SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Experimental intraoperative localization of retained intracerebral bone fragments using transdural ultrasound.

Precise intraoperative localization of retained bone fragments and foreign bodies avoids extensive brain disseciton, cerebral edema, damage to vital structures, incomplete debridement, and prolonged surgical procedures. Such localization after head trauma is often hampered by cerebral distortion, previous incomplete debridement, fragment migration, and surgical draping. Our intraoperative technique of transdural A-scanning using aspiration-biopsy transducers precisely localized 3.5-mm fragments without damage to underlying cortical tissue and vessles. Transdural A-mode echoencephalography was found to be more reliable for intracerebral depth estimations but epidural B-mode sonography was more useful for determining the size of fragments. Transdural ultrasound offered an intraoperative alternative to stereotaxic localization of retained bone fragments in experimental head trauma.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Cerebrogenic disorders of cardiac rhythm and conductivity in epilepsy patients].

51 epileptic patients aged 16-32 years without any signs of cardiovascular pathology were examined. The primary generalized epilepsy was diagnosed in 24 cases while a partial one--in 27 patients. Were examined a state of the heart (echo- and electrocardiography, Holter's monitoring of ECG), of the brain (computed echoencephalography, visual evoked potentials) and of the autonomic nervous system (variability of cardiac rhythm, autonomic tonus). A control group included 15 healthy individuals. Significantly higher prevalence of the disorders of the cardiac rhythm and conduction was found in patients with epilepsy as compared with a control group (p < 0.001). More frequently there were sino-atrial blocks of the II degree of the I type (p < 0.01), heterotopic rhythms (p < 0.05), supraventricular extrasystole (p < 0.1), supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia (p < 0.05), supraventricular migration of the pacemaker (p < 0.01). It was found that close relationship between cardiac arrhythmias and epilepsy was mobided by a complex of pathophysiologic mechanisms. Among them a leading role belongs to dysfunction of suprasegmental autonomic centers with a predominant activation of sympathetic or parasympathetic departments of the autonomic nervous system. Significant arrhythmogenic factors appeared to be: presence of organic damages in the brain, frequency of epileptic fits, dysfunction of suprasegmental autonomic centers with activation of cerebral ergotropic systems.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Echoencephalographic findings of Apert syndrome.

Although Apert syndrome has been characterized in the prenatal period and clinically described in the literature, postnatal echoencephalographic findings have not been reported. We present a case of Apert syndrome that shows bilateral periventricular cysts, unusual posterior downward curving of the lateral ventricles without evidence of hydrocephalus, along with a decreased anterior-posterior diameter of the cranial vault. Given that Apert syndrome, characterized by acrocephalosyndactyly, can give rise to numerous CNS abnormalities, echoencephalography could be used to further characterize Apert syndrome in the postnatal period.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗

PubMed1992

[Severe forms of herpes simplex in newborn infants].

Generalized herpetic infection in the newborn runs its course in association with cerebral lesions as well as with injuries to the lungs, heart and liver. The infection diagnosis should take into account the mother's epidemiological anamnesis, the clinical manifestations in the child and the results of the simultaneous use of several methods (fluorescent antibody test, IEA, virological test). Of paramount importance is the simultaneous examination of the mother. Of no less importance is echoencephalography, namely the detection of cysts in white matter of the frontal lobes.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Instrumentation for ultrasound diagnosis of vascular diseases].

The paper describes the computer-based ultra-sound medical instruments worked out by the authors to diagnose the diseases and traumas of the brain, vessels, arteries and cerebral veins as well as of pathologies of the upper and lower extremities. The portable instruments are capable of four diagnostic methods: echoencephalography, echopulsegraphy as well as ultra-sound and transcranial Doppler-graphy.

Arm↗

PubMed1992

Postnatal white matter necrosis in preterm infants.

One hundred twenty-seven infants less than 36 weeks of gestation (mean +/- SE = 31 +/- 3.2 weeks) were studied with echoencephalography to determine the incidence and complications associated with white matter necrosis. Ten infants (8%) developed cysts ten or more days after birth, indicating postnatal onset of white matter necrosis. Univariate analysis showed that postnatal white matter necrosis was significantly associated with maternal infection (other than urinary infection), respiratory distress syndrome, and longer requirement of an oxygen concentration greater than 40%. Forward logistic regression analysis showed postnatal white matter necrosis to be associated with maternal infection, chronic placental infarction, congenital pneumonia, and longer requirement of an oxygen concentration greater than 40%. Neurodevelopmental outcome was abnormal during infancy in 4 of the 6 survivors with postnatal white matter necrosis. Severe respiratory disease and maternal and/or fetal infection appear to increase the risk of the immature brain to white matter necrosis, predisposing the infants to subsequent neurodevelopmental delay.

Echoencephalography↗

PubMed1990

[Diagnosis and differential therapy of edema and swelling of the brain in patients in critical conditions].

A total of 181 patients found in critical conditions were examined and treated. The use of a complex of neurophysiological studies including brain plethysmography++, rheoencephalography and echoencephalography in patients with encephalopathies made it possible to carry out early and differential diagnosis of brain edema and swelling and to exercise dynamic control over those processes. The basis of the treatment of patients with brain swelling was formed by the drugs that ameliorate microcirculation, cerebral blood flow and brain metabolism. In the treatment of brain edema, use was made of the drugs that normalize blood-brain barrier function and of dehydration therapy.

Brain↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Current diagnostic methods of oto- and rhinogenous abscess of brain and cerebellum].

