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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Vascular testicular tumors].

OBJECTIVES: The present study reviews vascular testicular tumors, a very rare pathology. To our knowledge, only 17 cases have been reported since 1921. METHODS/RESULTS: We describe a case of a 16-year-old male who consulted for a mass of sudden onset. Pathological examination disclosed a testicular angioma. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the advancements of the imaging techniques, there are no signs that indicate the nature of vascular testicular neoplasms. The good prognosis of these tumors underscores the importance of the anatomopathological differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Practice patterns of teaching testicular self-examination to adolescent patients.

Testicular self-examination has been proposed as a screening technique for the early detection of testicular neoplasms. Previous work suggests that few adolescent males have received instruction in the technique. We report the results of a physician survey to assess the frequency with which self-examination is taught and to identify the reasons why some physicians do not teach testicular self-examination. Only 17.5% of the physicians surveyed taught testicular self-examination to adolescent male patients on a routine basis. Eighty-two percent stated that they were unfamiliar with the technique or had not thought about it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Tumors of the testis. Correlations between echographic, macroscopic and histological features in 48 cases].

The authors retrospectively reviewed the ultrasonographic findings of 48 histologically confirmed testicular neoplasms in order to analyse the echomorphologic findings and identify any typical patterns. A wide spectrum of US features was observed for testicular tumors, corresponding to the different macromorphologic parenchymal textures of the various neoplasms. US was extremely useful for differentiating testicular tumors from non-neoplastic scrotal pathologies. US could neither distinguish the only benign lesion nor classify histologically malignant neoplasms. US was 100% accurate in the evaluation of testicular tumors, and allowed the identification of frequent typical patterns in some types of neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis and its adnexa: a report of five cases including three that accounted for the initial clinical presentation.

Five cases of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis or its adnexa are described, including 3 that represented the initial presentation and mimicked primary testicular neoplasms. The patients ranged from 46 to 85 years of age. Three presented with self-identified testicular masses. One patient was investigated because of fever of unknown origin and was found to have a left rib metastasis. Further work-up led to the discovery of a testicular mass. The final patient had a tumor of the spermatic cord that was examined without knowledge that he had a prior renal neoplasm. All the tumors were unilateral. They ranged from 1.8 to 5.0 cm; multiple tumor nodules were present in one of them but the others were discrete solitary masses. Four tumors were yellow/yellow-tan, and one was gray. On microscopic examination all the tumors were of the clear cell type. Patterns included solid sheets, acini, cysts, alveoli, and trabeculae. Two had prominent vascular invasion. Diagnoses initially entertained in these cases included Sertoli cell tumor, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, and clear cell cystadenoma of the epididymis. In 3 cases a kidney tumor was discovered 2 to 4 weeks after the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis was rendered. On follow-up two patients died of tumor, and two were alive (5 months and 1 year) after orchiectomy. The diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis should be considered in evaluating a clear cell tumor of the testis, particularly in an older male or if the appearance suggests a Sertoli cell tumor. The differences in survival between metastatic renal cell carcinoma and sex cord-stromal tumors indicate the importance of considering the former in the differential.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: the role of the endocrine surgeon.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by varying degrees of feminization secondary to androgen receptor insensitivity. We report a case of a 34-year-old female with complete androgen insensitivity who presented with a history of primary amenorrhea and two intra-abdominal gonads found on CT scan. The patient underwent successful laparoscopic bilateral gonadectomy without complications. AIS is present in 1:20,000 to 64,000 males; complete androgen insensitivity is seen in 2-5:100,000 phenotypic females and should therefore be considered in any otherwise healthy female with abnormal pubertal development and infertility. Although controversial, most endocrinologists agree that gonadectomy may be performed after puberty with minimal risk of testicular neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pregnancy following in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved semen from a man with testicular teratoma.

