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Results for “Computer Communication Networks”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Information for trained nurses in remote areas: do electronically networked resources provide an answer?

This paper reports on a research project which examined the potential of the Internet, and other networked information resources, to improve access to information for trained nurses working in remote areas. This paper provides a review of current literature in the field. It describes the research carried out, presents a summary of the research findings and discusses the implications of these findings. The paper concludes that the Internet and networked resources do have considerable potential to improve access to information for nurses working in remote and rural areas. However, information skills, along with professional guidance, are also required.

Community Health Services↗

PubMed1998

Heuristic walkthrough evaluation of a prototype computer network service for occupational therapists.

AIM: To identify utility and design criteria for a computer network service for occupational therapists. DESIGN: Heuristic walkthrough evaluation. The evaluators explored a prototype and then commented upon the design in plenary sessions. SUBJECTS: One group of information system design experts and one of occupational therapists. RESULTS: The central utility criteria were the possibility to organize dynamic work groups for development of the occupational therapy profession and access to databases on assistive technologies. The main system design criteria identified were navigation, structure, tools, and content. CONCLUSION: A computer network service can support the development of the therapy professions. Generic issues exist which need to be considered in the detailed design. The heuristic walkthrough method is useful for identifying these.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2001

[A telemedical multilevel server network system].

Telemedicine is a hot research focus. When we develop the telemedicine system, we find that in China the network condition can not fit the demands of the transregional telemedicine service. In order to improve the poor conditions, we have designed a set of telemedicine system based on distributed multilevel server network model. The paper expounds the structure and the working process of the system, then goes into the technology details in realizing it, finally discusses some relative questions.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Understanding and using DICOM, the data interchange standard for biomedical imaging.

The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard specifies a non-proprietary data interchange protocol, digital image format, and file structure for biomedical images and image-related information. The fundamental concepts of the DICOM message protocol, services, and information objects are reviewed as background for a detailed discussion of the functionality of DICOM; the innovations and limitations of the Standard; and the impact of various DICOM features on information system users. DICOM addresses five general application areas: (1) network image management, (2) network image interpretation management, (3) network print management, (4) imaging procedure management, (5) off-line storage media management. DICOM is a complete specification of the elements required to achieve a practical level of automatic interoperability between biomedical imaging computer systems--from application layer to bit-stream encoding. The Standard is being extended and expanded in modular fashion to support new applications and incorporate new technology. An interface to other Information Systems provides for shared management of patient, procedure, and results information related to images. A Conformance Statement template enables a knowledgeable user to determine if interoperability between two implementations is possible. Knowledge of DICOM's benefits and realistic understanding of its limitations enable one to use the Standard effectively as the basis for a long term implementation strategy for image management and communications systems.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2002

Osprey: a network visualization system.

We have developed a software platform called Osprey for visualization and manipulation of complex interaction networks. Osprey builds data-rich graphical representations that are color-coded for gene function and experimental interaction data. Mouse-over functions allow rapid elaboration and organization of network diagrams in a spoke model format. User-defined large-scale data sets can be readily combined with Osprey for comparison of different methods.

Computational Biology↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Implementation of a province-wide computerized network in Quebec: the FAMUS Project.

General practitioners have busy schedules and are accustomed to working autonomously. But they will take an interest in research issues that could increase their efficiency or improve patient care. The use of medical informatics tools to facilitate collaborative research networks requires that participants accept the tools. This article describes the implementation of a province-wide computing network and discusses the opportunities afforded by the creation of a large central database documenting the process of care.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗

PubMed1996

The transition to digital media in biocommunications.

As digital audiovisual media become dominant in biomedical communications, the skills of human interface design and the technology of client-server multimedia data networks will underlie and influence virtually every aspect of biocommunications professional practice. The transition to digital communications media will require financial, organizational, and professional changes in current biomedical communications departments, and will require a multi-disciplinary approach that will blur the boundaries of the current biocommunications professions.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1996

Data exchange in the European pharmacovigilance.

Recent research work on feasible solutions for electronic data exchanges in the european pharmacovigilance domain (EPhV) has facilitated a better understanding on strategic and operational factors inherent to such a class of transnational vigilance information systems. Most of the material presented here has resulted from the CARE-Pharmacovigilance Pilot project of the ENS-Telematics Programme, and from other subsequent research activities like the IDA feasibility study and the TEDIS-EuroSCape project. Attention has been paid to design principles and features of a communication scheme that must be used to support cooperative problem solving within a network of loosely connected autonomous and hetereogeneous agents. Experience confirmed two key-success factors: a) the users leading role, and b) the Pilot approach putting the focus on standardized electronic data interchange for communicating existing different local systems.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗

PubMed1998

A remote collaboration system for telemedicine using the Internet.

We have developed a still-image telemedicine system for the Internet. It was implemented with the Java programming language and enables remote collaboration between two or more client computers located anywhere on the Internet. Each client requires only a PC or workstation and a popular Internet browser--no special hardware or software is required. We carried out both local-area and wide-area tests of the system. On a local network, JPEG images at a resolution of 640 x 480 pixels took 2-5 s to display on four different clients (PCs or workstations); at 1000 x 1000 pixels, the images took 10-65 s. We also tested the system between two universities in Japan, one in Italy and one in the USA, using the Internet for communications. Images required 4-20 s for display. The exchange of remote collaboration commands between the four locations was good and the maximum lag in mouse pointer movement was less than 1 s. The system has the potential to solve three problems of conventional telemedicine systems: their cost, the need for high-bandwidth telecommunication and the low compatibility between them.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1993

Computer networks.

