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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Endogenous sodium-potassium-chloride cotransport inhibitor in congestive heart failure.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the relation, if any, between fluid overload in congestive heart failure (CHF) and a newly discovered endogenous natriuretic factor acting like loop diuretic drugs: cotransport inhibitory factor (CIF). BACKGROUND: The humoral mechanisms regulating volume overload in CHF are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated whether there is a role for CIF in this pathologic condition. METHODS: Plasma and urinary CIF levels were investigated in 23 patients with chronic CHF and compared with changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Twelve patients without CHF served as control subjects. RESULTS: CHF was associated with a highly significant threefold increase in both plasma CIF levels (mean +/- SD 7.10 +/- 3.01 vs. 2.28 +/- 0.92 U/ml, p < 0.0001) and urinary CIF excretion (7,849 +/- 3,600 vs. 2,351 +/- 1,297 U/day, p < 0.0001) with respect to patients without CHF. CIF increased as a function of impairment in left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.703, p < 0.0001) and the severity of clinical status. Plasma ANP was also increased in patients with CHF, although to a lesser extent (68%, p = 0.0501) than plasma CIF, and was also significantly correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.552, p = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma and urinary CIF activities were strongly and very significantly increased in chronic CHF. In addition to ANP, this long-term natriuretic agent may be of potential importance in reducing fluid overload in CHF.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

The effect of intravenous infusion of hyperosmotic sodium and potassium chloride solutions on cephalic blood flow in conscious sheep.

The rate of flow of plasma and blood through the head of conscious sheep was measured before, during and after the intravenous infusion of 1 mol. 1(-1) NaCl and 1 mol. 1(-1) KCl at 0-8--1-0 ml. min-1 for 2 hours. The plasma flow was estimated by indicator-dilution technique using sodium para-aminohippurate which was shown to be a satisfactory indicator substance. Short periods of rumination were found to cause marked increases in cephalic blood flow. The infusion of hyperosmotic sodium chloride caused no consistent changes in the rates of cephalic plasma flow and blood flow. During potassium infusion plasma and blood flows increased as the plasma potassium concentration increased up to approximately 6 mmol.1(-1). Further increases in plasma potassium concentration were associated with a progressive return of these flow rates to or below the pre-infusion levels. This pattern of change in the rate of plasma flow through the head of the sheep was very similar to that previously reported for renal plasma flow during hyperkalaemia in conscious sheep. At its maximum the cephalic plasma flow was 1-163+/-0-029 (S.E. of mean) times the pre-infusion flow rate. Cephalic blood flow tended to reach maximum rates at slightly higher plasma potassium concentrations and thereafter, to fall more slowly than the plasma flow due to concomitant increases in haematocrit. Maximum cephalic blood flow was 1-176+/-0-032 times the pre-infusion flow rate. The lowest rates of cephalic plasma and blood flow occurred during the first 30 minutes following cessation of potassium infusion.

Animals↗

PubMed1960