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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

[Discussion and preliminary application on standard for comprehensive efficacy assessment of traditional Chinese medicine in treating malignant tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a comprehensive efficacy assessment standard on premise of patients' survival period and referring to the response of tumor and host to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy. METHODS: A standard was established by taking change of tumor size, tumor related symptoms, Karnofsky scoring and body weight of patient as criteria for evaluation. The standard was used to evaluate the comprehensive effect on advanced tumor patients, received various therapeutic regimen of TCM treatment in Xiyuan Hospital from March 1997 to August 1998, and compared with that evaluated by objective response rate (RR) of tumor. RESULTS: By the new standard, comprehensive therapeutic effect of 55 advanced tumor patients was: effective in 17 cases (30.91%), stable in 10 (18.18%) and exacerbative in 28 (50.91%), while by RR, it was completely response in 0, partial response in 3 (5.45%), no change in 41 (74.55%) and progressive disease in 11 (20.00%). Results of evaluation made by the two standard was different significantly, P < 0.005. The median survival period of 18 cases of advanced lung carcinoma patients was 11.5 months. Patients survived longer than the median survival period, mostly were tumor-bearing survival, were attributed to no change by RR, but were listed as effective by the new standard. CONCLUSION: The new standard laid more stress on quality of life than the RR, it reflects better response of tumor and host to treatment, and the prognosis of patients, and associated with the survival period, therefore, it could be conducted as the standard for comprehensive efficacy assessment in treating advanced malignant tumor in clinical practice after further improving.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Comprehensive restaging laparotomy in women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the yield and morbidity of comprehensive restaging laparotomy in women with presumed early ovarian carcinoma who have undergone incomplete initial staging procedures. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 30 women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma who underwent a comprehensive restaging laparotomy including multiple random intraperitoneal biopsies and selective pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy before receiving adjuvant therapy. Positive findings were compared with clinicopathologic features. RESULTS: Only 17% of patients had adequate skin incisions, 53% had pelvic washings, and 37% had omental biopsy at primary surgery. Complications of restaging laparotomy included 53% severe adhesions, 20% bowel complications, and 20% vascular complications requiring suture. Nine patients (30%) had disease upstaged and six (20%) had stage III disease established by comprehensive restaging laparotomy. Two-thirds of the upstaged patients had occult metastases identified only through cytology, random peritoneal biopsies, or selective lymphadenectomy. Women with poorly differentiated or papillary serous lesions were more likely to have disease upstaged than those with well- and moderately differentiated lesions or other histologic types (P < .05). Other clinicopathologic features did not predict upstaging. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive staging laparotomy is needed to detect occult metastatic disease in women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Use of comprehensive geriatric assessment techniques by community physicians.