Semen for cryopreservation was collected in a man with a testicular teratoma after unilateral orchidectomy but before chemotherapy which rendered him azoospermic. After two years artificial insemination using this semen in his wife failed repeatedly. The semen quality on thawing was extremely poor in terms of sperm motility. A pre-freeze motility of 90 per cent was reduced to 2 per cent, and the movement was graded as sluggish. Using the techniques of semen and oocyte preparation and in vitro fertilization, a number of cleaving embryos was produced. A pregnancy was established after four of these embryos were replaced in the wife. The pregnancy aborted spontaneously, but a subsequent course of treatment resulted in an on-going twin pregnancy. The potential of in vitro fertilization for overcoming the poor quality of semen after storage by cryopreservation from men with testicular neoplasms is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Intrascrotal inflammatory pseudotumor (a case report)].

We report one case of intrascrotal inflammatory tumour in a 12 year-old boy. The clinical symptomatology was a tumoral rise in the right scrotal volume. The rate of biological markers was normal. A testicular neoplasm was highly suspected in scrotal ultrasound and CT scan. A radical orchidectomy was accomplished and histological examination revealed a peritesticular inflammatory tumor without neoplasm. The clinical and imaging findings of the tumor are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Seminoma in a 31-year-old patient on long-term growth hormone therapy.

We describe a Caucasian male patient aged 31, who was referred to the Institute of Reproductive Medicine because of infertility and androgen deficiency and in whom we incidentally diagnosed a unilateral testicular tumor. The patient had received growth hormone (GH) since the age of 8 years. One case presenting with testicular neoplasm under growth hormone substitution has been described previously. In conclusion, it cannot be ruled out that GH treatment may be involved in the pathogenesis of germ cell tumor development. Special care should be exercised when patients with a history of maldescended testes require GH substitution. This care should include regular testicular ultrasonography at e.g. half-yearly intervals since sonography may detect testicular tumors long before they become clinically apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Gynaecomastia.

Gynaecomastia is the commonest benign condition of the male breast. Management consists primarily of taking a complete history and making a thorough clinical examination. Ultrasound is recommended as the first-line imaging investigation although mammography may be added to confirm the diagnosis. The results of fine-needle aspiration cytology may be poor as an adequate yield of pathological specimens is low, and it should be reserved for suspected malignant lesions. Endocrine evaluation of gynaecomastia is rarely productive and such testing is best done selectively. Many patients can be treated simply with reassurance about the benign nature of the condition. In those patients in whom a stimulus has been identified modification of treatment may improve symptoms. Hormonal manipulation may be appropriate in younger patients, but a testicular neoplasm must be excluded. Operations should be reserved for those who fail to respond to hormones and in those with severe cosmetic deformities.

Breast↗
PubMed1983

[A new simple procedure for immersion sonography of the scrotal contents in real time technic. II: contribution to the differential diagnosis of diseases of the scrotal contents].

In this communication the experiences obtained in 221 patients with a newly developed immersion method for scrotal sonography are analysed. The specific criteria for testicular neoplasms are derived from 22 patients with 100% true-positive diagnosis. In this context, the diagnostic difficulties in defining and identifying the benignity of an affection are discussed. The typical sonographic alterations of scrotal structures in diseases like epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis, spermatocele, varicocele and trauma are also described. An approach to calculating the testicular volume and hydrocele volume is given. The increase in diagnostic reliability makes this method suitable for pre-invasive diagnosis. The simple and non-hazardous procedure can be recommended as a routine method.

Epididymitis↗
PubMed1994

Seminomas of the canine testis. Counterpart of spermatocytic seminoma of men?

