Population distribution and development: implications for policy decisions.
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"This paper reviews the literature on the nature and extent of interrelations among cities in advanced industrial societies. It summarizes contemporary population distribution and redistribution trends in these societies and their causes. Finally, it attempts to identify some of the most important issues for the development of a comparative theory of urbanization."
"In this article, an attempt is made to account for certain trends in the growth and distribution of the population, and in the structuring of living space in the metropolitan zone of Mexico City.... Among the important conclusions of this essay are those having to do with the huge growth of some political-administrative units and the relation of this phenomenon to the practices followed by private realtors, often articulated with the policies and programs set by the State's housing agencies, as well as those that associate urban growth and expansion with the development of habitational spaces within the so-called 'formal' and 'informal' housing sectors." Data are from Mexican censuses and other official sources. (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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A review of the geographic distribution of the 5 million foreigners resident primarily in the urban areas of the Federal Republic of Germany is presented. "Economic trend surface and mixed space-time interaction models were chosen to analyse the changing distribution from 1964 to 1981." The results suggest that the settlement of foreigners in the 1960s was primarily influenced by job opportunities, whereas immigrants in the 1970s were more spatially diffused down the urban hierarchy. In 1981, "first-order spatial and temporal interaction or contagion effects are significant in determining the settlement pattern. The general south to north latitudinal settlement trend is weakening over time as migration responds less to distance (intervening opportunity) and more to local economic factors, immigration legislation, family reunification, and local contagion effects." (summary in FRE, GER)
"The concept of the city size distribution is criticized for its lack of consideration of the effects of interurban interdependencies on the growth of cities. Theoretical justifications for the rank-size relationship have the same shortcomings, and an empirical study reveals that there is little correlation between deviations from rank-size distributions and national economic and social characteristics. Thus arguments suggesting a close correspondence between city size distributions and the level of development of a country, irrespective of intranational variations in city location and socioeconomic characteristics, seem to have little foundation." (summary in FRE, ITA, JPN, )
"The author presents an informative synthesis of...recent data about the Arequipa region [of Peru. The study]...highlights rapid demographic growth (3.1%), explained by high rates of fertility and migration. There is also data about age structure, fertility and mortality. The region shows a high degree of urbanization (75%) and a great dispersion of the rural population." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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"This paper examines and assesses the changes in the population density pattern in the city of Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia where the city has undergone dramatic changes in its physical as well as its social structure. Analysis of data revealed a decline in population density at an exponential rate from the city center with variation between city sectors and zones. The city's rapid horizontal expansion and dispersal of population is the result of factors such as increases in city population and in size and number of single family dwellings, widening of streets, rise in income and residential mobility rates, mass use of automobiles, change in family size, zoning regulations, leapfrogging, and huge governmental city development projects."
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