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that comprehensive assessment techniques have several clinical benefits for geriatric patients. The purpose of this study was to determine how frequently community practitioners used comprehensive geriatric assessment techniques to identify factors related to use of those techniques. METHODS: The study group included 54% of the 100 community-based family physician preceptors who participate in the University of Mississippi's family medicine training programs. On-site interviews were conducted in each physician's office to measure the percentage of physicians who performed comprehensive geriatric assessment. RESULTS: The majority of physicians employed some selected age-related assessment techniques, but less than 25% performed functional assessment techniques considered unique to the geriatric patient, such as mental status assessment and evaluation of activities of daily living. Most physicians' personal and practice characteristics were unrelated to the use of assessment techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Although many physicians use some techniques of geriatric assessment, most practicing physicians do not perform comprehensive assessment of geriatric patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Comprehensive therapy for primary liver cancer: a report of 607 cases].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Progress has been made in the field of early detection and early treatment of primary liver cancer (PLC), but many PLC patients remain unresectable, because their tumors are advanced or coexist with liver cirrhosis. Even if the tumor can be resected, the recurrent rate is more than 60%. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of comprehensive therapy of PLC to improve the outcome. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 607 patients with PLC received comprehensive treatment in Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University from 1985 to 2001. Among them, 423 cases were treated with various modes of hepatectomy: 134 with irregular hepatectomy, 95 with local radical resection, 123 with regular liver lobectomy or liver segment resection, 54 with semi-hepatectomy or more, 17 with hepatectomy combined with section of other organ. The other 184 nonresectable cases were treated with various combinations of therapy, such as ligation of hepatic artery, microwave coagulation, inter tumor injection of ethanol, cryosurgery, radio-frequency (RF), and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. RESULTS: 69.7%(423/607) of the whole group received liver resection, the overall mortality rate within one month after operation was 1.2%(5/423), and the 3-, 5-, 10-year survival rates were 42.7%(218/511), 37.5%(123/328), and 26.5%(26/98), respectively. For the resection group,the 3-, 5-, 10-year survival rates were 57.2%(203/355), 51.3%(118/230), and 35.3%(24/68), respectively. For the nonresectable group, the 3-, 5-, 10-year survival rates were 9.6%(15/156), 5.1%(5/98), and 6.7%(2/30), respectively. CONCLUSION: Surgery-predominant comprehensive therapy is effective modality for resectable PLC. Postoperative individualized comprehensive treatment can prevent tumor recurrence and improve postoperative effect.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography in food analysis.

Comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) chromatographic techniques can be considered innovative methods, only quite recently developed. Since their introduction to the chromatographic community, these techniques have been used in several fields and have gained an excellent reputation as valuable and powerful analytical tools. The revolutionary aspect of comprehensive multidimensional (MD) techniques, in respect to classical MD chromatography, is that the entire sample is subjected to the 2D advantage. The resulting unprecedented separating capacity makes these approaches prime choices when analysts are challenged with highly complex mixtures. Furthermore, in the case of automated systems, instrumental analysis times are roughly the same as in monodimensional applications. The present review reports various comprehensive chromatographic applications on different food matrices. The GC x GC section highlights two fundamental aspects for component separation/identification: the exceptional peak capacity and the formation of group types on the 2D space plane. The LC x LC section reports the employment in food analysis of a recently developed multidimensional normal-phase (NP)-reversed-phase (RP) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Also reported are comprehensive LC x GC and packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (pSFC x pSFC) applications in this field.

Chromatography, Gas↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical trial and evaluation on comprehensive treatment on attack in acute stage: report of 522 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of the comprehensive treatment to acute stage of attack. METHODS: On the basis of the previous observation, the study of the randomization control with general treatment, treatment on acupuncture and western medical treatment were carried out. A comprehensive treatment on overall traditional Chinese medical differentiation according to the superiority of every treatment was assessed and evaluated in 522 patients with attack. RESULTS: The comprehensive treatment of cerebral infarction was superior to the western medicine treatment. General treatment, treatment on traditional Chinese medical differentiation, acupuncture group revealed different improvement on neural function, daily viability, cognitive function in various extent. CONCLUSION: The comprehensive treatment that based on overall traditional Chinese medical differentiation has advantage and characteristic. It has positive combined action to the attack and relevant to clinical setting, easier to popularization and application. Various appraising amount form has different evaluating effects in different stage.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed2005

[Comprehensive evaluation on the quality of life among rural elderly population in Anhui province].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of multi-dimensional and comprehensive evaluation on the quality of life among rural elderly population in Anhui province. METHODS: 5652 rural elderly people aged above 65 in Anhui province were selected by cluster sampling method and were studied by cross-sectional study through a questionnaire on health information. The quality of life was evaluated by comprehensive evaluation method. RESULTS: The total score of satisfactory quality of life in the studied rural elderly people was 0.1432 +/- 0.5170, while not satisfied was -0.2521 +/- 0.6081, with significant difference between the two groups (F = 666.221, P < 0.0001). There was positive correlation between subjective satisfaction and total score of quality of life, with r(s) = 0.345 (P < 0.0001). The results of logistic regression analysis between comprehensive index of quality of life and subjective satisfaction indicated that filial piety, income, sleeping condition, chronic disease, nutrition status, economic dominance in the family, amusement activities etc. were important factors influencing the quality of life. CONCLUSION: It was feasible to evaluation on the quality of life by comprehensive evaluation method.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2005