BACKGROUND: Dogs develop germ cell tumors of the testis at a relatively high rate. It is not known to what degree these tumors resemble various human testicular neoplasms. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The epidemiology and morphology of a series of spontaneous canine testicular tumors, collected between 1985 and 1991, was analyzed, and compared with human testicular germ cell tumors. DNA content analysis of representative samples was performed using flow cytometry and image cytometry. Eight human spermatocytic seminomas were studied in parallel. RESULTS: All canine tumors had the histopathologic features reported as typical for dog testis seminomas. These tumors could show both an intratubular and an invasive component. Most of them were pure (78%), while they could be combined with a Leydig cell tumor, a Sertoli cell tumor, or both. No somatic, placental or yolk sac cells were identified, and there was no carcinoma in situ (CIS). A bimodal age distribution, with a peak around 1 year of age and between 4 and 16 years of age, was found for all pure and mixed testicular tumors, except for those composed of a Leydig cell and a seminoma component. These tumors were all present in dogs older than 7 years, being significantly more older (p < 0.01) than dogs with a pure tumor of either type. All Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors were diploid. No consistent peritriploid DNA content, characteristic of human testicular germ cell tumors, was found for canine seminomas, which most often had a diploid DNA content. Human spermatocytic seminomas always contained diploid tumor cells, and showed a relatively low number of high ploidy cells, comparable to canine seminomas of the testis. CONCLUSIONS: The so-called seminomas of the testis are tumors of old age. Histologically, these tumors are composed of a single cell type with some variation without evidence of differentiation. It is proposed that canine seminoma correspond to human spermatocytic seminomas. It is thought that the Leydig elements in these tumors represent a reactive change rather than biphasic differentiation of a single stem cell capable of germinal and sex-cord cell development.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The value of scrotal ultrasound in patients with suspected testicular tumour.

A prospective study was designed to assess the value of scrotal ultrasound in the diagnosis of testicular neoplasm. Comparison of findings yielded by ultrasound with those made on surgical exploration of the scrotal contents in 56 patients showed a sensitivity of 94.6%, specificity of 57.9% and an overall accuracy of ultrasound of 82.1%. While capable of distinguishing intra- from extratesticular structure, scrotal ultrasound is not specific enough to differentiate a tumour from benign diseases involving testicular parenchyma. Still, it may add new information to the clinical examination of the scrotum, and reduce the number of probatory surgical procedures in patients with the finding of an intrascrotal mass. This paper describes the ultrasound pictures of a normal testis, testicular tumours and extratesticular disease that are most often considered in the differential diagnosis of testicular tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Do environmental factors play a role in the aetiology of carcinoma in situ testis and the testicular dysgenesis syndrome?

The hypothesis of the Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome (TDS), first suggested in 2001, propose that several disorders of the male reproductive system such as infertility, hypospadias, cryptorchidism and testicular cancer are all symptoms of TDS, which is most likely initiated during early foetal development, and may be provoked by external factors such as endocrine disruptors in addition to genetic predisposition. Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs), considered the most severe symptom of TDS, have increased in incidence during the last 60 years, to become the most common malignancy in young Caucasian men aged 17-45 years. TGCTs of young men originate from carcinoma in situ (CIS) cells. In the last few years, progress has been made identifying candidate genes involved in the neoplastic development of CIS, which may elucidate the timing of the initiation of CIS, currently thought to originate in foetal life from primordial germ cells or early gonocytes. Histological dysgenetic features are frequently seen in testes affected with the TDS components testis cancer or cryptorchidism. A TDS-like phenotype can be induced in male rats by in utero exposure to high concentrations of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) suggesting that ubiquitously present environmental endocrine disruptors may play a role in the aetiology of human TDS. So far, no animal model has been able to mimick all the symptoms of TDS including TGCTs although CIS-like cells have been found in a spontaneous testicular neoplasm in a rabbit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Testicular cancer presenting as acute scrotum].

Acute scrotum is a condition which often causes diagnostic difficulties despite all the available investigation methods. Ruling out or confirming torsion of the testis is the main problem in most cases. Other more rare conditions, however, need acute exploration such as illustrated in this case report, where the sudden bleeding in a testicular neoplasm caused severe acute symptoms. The tumor may not necessarily be clearly apparent during surgery. Peroperative analysis of a specimen of testis tissue is therefore recommended in such cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Sertoli cell tumor. Case report].

A case of Sertoli cell tumor is described. It represents 1% of testicular neoplasms. Its clinical features, histology, histogenesis and treatment on the basis of the current literature are reported. The malignant potential of this kind of tumor is also stressed.

Adult↗