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Results for “Diffusion of Innovation”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

No magic targets! Changing clinical practice to become more evidence based.

This article focuses on the diffusion and adoption of innovations in clinical practice. The authors are specifically interested in underresearched questions concerning the latter stages of the creation, diffusion, and adoption of new knowledge, namely: What makes this information credible and therefore utilized? Why do actors decide to use new knowledge? And what is the significance of the social context of which actors are a part?

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed2006

Nurses at the forefront of innovation.

BACKGROUND: This paper is based on a presentation given by the author at the 23rd Quadrennial ICN Congress and 7th International Regulation Congress in Taipei in May 2005. AIM: Nurses worldwide are engaged in innovative practice on a daily basis. In most health systems across the world, nurses provide up to 80% of primary health care and are therefore well positioned to provide critically needed innovative solutions to many global health challenges. The aim of this paper is to increase awareness of the importance and value of innovations in nursing; provide an improved understanding of the contribution nurses make to innovation in health care; and increase understanding of the importance of creating environments that inspire innovation and help shape practice in new and improved ways. DESIGN: This paper explores the concept of innovation, the inherent set of characteristics that need to be present in order for innovations to succeed, and the barriers that impede innovation from occurring. CONCLUSION: There are numerous examples of successful innovations worldwide that are developed and implemented by nurses, some of which are described in this paper. The paper concludes that organizations need to have a support climate that encourages creativity and innovation to occur.

Creativity↗
PubMed2000

A day in the life of a children's nurse.

Practice development posts have evolved in the past decade since the demise of the Clinical Nurse Manager role. The Practice Development Adviser supports and facilitates clinical practice innovations with the aim of improving the quality of patient-focused care. Clinicians are encouraged to utilise ward-based clinical developments as an integral part of a course leading to academic qualifications. This article shares examples of clinical practice developments facilitated for a group, an individual clinician and on-going innovations.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Innovation. The promise and the perils for nursing and information technology.

The concept of innovation refers to the process of bringing new ideas into use. It has been studied from the perspective of classical, organizational, and political theory; yet many aspects of the process remain unknown. Addressed here is the management of innovations, whether social, organizational, or technical in nature. The use of power, participation management, and the construction of change are offered as skills useful in the managing process. Opportunities or sources for creating innovation are reviewed, as are the principles that guide the innovation process.

Communication↗
PubMed1995

Laboratory measurements of the transport of radon gas through concrete samples.

Experiments were conducted to measure the transportability of radon gas through common concrete samples which were characterized by their mix proportions, dimensions, porosity, air permeability, and radon gas diffusion coefficient. Several innovative test systems and methods were designed, fabricated, and calibrated to accurately measure these radon gas transport characteristics for concrete and to overcome many of the shortcomings of previously published experimental works. From the experimental results, it was found that diffusion is the dominant transport mechanism by which radon gas moves through an intact concrete slab. It was also shown that indoor radon entry rates can be greatly affected by the type of concrete mix employed. The results of this study can be utilized to improve the present technology of radon-resistant construction techniques for new residential construction.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed2005

National trends in cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor use since market release: nonselective diffusion of a selectively cost-effective innovation.

BACKGROUND: The withdrawal of rofecoxib has highlighted concerns regarding the safety of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. In some patients COX-2 inhibitors may be safer than nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); however, the public health benefit of COX-2 inhibitors depends on their use in patients at higher than normal risk from NSAIDs. We examined trends in COX-2 inhibitor use based on risk for adverse events from NSAIDs. METHODS: We analyzed data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (1999-2002) and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (1999-2001), nationally representative surveys of community and hospital-based outpatient practices. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patient visits in which COX-2 inhibitors were prescribed, stratified by risk of adverse gastrointestinal (GI) events from NSAIDs. RESULTS: Of the visits in which either a COX-2 inhibitor or NSAID was prescribed, the frequency of COX-2 inhibitor use increased from 35% (1999) to 55% (2000) to 61% (2001 and 2002). Among patients with the lowest risk for adverse events from NSAIDs, the proportion receiving a COX-2 inhibitor increased from 12% in 1999 to 35% in 2002. Overall, increases in COX-2 inhibitor use among patients in whom NSAIDs could be used accounted for more than 63% of the growth in COX-2 inhibitor use during the period examined. CONCLUSIONS: Marked increases in COX-2 inhibitor use have occurred since their release, primarily among patients at low risk for adverse events from NSAIDs. These findings demonstrate the challenge of limiting innovative therapies to the settings in which they are initially targeted and maximally beneficial.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The diffusion and adoption of worksite health promotion innovations: an analysis of barriers.

While it is estimated that employee health promotion opportunities are made available in half of all large corporations in the United States, the interventions involved vary widely in terms of reported effectiveness, reliability of implementation, overall evaluability, and longterm stability. Providers of these interventions have tended to ignore the concept of "fit" between a particular program and a particular organizational setting into which it is introduced. They have generally underestimated the role that unique corporate structures and decision-making processes can play in determining program adoption and maintenance. This article describes three sets of factors related to effective dissemination and implementation of worksite health promotion innovations: the availability of the innovations, the acceptability of the innovations to the employees and other end users, and the feasibility of the innovations from the perspective of the corporate decision-makers. The role of each of these factors in effective program dissemination and implementation is described, and optimal approaches to worksite health planning, taking these factors into account, is reviewed.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health promotion technology transfer: organizational perspectives.

This paper explores the relationship between organizational dynamics and program dissemination. Specifically, it is an analysis of factors affecting the directed diffusion of health promotion innovations which target schools and worksites as delivery channels. Technology transfer is the construct which is used to capture this notion of directed diffusion. The term is defined for the purposes of the paper as all strategically planned efforts to promote, influence, or accelerate the natural diffusion or dissemination processes. The paper has three main objectives: first to identify the theoretical perspectives which have influenced my thinking in the area of health promotion technology transfer; second, to describe an organizing framework for the study of health promotion technology transfer; and third, to recommend directions for health promotion planning efforts in the future and the role that research might play in that process.

Child↗