[Comprehensive staging surgery in treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of comprehensive staging surgery on relapse and survival of malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT). METHODS: The clinical data of 127 MOGCT cases treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 1980 to June 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. All the data about comprehensive staging surgery during primary surgery were collected, and other factors related to prognosis were also collected at the same time. COX model was applied in multivariate analysis related to relapse and survival. RESULTS: Among 127 patients, 45 (35.4%) received comprehensive staging surgery. Seventy-one cases (55.9%) received satisfied cytoreduction with residual tumor < 2 cm, 11 cases (8.7%) with residual tumor > or = 2 cm, and another 45 cases (35.4%) were undetermined. Seventy-five cases (59.1%) received cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (BEP) or cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB) chemotherapy, 18 cases (14.2%) received vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide (VAC) chemotherapy, and 34 cases (26.8%) received other regimens or no chemotherapy. During the follow up period, 7 of 45 patients relapsed in patients who received compressive staging surgery, while the latter was not a significant factor (P = 0.061). Chemotherapy regimen and residual tumor were the significant factors related to the relapse (P < 0.05). All the patients were followed up for 2-254 months. Chemotherapy regimen and residual tumor were also the significant factors related to survival (P < 0.05). Compressive staging surgery showed no significant effect on survival (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The critical treatment for MOGCT is satisfactory cytoreduction surgery plus standard chemotherapy. Comprehensive staging surgery shows no significant impact on the prognosis of MOGCT patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Evaluating comprehensive quality of sediment in Dianchi Lake using adjusted AHP method and 137Cs dating].

It is difficult to evaluate comprehensive quality of sediment and to understand development trend of pollution because of absence of monitoring data, especially history data. Combining the method of 137Cs dating with the ways of general sampling and measurement can easily resolve the problem of absence of data and also provide the possibility for calculating weighted environmental quality comprehensive index using the adjusted analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. In order to overcome the willfulness the judgment matrix is formed objectively based on calculating monitoring data. Based on the monitoring data of sediment pollution and the weights of various factors gained by adjusted AHP method the comprehensive quality of sediment in each zone of Dianchi Lake was evaluated and the results indicated that the pollution of sediments in each zone at the present be serious more than that in the history. The condition may be related to the industrial development and distribution of industries in Dianchi Lake basin. Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive quality of sediment in Dianchi Lake and to prevent the secondary pollution of heavy metals in sediment from happening, it is necessary to control the pollutants discharge and to remove the pollutants with various ways.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗

PubMed1990

Comprehension of defense mechanisms in emotionally disturbed adolescents.

The comprehension of defence mechanisms may constitute a productive assessment domain in working with emotionally disturbed adolescents. The development of comprehension of defence mechanisms was compared in two age groups of 39 emotionally disturbed and 39 nondisturbed adolescents. Results indicated that the level of comprehension varied as a function of clinical group and age level for understanding specific types of defense mechanisms. A principal component analysis revealed three types of mechanisms: self-oriented, other-oriented, and situation-oriented defenses. Differences in comprehension of self-oriented defenses were evident in a group by age interaction, whereas other-oriented defenses were associated with age differences only. Implications of the findings for clinical and educational interventions with emotionally disturbed youngsters are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Revealing hidden competencies: a new method for studying language comprehension in children with motor impairments.

