Ethnic and sex effects on emergency ward utilization for drug-related problems: a linear model analysis.
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The results of experiments are evaluated in terms of a simple model for the interaction of eye movement responses to simultaneous optokinetic and vestibular stimuli. The model predictions agree with the results of these experiments and explain many clinical observations concerning the effect of vision on nystagmus. The model accounts for the dominance of the visual system's response over the vestibular system's response at low frequencies. It also accounts for the inability of patients with decreased smooth pursuit system response to suppress the vestibulo-ocular reflex during simultaneous optokinetic and vestibular stimulations. The model provides useful information for the design of combined optokinetic and vestibular stimuli for test vestibulo-ocular reflexes.
This is the last of six articles describing how to choose the appropriate statistical test to look for relationships between two variables. It shows that when the response variable is dichotomous and the explanatory variable is continuous it may not be appropriate to carry out a t-test. Some comments are made on extending the tests considered to more complex situations.
A clarification is given of the difference between a multiplicative model (Haber, 1984, Biometrics 40, 189-198) and an additive model (Weir, 1979, Biometrics 35, 235-254) for association between genes at two loci. Although the parametrization of Haber contains both intergametic and intragametic linkage disequilibrium terms, there are problems in separating these terms when the two types of double heterozygote cannot be distinguished. An alternative formulation that contains the sum and product of these terms also contains measures of association between three or four genes at two loci, and a reexamination of data discussed by Haber shows that the inclusion of trigenic disequilibria can significantly improve the fit of the model.
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