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Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

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PubMed2002

Risks and wrongs in social science research. An evaluator's guide to the IRB.

Having an Institutional Review Board (IRB) review and monitor the use of human subjects is now fundamental to ethical research. Yet social scientists appear increasingly frustrated with the process. This article aims to assist evaluators struggling to understand and work with IRBs. The author theorizes why IRBs frustrate and insists there is only one remedy: We must accept the legitimacy of IRB review and (a) learn more about IRB regulations, imperatives, and the new pressures on them; and (b) educate IRBs about social scientific methodologies and empirically demonstrable risks. A research agenda and tips are offered.

Ethical Review↗
PubMed1991

The social science contribution to pharmacoepidemiology.

An understanding of the inappropriate use of pharmaceuticals (the prescribing of unnecessary or ineffective medications, and non-compliance by consumers) can be furthered by considering the psychological, social and cultural contexts in which medicines are used. The consumers are influenced by their beliefs about benefits, safety and cost; opinions of their social group; and emotions associated with taking the medication itself. Similar considerations apply to the prescribers or dispensers of the drugs, who are also influenced by the marketing and regulatory practices of their countries. A model of drug use which takes these factors into account can suggest various strategies to increase optimal pharmaceutical utilization. To date, these efforts have focused almost exclusively on the prescriber or manufacturer, and have had limited success. However, other, more effective techniques exist, which can modify the behavior of both of these groups, and of the consumers. A strategy of research in this area is outlined.

Attitude to Health↗