Pilot work on a new method to assess language comprehension in children with motor impairments was presented. The paradigm is based on the premise that children will prefer to watch a video event that matches a linguistic stimulus rather than an event that does not match the linguistic stimulus. Two experiments, one on noun comprehension and one on verb comprehension, were conducted on young children having cerebral palsy and other neurological pathology associated with motor deficits. The potential advantages of this method over existing methods to assess language comprehension in handicapped as well as nonhandicapped populations were described.

Aptitude↗

PubMed1983

Differential effects of oral reading to improve comprehension with severe learning disabled and educable mentally handicapped students.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral reading as a teaching technique for improving reading comprehension of 11 Educable Mentally Handicapped or Severe Learning Disabled adolescents. Students were tested on their ability to answer comprehension questions from a short factual article. Comprehension improved following the oral reading for students with a reading grade equivalent of less than 5.5 (measured from the Wide Range Achievement Test) but not for those students having a grade equivalent of greater than 5.5. This association was statistically significant (p = less than .01). Oral reading appeared to improve comprehension among the poorer readers but not for readers with moderately high ability.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Obsessive compulsive patients with comorbid personality disorder: associated problems and response to a comprehensive behavior therapy.

BACKGROUND: The present study examined a group of patients who have obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and certain comorbid personality disorders to provide data on types of clinical problems that complicate treatment. Data are presented on patient response to a comprehensive behavior therapy. METHOD: Forty-one consecutively referred, adult, nonpsychotic patients with OCD were evaluated independently by their attending psychiatrist and a consulting psychologist for presence of DSM-III-R personality disorder. Thirty-one of these patients, for whom there was 100% agreement on presence or absence of a comorbid personality disorder, participated in a course of comprehensive behavior therapy. OCD patients with comorbid personality disorder (OCD+PD) were compared with a group of OCD patients without comorbid personality disorder (nonPD OCD) on pretreatment and treatment-related variables. RESULTS: There was significantly high interrater reliability between psychiatrist and psychologist on diagnosis of personality disorder (p < .001). OCD+PD patients demonstrated poorer response to prior psychiatric treatments and greater psychosocial and psychiatric impairment at pretreatment than did nonPD OCD patients. The OCD+PD patients demonstrated a moderate response to comprehensive behavior therapy, but below that of nonPD OCD patients. OCD+PD patients were also rated as more difficult to treat, required more psychiatric hospitalizations during treatment, and were more likely to terminate behavior therapy prematurely than were nonPD OCD patients. CONCLUSION: In modest samples of OCD+PD patients (N = 26), and nonPD OCD patients (N = 5), this study found that OCD patients with personality disorder had greater psychopathology, fewer coping and living skills, and were more resistant to psychiatric treatment than the nonPD OCD patients. In addition, when treated with a comprehensive behavior therapy that focuses on other clinical problems in addition to the OCD symptoms, the OCD+PD patients had an enhanced response to treatment.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1996

Phonemic support in comprehension: comparisons between children with and without mild mental retardation.

Whether children with and without mild mental retardation matched on word recognition skills rely similarly on phonemic processes during comprehension was examined. In a word memory task, children with mental retardation showed no decrement in performance with phonemically similar word lists, whereas children without mental retardation recalled fewer words from lists containing phonemically similar words. In a listening comprehension task, both groups evidenced similar decreases in accuracy when sentences contained phonemically similar words. In a reading comprehension task, although neither group evidenced effects of phonemic similarity, children with mental retardation read more slowly overall. Results suggest that ineffective use of phonemic coding in working memory may contribute to comprehension difficulties of children with mental retardation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Relation between defect in comprehension and frontal lobe lesion].

