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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Botulinum toxin injection of eye muscles to correct strabismus.

One hundred thirty-two doses of botulinum A toxin were injected into 42 humans. The effect on horizontal strabismus was uniformly beneficial, and effect lasting up to 411 days since the last injection was documented. The effect in vertical strabismus and lid retraction was beneficial, but less strongly so. No systemic effect or local complications were encountered except for effect on adjacent muscles. The drug appears to be a safe and useful therapy for strabismus.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

[External eye muscles and their attachment zones].

There were examined in situ the length, the diameter and the insertions of the 4 recti and the levator on 59 orbits, furthermore the mm. obliqui in the same way. The M. levator palpebrae superioris has an average length of 42.13 mm on the right (r) and 40,24 mm on the left (l). It is at the origin 3,93/3,54 (r/l)1 mm wide and 15.23/4.89 mm on the transitional area to its aponeurosis. The M. rectus superior is (mean) 37.31/37.02 mm long, in the middle area 8.59/7.83 mm wide and 2.32/2.20 mm thick. Its tendon in 4.29/4.26 mm long and 10.43/9.84 mm wide. The M. rectus medialis has an averaged length of 37.68/37.33 mm, a width of 9.41/9.73 mm and a thickness of 3.80/3.70 mm. Its tendon is 3.04/3.90 mm long and 10.39/9.92 mm wide. The M. rectus inferior is (mean) 36.95/37.70 mm long, 4.73/4.50 mm wide and 3.87/3.92 mm thick. Its tendon is 4.70/4.66 mm long and 8.50/8.68 mm wide. The M. lateralis has an average length of 36.36/35.94 mm, a width of 10.87/10.32 mm and a thickness of 2.87/2.54 mm. Its tendon is 7.19/7.82 mm long and 9.57/9.22 mm wide. Its longitudinal part is (mean) 37.59 mm (right) and 38.54 mm (left) long and 5.74/5.63 mm wide and 2.30/1.94 mm thick. Its oblique tendinous part has an average length of 22.12/22.93 mm, a width of 9.85/9.55 mm and a thickness of 1.50 mm (r/l). The M. obliques inferior is 31.46/30.92 mm long, 7.56/7.13 mm wide and 2.54/2.50 mm thick. The bulbus oculi has a longitudinal outer diameter of 24.57/24.8 mm and transversal diameter of 23.63/23.56 mm (mean). Its vertical diameter is 23.29/23.18 mm. The transversal diameter of the cornea is 11.70/12.08 mm, the vertical diameter 10.80/11,06 mm. Besides of these measurements the distances were estimated between the muscle-tendons and the cornea as well as the optic nerve.

Adult↗