The paper discusses diagnosis of oto- and rhinogenic abscesses of the brain and cerebellum by means of echoencephalography (22 patients), computer tomography (17 patients), and radionuclide gamma-topography (7 patients). It is stressed that these methods have advantages over other techniques. They are informative and noninvasive; they can be applied regardless of the severity of disease; they allow accurate identification of the size and location of abscesses and differentiation between focal encephalitis and developed abscesses.

Brain Abscess↗

PubMed1990

Two-dimensional ultrasonographic examination through postoperative defects in skull.

The authors describe the advantages of two-dimensional ultrasound examination in patient with skull defects of various origin. It is better to use ultrasound transducer with high frequencies, which have higher discerning capability to distinguish fine anatomic details. In comparison to CT the two-dimensional echoencephalography is harmless for the patient, it enables the monitoring of intracranial situation through an "acoustic window" and examination in several planes.

Brain Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications for the long-term continuous follow-up of intracranial pressure in severe craniocerebral trauma].

The findings of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and diagnostic methods of examination were compared with the results of prolonged measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) in 64 patients with a severe craniocerebral trauma. Seventy-four clinical and laboratory signs and the results of echoencephalography [correction of echoelectrography] and computed tomography were analysed and those found to be most informative on the basis of the "x-quadrant" criterion were distinguished. The distinguished signs accompanying ICP were rated in marks. A scale of hypertension was compiled according to the sum of the marks of these signs. This scale makes it possible to select patients for prolonged continuous ICP control.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1990

[A case of holoprosencephaly with a flat electroencephalogram].

A case of alobar type of holoprosencephaly, a severe impairment of the development of central nervous system, is presented. This is a case report of 2-month-old boy who had a peculiar physiognomy with a microcephalus and an undeveloped forehead. Echoencephalography showed a defect of almost all cerebellum and a singular ventricle accompanied with severe hydrocephalus. However, his brain stem and cerebellum could be confirmed. His electroencephalogram showed complete flat waves and failed to respond to visual evoked potential test (VEP) and auditory brain stem response test (ABR). Any chromosomal abnormalities were not found.

Echoencephalography↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical and echoencephalographic data in assessing the outcome of meningococcal meningoencephalitis].

The authors made a clinical analysis of outcomes of meningococcal meningoencephalitis in 100 patients with consciousness disturbances. It was established that the outcome of the disease depended on the time of hospitalization and degree of disturbed consciousness. The dynamics of neurological symptoms and echoencephalography of brain edema is of importance in evaluation of the prognosis of meningoencephalitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

[Status of cerebral ventricles and meninges in subarachnoid hemorrhage (clinico-pathomorphological studies)].

Long-term investigation of 64 patients with subarachnoidal hemorrhages (SH), 24 of which had subsequently died, and 2 series of experiments of animals with a single or repeated intracysternal infusion of various doses of autologous blood, yielded the description of the response of the meninges and ventricles at different terms after SH. The brain ventricles were measured by axial computer tomography and echoencephalography. A index of CSF resorption resistance and CSF pressure were determined. The cerebral meninges from experimental animals and autopsied human ones underwent the histological examination. The authors discuss the mechanisms of development of liquor dynamic disorders at different terms after SH.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[The hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome in the clinical picture of schizophrenia].

Combined clinical neurological study was performed in 111 schizophrenic patients with acute, subacute psychotic signs and at the end of psychosis. Techniques included echoencephalography, eye fundus study, spinal puncture. None of the patients had a history of craniocerebral trauma, neuroinfections, chronic alcoholism, severe somatic diseases. In 53.1% of the patients intracranial hypertension syndrome was detected with the highest rate in patients with acute psychotic signs. Besides, the hypertension syndrome was found to be related to the type of schizophrenia course: it was twice as frequent in attack forms as in permanent ones. The authors suggest that intracranial hypertension has a distinct role to play in the pathogenesis of acute schizophrenic attacks.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Neurodiagnostic tests in children with brain tumors: changing patterns of use and impact on cost.

The utilization of neurodiagnostic tests in the initial work-up in children with brain tumors was relatively stable during the three years before computed tomography (CT) became available. After this test became available there was a significant (P less than .05) reduction in the utilization of cerebral angiography, echoencephalography, electroencephalography, and ventriculography in children with tumors below the tentorium. In children with tumors above the tentorium, only a reduction in the use of cerebral angiography and radioisotopic scanning was demonstrated. These changes have resulted in a significant (P less than .05) reduction in cost to the patient (or third party) for the initial neurodiagnostic work-up. Since CT became available, children with brain tumors undergo fewer tests, and the greatest reduction has been in tests that have the greatest cost.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1988

[The complex diagnosis of brain edema--swelling in patients in critical states].

In an intensive care unit, 181 patients were electrophysiologically investigated (impedance measuring, rheoencephalography, echoencephalography) and ophthalmoscopied, their plasma and red blood cells electrolytes, red blood cells ATP, levels of histamine, serotonin, and monoamine oxidase activity measured and the state of the lipid peroxidation system determined. The combined investigation ensured the early detection of brain edema or swelling and assessment of preponderance of either process. Increase in serotonin, histamine levels and activation of lipid peroxidation system were shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of these disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

[Astrocytoma in a premature twin].

In a premature twin boy (gestational age 34 weeks) two-dimensional echoencephalography, computed tomography, and NMR tomography revealed a brain tumor. The exact diagnosis was confirmed by stereotactic biopsy from the brain. Up to now the clinical course of the child has been surprisingly benign.

Astrocytoma↗

PubMed1986

[Neurologic changes in schizophrenic patients].

A total of 104 schizophrenics have been examined using echoencephalography. Some patients presented manifestations of hydrocephalia and intracranial hypertension. The latter was predominantly observed in patients with acute psychotic states.

Acute Disease↗