We assessed anatomical findings and language defects in 14 right handed patients who had fluent aphasia following left frontal lobe lesion. From the onset of aphasia all of the patients showed fluent speech and excellent repetition but difficulty in word finding and impairment in language comprehension. We administered to all of the patients the Western Aphasia Battery, a 50-item pointing task using line drawings representing single words selected from among common Japanese words for language training for aphasics, and the Token Test. Anatomical analysis was performed using brain CT and/or MRI. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of the extent of impairment in comprehension of single words: one group showed no impairment, another showed slight impairment and the other showed severe impairment. The lesion site differed among the groups. Each group had a different lesion site. We concluded the following: first, lesions in Brodmann's areas 6 and 9 produce impairment in comprehension of single words, with lesions extending to anterior to Broca's area producing more impairment than those without the extending lesions. Second, lesions in the frontal lobe produce impairment in comprehension of complex sentences.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Differential language comprehension disorders: results of an explorative study].

OBJECTIVES: Deficits in the expressive language abilities of children are easily observed. Thus these children usually are detected early and receive appropriate professional help. Receptive language abilities are much more difficult to assess, so that deficits either go unnoticed or often are not treated early. METHODS: In a population of 100 children examined between 1993 and 1995 in the outpatient department for speech, language and behavior problems at the Heckscher Klinik in Munich-Solln and diagnosed as having clinically relevant deficits in language comprehension, we determined the ICD-10 diagnostic category into which the symptom "language comprehension deficit" would best fit. RESULTS: 16 children exhibited language comprehension deficits that were part of a general mental retardation, three other children were diagnosed as having a pervasive developmental disorder. 81 children fulfilled the clinical ICD-10 criteria of a specific receptive language disorder, often in combination with a hyperkinetic syndrome or an emotional disorder. For 42 of these children this diagnosis also was confirmed by test results showing a discrepancy of one standard deviation between the language comprehension test and the non-verbal IQ. The value of language tests for the diagnosis of specific developmental speech and language disorders is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

The on-line study of sentence comprehension: an examination of dual task paradigms.

This paper presents three studies which examine the susceptibility of sentence comprehension to intrusion by extra-sentential probe words in two on-line dual-task techniques commonly used to study sentence processing: the cross-modal lexical priming paradigm and the unimodal all-visual lexical priming paradigm. It provides both a general review and a direct empirical examination of the effects of task-demand in the on-line study of sentence comprehension. In all three studies, sentential materials were presented to participants together with a target probe word which constituted either a better or a worse continuation of the sentence at a point at which it was presented. Materials were identical for all three studies. The manner of presentation of the sentence materials was, however, manipulated; presentation was either visual, auditory (normal rate) or auditory (slow rate). The results demonstrate that a technique in which a visual target probe interrupts ongoing sentence processing (such as occurs in unimodal visual presentation and in very slow auditory sentence presentation) encourages the integration of the probe word into the on-going sentence. Thus, when using such 'sentence interrupting' techniques, additional care to equate probes is necessary. Importantly, however, the results provide strong evidence that the standard use of fluent cross-modality sentence investigation methods are immune from such external probe word intrusions into ongoing sentence processing and are thus accurately reflect underlying comprehension processes.

Affect↗

PubMed2004

Handedness, hemispheric asymmetries, and joke comprehension.

To address the impact of differences in language lateralization on joke comprehension, event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded as 16 left- and 16 right-handed adults read one-line jokes and non-funny control stimuli ("A replacement player hit a home run with my girl/ball,"). In right-handers, jokes elicited a late positivity 500-900 ms post-stimulus onset that was largest over right hemisphere (RH) centro-parietal electrode sites, and a slow sustained negativity over anterior left lateral sites. In left-handers, jokes elicited a late positivity 500-900 ms post-onset that was larger and more broadly distributed than in the right-handers' ERPs. In right-handed women, the late positivity was larger over RH electrode sites. In left-handed women, the late positivity was bilaterally symmetric. The highly asymmetric slow sustained negativity over left anterior electrode sites was absent from left-handers' ERPs to jokes. Differences may reflect more efficient inter-hemispheric communication in the left-handers, as they are reputed to have relatively larger corpus callosal areas than right-handers. Results support the portrait of more bilateral language representation among left-handers, and suggest language lateralization affects high-level language comprehension tasks such as joke comprehension.

Adolescent↗