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PubMed1988

[Influence of the oral administration of indigenous microorganisms on the resistance of mice to Salmonella infection].

The influence of the oral administration of killed bifidobacteria, lactobacteria, bacteroids and fusobacteria on the anti- Salmonella resistance of mice, infected orally with S. dublin, was studied. Bifidobacteria and lactobacteria were shown to produce a dose-dependent immunostimulating effect. The oral administration of killed bifidobacteria and lactobacteria led to the enhanced resistance of mice to Salmonella infection. The oral administration of killed bifidobacteria was conductive to the normalization of the intestinal microflora in dysbacteriosis developing in cases of Salmonella infection. Bacteroids and fusobacteria were found to possess no such effect.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

[Salmonella infection from turtles].

Small turtles are asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella. Infants are particularly at risk of clinical infection. We describe an eight months old boy who became sick with Salmonella. The family had two turtles. Salmonella Abony was found in faeces from the child and in samples from both turtles. Commercial distribution of reptiles is prohibited in Norway. However, illegal import from other countries where no such ban exist is common. There are an estimated 10,000 pet reptiles in the Oslo region, most of them are turtles. More than 90% of turtles may be carriers of Salmonella. Many owners of turtles are not aware of the risk of salmonellosis from their pets.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Development of a murine model of chronic Salmonella infection.

The invasive disease caused by Salmonella typhimurium in mice resembles the acute phase of human typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi, and experimental murine salmonellosis is a widely used experimental model for systemic salmonellosis. In this paper we demonstrate that murine S. typhimurium infection can also be used to model the development of the chronic carrier state that develops in humans after infection with S. typhi. We describe a virulent variant of S. typhimurium that has decreased expression of AgfA fibers under all environmental conditions studied and that causes a chronic carrier state in BALB/c mice after peroral inoculation. The chronic carrier state is associated with persistence of bacteria in the small intestine, spleen, and liver, and chronic infection continues despite the development of protective immunity to challenge with virulent Salmonella.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Pathogenesis of salmonella infections in humans].

The Public Health Laboratories in Germany have not only been isolating Salmonella species in general in increasing numbers during the last three years but observe especially a steep increase in the isolation rate of S. enteritidis. Epidemiological analyses indicate the involvement of chicken and eggs as frequent sources of the infectious agents. Although the clinical course of the disease in most cases is characterized by diarrhoea only, enteric fever and bacteremia do occur rather often. The latter applies especially to immunocompromised patients, to infants and to the elderly. The number of fatal cases is probably grossly underestimated because bacteriological tests are often not performed in old patients. The new epidemiological situation as well as the severe course of the disease in many cases lead physicians to strictly claim for food free of S. enteritidis.

Germany↗
PubMed2002

The role of lipopolysaccharide binding protein in resistance to Salmonella infections in mice.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and LPS-binding protein (LBP) are both components of the innate immune system. LBP is a plasma protein that binds to lipid A and enhances the biological activity of LPS 100- to 1000-fold. Recently it was reported that LBP-deficient mice are more susceptible to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Here we report that LBP KO mice are more susceptible to Salmonella peritonitis, but not to oral or i.v. infection. LBP knockout (KO) mice responded normally to i.p. injections of Staphylococcus aureus and casein, but not to i.p. injection of S. typhimurium or Salmonella LPS. Mice with a mutation in Toll-like receptor 4 (C3H/HeJ) have a similar defect in PMN chemotaxis. In normal mice S. typhimurium stimulated production of the CXC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, but levels of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 were greatly reduced in the LBP KO mice. LBP KO mice pretreated with casein to attract PMN in an LBP-independent manner were more resistant to Salmonella infection, but neutropenic mice were not protected by casein. Splenic TNF-alpha mRNA levels were also lower in LBP KO than in control mice infected with Salmonella. Since TNF-alpha can activate PMN, LBP KO mice may have both fewer and less active PMN in the first few hours after Salmonella are injected, making LBP KO mice more susceptible. This work confirms the importance of PMN in resistance to Salmonella infections and shows that this is facilitated by LBP.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