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PubMedDate not supplied

Non carious cervical lesions. A review.

Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) are characterized by a loss of hard dental tissue near the cement-enamel-junction. Commonly, their shape is like a wedge with the apex pointing inwards. Other times, they appear as regular depressions, like a dome or a cup. Their main characteristic is the presence of hard-mineralized tissue. According to the literature, the prevalence of cervical lesions is 85%, while their incidence is about 18% among permanent teeth. NCCL are currently classified as erosion, abrasion, or abfraction. Their etiology seems to be related to different factors: hexogen and endogen acids, mechanical abrasive action, tooth flexion under axial and non-axial loads. Moreover, it seems that a fundamental role is ascribable to tooth bending phenomena due to the strength components parallel or oblique to the occlusal level, which occur during the normal function as well as during parafunctions. The frequent therapeutic failures are probably due to the same factors causing the onset of the original lesion. Several materials have been proposed to restore NCCL: amalgam (abandoned), glass-ionomer cements, compomers, and composite resins. Early failures of these restorations have often been reported in the literature, probably due to the same factors which originally caused the lesions. Further investigations are required to determine more reliable restorative therapies.

Compomers↗
PubMed1997

[Tooth wear. Classification and terminology].

Tooth wear rarely occurs as a result of one factor alone. Non-carious loss of tooth tissue can be subdivided into attrition, demastication, abrasion, fractionation, and erosion. Clinically, the tooth tissue loss may result from any combination of these types of wear. The first essential principle in the management of tooth wear is, as far as possible, to remove the cause. Secondly, restoration may be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Influence of drinking method on tooth-surface pH in relation to dental erosion.

The aim of this investigation was to study the intraoral pH response on tooth surfaces in relation to dental erosion during and after drinking a sugar-free cola-type soft drink. Six different methods of drinking were tested in a randomized order: holding; short-sipping; long-sipping; gulping; nipping; and sucking. Two methods of pH measurement were used in two series of individuals. In the first series, pH was measured by using the microtouch method in 12 healthy adults at three dental erosion-prone sites: 11 palatally; 11 buccally; and at the mesiobuccal cusp tip of 16. In the second series, pH was measured by using the telemetric method in 6 healthy individuals, producing continuous recordings of pH by means of a glass electrode in a specified approximal area. The two series showed similar results, although the telemetric method generally recorded larger pH falls. Holding the drink in the mouth before swallowing led to the most pronounced pH drop, followed by the long-sipping method. Gulping resulted in only a small decrease of pH. No differences among the three intraoral sites were found when analyzed by using the microtouch method. The conclusion from this study is that the drinking method strongly affects tooth-surface pH and thereby the risk for dental erosion. It therefore seems appropriate to include advice on the method of drinking in dietary counseling related to dental erosion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Occupational exposure to airborne proteolytic enzymes and lifestyle risk factors for dental erosion--a cross-sectional study.

This study examined the hypothesis that occupational exposure to airborne proteolytic enzymes is associated with dental erosions on the facial surfaces of exposed teeth. Individuals (n = 425) working at a pharmaceutical and biotechnological enterprise (Novozymes A/S) were examined; their mean age was 35 years (range = 18-67 years) and 143 (34%) were women. Two hundred and two of these individuals were newly employed by the company. Occupational exposure was assessed from questionnaire and workplace information. For practical analytical purposes, individuals were categorized as either previously exposed to proteolytic enzymes or not. Information on relevant lifestyle factors and medical history was obtained from a questionnaire. The main effect measure was facial erosion, but lingual erosion indices and the presence of Class V restorations were also considered. The validity of these measures was shown to be very high. Adjusted for potential confounders, there was no association between history of occupational exposure to proteolytic enzymes and prevalent facial or lingual erosion. With respect to prevalence of Class V restorations, the association was significant. The present study did not support directly our primary hypothesis that occupational exposure to airborne proteolytic enzymes is associated with dental erosions on the facial surfaces of exposed teeth. However, the results indicate that exposure to proteolytic enzymes may lead to pronounced tooth substance loss, demanding treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Sports drinks and dental erosion.

PURPOSE: To discuss the composition and rationale for the use of sports drinks along with recent studies investigating the relationship between sports drinks and dental erosion. METHODS: A review of the literature of sports drinks and dental erosion was done. RESULTS: For most athletes and individuals engaged in physical activity, the use of sports drinks does not provide a benefit over water. Furthermore, although there is much in vitro evidence that acidic drinks such as wine, fruit juices and carbonated soft drinks have erosive potential and there are relationships between consumption of these drinks and erosion, only one study has reported an association between sports drinks and dental erosion. Other factors such as drinking habit and salivary production may be more important determinants of dental erosion.

Beverages↗
PubMed2005

Dental erosion due to wine consumption.

BACKGROUND: Dental erosions can result from numerous causes, but extrinsic dietary factors are the most common. Because of wine's acidity, it may have a deleterious effect on teeth. Its use must be considered during an evaluation of erosive dental changes. CASE DESCRIPTION: The author examined a 56-year-old woman because her referring dentist had noted extensive erosive loss of tooth structure, mainly enamel. The author eliminated the usual causes of dental erosion. It was only after a detailed history was obtained and dietary investigation was undertaken that the author determined that the amount, manner and timing of the patient's wine drinking was the cause of the problem. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Dentists should be aware that wine could be a cause of dental erosion. Early recognition negates progressive dental damage with its need for extensive dental restoration. Furthermore, because patients with wine-incited dental erosions consume large volumes of wine with its significant alcohol content, medical referral by the dentist for a liver assessment is indicated.

Dental Enamel Solubility↗
PubMed1996

The relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion.

It is well known that acid regurgitated from the stomach into the mouth will erode teeth. Conditions such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, chronic alcoholism and gastric disturbances cause palatal dental erosion. The common factor in these conditions is the role played by the stomach and oesophagus in the acid movement. Acid moving through the lower oesophageal sphincter into the oesophagus is described as gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR). In some patients the acid movement becomes chronic, painful and requires treatment and is termed gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). It is felt by many gastroenterologists that GORD is a failure of the anti-reflux mechanism, which is predominantly controlled by the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS). Regurgitation is the reflux of gastric juice through the upper oesophageal sphincter and into the oral cavity. Once the acid has reached the mouth the potential exists for damage to the teeth. This paper reviews the role of GOR, GORD and regurgitation in the aetiology of dental erosion.

Esophagogastric Junction↗