operative delivery trends provides the opportunity to consider whether changes are in a direction that will achieve the best outcomes for mothers and their infants. The aims of this study were to identify trends in and predictors of operative delivery (forceps, vacuum or caesarean) among women who have labour; and to determine trends in the operative methods used. The study was based on 616 303 live, singleton, term births delivered between 1990 and 1997 in New South Wales, Australia. There was no change in the annual percentage of women who experienced labour and 20% had an operative birth during labour. The vacuum to forceps ratio declined from 1 : 6 in 1990 to 1 : 1 in 1997. Among women with labour, caesareans increased from 6.4% to 7.8%. For primiparae, the factors predictive of operative delivery (epidural analgesia, age > 34 years, induced or augmented labour and private care) did not change over time. A predictive model for multiparae did not have adequate fit, indicating the importance of data on prior birth history. Studies of trends in operative deliveries are most useful and consistent with decision making when interventions before the onset of labour and during labour are analysed separately. Furthermore, the vacuum:forceps ratio provides a useful tool for comparative analyses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The hazards of forceps: the viewpoint of the pediatrician and the obstetrician].

Neonatal and maternal complications observed after 410 forceps deliveries were retrospectively compared to those occurring after spontaneous vaginal delivery. Mild scalp and facial lesions as well as facial palsy were significantly increased in the forceps group. No severe maternal complications were observed. A short literature review was done, and other instrumental extractions were discussed.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Forceps-assisted vaginal delivery.

Operative vaginal delivery using forceps has been an important part of obstetric practice for nearly 400 years. Countless women and their children have benefited from timely and expertly performed procedures. Physicians must, therefore, make every effort to retain these skills, to modify and improve them in every possible way, and to pass them on. In this way, women and children of future generations will benefit from the many years of experience that have gone before them.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed2004

[Giving birth to medical instruments: forceps and pelvimeters among obstetricians of the 19th century in Mexico].

Up until the mid-19th century, Mexican obstetricians associated forceps and other surgical instruments with risky operations, considering them artefacts whose use was to be avoided at all cost. This article asks why by the century's end these same instruments had come to be seen as life-saving surgical utensils. To this end, I analyzed clinical narratives that defined the norms and practices of their use, discovering that although forceps were redefined by male-midwives' norms of prudence, they also introduced medically-based ideas of gender and race and attributed to Mexican women's pelvises a supposedly pathological nature.

Equipment and Supplies↗
PubMed2004

Dr Christian Kielland of Oslo (1871-1941) and his straight forceps.

Christian Kielland, a Norwegian obstetrician, published a description of his straight forceps in 1916. Although internationally recognised as a most valuable instrument for rotation of the fetal head, for many years his instrument received little appreciation in his own country.

Equipment Design↗