We have looked at several aspects of networks in this article. As you read about networks, and use them, we hope our discussions will help you understand some of the associated concepts and terms. For instance, suppose someone describes an Ethernet installation as a bus topology LAN using the 1-persistent CSMA/CD protocol with horizontal cables on each floor connected by repeaters to a vertical cable backbone running from the basement to the roof. You now have seen what that description implies. To close this article, we ask you to refer back to Figure 1. Our sample network transfer from Marie to Lars was described as being accomplished through a number of layers or steps, most of which were transparent to the users. Building upon the material presented in this article, we can now give you a more detailed illustration of those layers. Figure 13 shows the seven layers in network model defined by the International Standards Organization, ISO: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical. We do not have space here to discuss each layer in detail, but Figure 13 does give a typical operation that is done in each layer.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1987

Neuronet: implementation of an integrated clinical neurophysiology system.

A distributed computing facility that subserves a wide variety of clinical and research neurophysiology functions is described. The backbone of the system is an Ethernet local area network to which are attached a number of "sub"-networks defined by functional requirements. A variety of computer systems are attached to the network, many of which are mounted in portable racks. The capabilities of the overall system are described along with the functions it serves.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1998

[Teleconsultation].

Teleconsultation is a consultation between two or more physicians about the diagnostic work-up and therapeutic strategy in the treatment of an individual case by means of modern telematics. Due to more complex therapeutic strategies and legally defined formal requirements, the need for teleconsultation will increase significantly in the future. Rapid technical improvements in telematics will progressively facilitate the practical performance of teleconsultation (based upon an ISDN network in the beginning, later on by the use of a national health network). The medicolegal aspects of teleconsultation have already been defined sufficiently for use in surgery. However, the question of adequate financial compensation for this type of medical service is still unclear.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1998

Features for a B-ISDN telemedicine system and its application.

Telemedicine technology is emerging as a new way of medical practice. It will provide more cooperative activity between departments and more comfortable access for disabled patients home. We developed two types of telemedicine system: a telediagnosis system and a home care system. Our telemedicine application is aimed to be run on the broadband-integrated services digital network (B-ISDN). The legacy network is also considered. The user interface is designed to help doctors to communicate easily. The key elements of telemedicine systems are user friendly interface, medical multimedia database design highly refined display technique.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Information and communication systems for the assistance of carers based on ACTION.

Recent advances in telecommunication technologies allow the design of information and communication systems for people who are caring for others in the home as family members or as professionals in the health or community centres. The present paper analyses and classifies the information flow and maps it to an information life cycle, which governs the design of the deployed hardware, software and the data-structure. This is based on the initial findings of ACTION (assisting carers using telematics interventions to meet older persons' needs) a European Union funded project. The proposed information architecture discusses different designs such as centralized or decentralized Web and Client server solutions. A user interface is developed reflecting the special requirements of the targeted user group, which influences the functionality and design of the software, data architecture and the integrated communication system using video-conferencing. ACTION has engineered a system using plain Web technology based on HTML, extended with JavaScript and ActiveX and a software switch enabling the integration of different types of videoconferencing and other applications providing manufacturer independence.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Telepathology network: conceptual groundwork and evaluation.

Telepathology uses telecommunication technology to transmit microscopic images for diagnostic or teaching purposes. Basic requirements for a telepathology system are described. Usage scenarios for a telepathology network are presented including applications in intraoperative frozen section diagnosis, scientific collaboration and computer based training. Results of an evaluation of 4 currently available telepathology systems are presented.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2004

Location-aware access to hospital information and services.

Hospital workers are highly mobile; they are constantly changing location to perform their daily work, which includes visiting patients, locating resources, such as medical records, or consulting with other specialists. The information required by these specialists is highly dependent on their location. Access to a patient's laboratory results might be more relevant when the physician is near the patient's bed and not elsewhere. We describe a location-aware medical information system that was developed to provide access to resources such as patient's records or the location of a medical specialist, based on the user's location. The system is based on a handheld computer which includes a trained backpropagation neural-network used to estimate the user's location and a client to access information from the hospital information system that is relevant to the user's current location.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1990

Teleradiology: an assessment.

A teleradiology system acquires radiographic images at one location and transmits them to one or more remote sites, where they are displayed and/or converted to hard copy. These systems often employ wide area networks. Their goal is to provide improved radiologic services at all sites on the network. Experience in the use of teleradiology systems has demonstrated the need for a laser film digitizer, an optical disk, and a high-quality display and/or laser film printer at each site. Single-site hardware purchase costs average $196,000, plus an additional 20% for yearly network services. Hardware purchased for a consultation or central referral facility approximates $344,000.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2002

Implementation and integration of regional health care data networks in the Hellenic National Health Service.

BACKGROUND: Modern health care is provided with close cooperation among many different institutions and professionals, using their specialized expertise in a common effort to deliver best-quality and, at the same time, cost-effective services. Within this context of the growing need for information exchange, the demand for realization of data networks interconnecting various health care institutions at a regional level, as well as a national level, has become a practical necessity. OBJECTIVES: To present the technical solution that is under consideration for implementing and interconnecting regional health care data networks in the Hellenic National Health System. METHODS: The most critical requirements for deploying such a regional health care data network were identified as: fast implementation, security, quality of service, availability, performance, and technical support. RESULTS: The solution proposed is the use of proper virtual private network technologies for implementing functionally-interconnected regional health care data networks. CONCLUSIONS: The regional health care data network is considered to be a critical infrastructure for further development and penetration of information and communication technologies in the Hellenic National Health System. Therefore, a technical approach was planned, in order to have a fast cost-effective implementation, conforming to certain specifications.

Computer Communication Networks↗