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Results for “Retinal Detachment”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Infection after retinal detachment surgery.

In 250 consecutive retinal detachment operations performed by the author, there were 14 cases (5.6%) of infection of the scleral buckle. The commonest infecting organism was Staphylococcus aureus. The surgery in these infected cases took longer than average, and utilized more than the usual amount of silicone sponge; a higher proportion were reoperations. After an average follow-up of 22 months, only six of the 14 had vision of 6/36 or better and of these, two had persisting inferior traction detachments. On the basis of this study and others, the preferred management of infected scleral buckles is to remove the sponge as soon as the diagnosis is made. The risk of redetachment is a lesser evil than the sequelae of prolonged inflammation which include traction retinal detachment, massive periretinal proliferation, and premacular fibrosis.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

The subretinal fluid in retinal detachment. A cytologic study.

Following retinal detachment, subretinal fluid (SRF) fills the neoformed space. Subsequently subretinal and preretinal strands of proliferative tissue begin to form. We have collected the subretinal fluid withdrawn during retinal detachment surgery. We have studied subretinal fluid cytologically to evaluate the number and the type of cells present in the fluid, and by means of transmission electron microscopy. The first cell type to be present in the fluid represented degenerated aspects of pigmented epithelial cells (PECs). Successively, other cell types appeared in the fluid as nerve cells (rods, cones and glial cells), macrophages and well preserved pigmented epithelial cells.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

[Preventive treatment of retinal detachment in aphakic eyes].

We have examined 243 cases with retinal detachment occurring within 6 months following cataract surgery. In 92 of them retinal tear was due to lattice degeneration, in 66 to snail track degeneration and in 17 to equatorial degeneration. 290 other patients had preventive treatments. In this group, there were only 10 cases of retinal detachment. 9 out of 22 patients who had no preventive treatment suffered retinal detachments. There are two reasons for the occurrence of this retinal detachment in the 6 months following cataract surgery in eyes where retinal degenerations are found: (1) surgical trauma even with cryoextraction is responsible for traction of the vitreous base, (2) rapid disappearance of the hyaluronic acid in the aphakic vitreous is responsible for the degradation of the vitreous with formation of large zones of liquid vitreous. When adhesion between the vitreous and the retinal degeneration area remains, the traction is responsible for retinal tear or retinal detachment. The importance of the preventive treatment of retinal lesions prior to cataract surgery should be stressed.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed2002

Visual recovery after macula-off retinal detachment.

With modern surgical techniques to repair retinal detachments, a greater than 90% primary anatomic success rate can be expected. Despite this high level of anatomic success, visual results remain compromised mainly because of permanent functional damage once the macula becomes detached. The most important predictor of visual recovery after retinal detachment surgery is preoperative visual acuity. Preoperative acuity appears to be directly related to the height of macular detachment. Shorter duration of detachment and younger age are also important in visual recovery. This paper will review the current literature that helps to improve our understanding of visual recovery after macula-off retinal detachments.

Humans↗

PubMed1997

[The condition of the posterior capsule in pseudophakic retinal detachment].

PURPOSE: Analysis of condition of posterior capsule in pseudophakic retinal detachment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 pseudophakic eyes of 35 patients with retinal detachment were examined. The condition of posterior capsule and the time when retinal detachment was observed were analysed. CONCLUSION: Disruption of the posterior capsule as a complication of cataract surgery was associated with a significant elevated risk of retinal detachment. Uncomplicated posterior capsule prevented acid from vitreous delayed retinal detachment, but is not eliminated, especially in risk factor cases.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal thickness and I.O.P. changes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Twenty patients with Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were subjected to applanation tonometry and Corneal Thickness measurement to ascertain (i) the change in central & peripheral corneal thickness and (ii) effect of Intra Ocular Pressure on these corneal changes. Twenty age and sex matched controls also underwent similar investigation. It was observed that both the mean Intra Ocular Pressure and the corneal thickness (both Peripheral Corneal Thickness and Central Corneal Thickness] of the affected eye showed statistically significant reduction (P 0.001) when compared to Intra Ocular Pressure and Corneal Thickness changes of fellow-eyes and eyes of control subjects. In addition to these even the fellow eyes which had normal Intra Ocular Pressure, showed statistically low Central Corneal Thickness measurement, when compared with controls. In view of the above observation and reduction in Corneal Thickness measurement, the present study indicates generalised corneal changes in Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment unrelated to intraocular pressure.

Cornea↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of retinal detachment in childhood and adolescence.

The prevalence of retinal detachment during childhood and adolescence was studied in 45,000 recruits aged 17 to 19 years. History of retinal detachment was found in 13 cases (0.028%); 61.5% of these had traumatic retinal detachment, and 23.1% had high myopia without history of trauma. The age-related annual incidence of retinal detachment in patients aged ten to 19 years was calculated to be 2.9 per 100,000. The prevalence among the males was 3.7 per 10,000 and among the females 1.6 per 10,000. The difference between the sexes was not statistically significant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

[Differential light perception threshold of the visual field and ERG following operatively attached retinal detachment].

After surgical treatment of retinal detachment with a spontaneously pigmented demarcation line the visual fields of twelve patients were tested. The increment threshold of all positions (determined with the Octopus automatic perimeter system) was compared with the reduction in the scotopic and photopic ERG amplitudes (determinated with the CEMIDA system). This reduction in the ERG amplitudes was evaluated using the difference between the amplitude of the ERG waves of the eye with cured retinal detachment and of the healthy fellow eye. No great correlation between the two parameters was found, but it appeared that a reduced mean increment threshold correlated with a reduction in the a-wave amplitude.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Results of pseudophakic retinal detachment surgery].

Between 8/81 and 9/89 2658 patients underwent retinal detachment surgery at the university eye hospital Erlangen/Nürnberg. From this number there were 30 (= 1.1%) pseudophakic retinal detachments consisting of 14 males and 16 females. Minimal age was 48, maximal 89 years, average age was 70.9 years. There were 4479 extracapsular cataract extractions with implantation of a posterior chamber lens performed in the same interval at our eye hospital. Out of this 4479 extracapsular cataract extractions we found 9 patients (= 0.2%) with pseudophakic retinal detachment. In our investigated group we found preoperative risk factors resulting in a pseudophakic retinal detachment consisting out of myopia, latticelike degeneration of the retina and contusion bulbi. Intraoperative risk factors are the rupture of the posterior capsule and vitreous prolapse. A postoperative risk factor is YAG-laser-capsulotomy. We observed a pseudophakic retinal detachment with patients undergoing YAG-laser-capsulotomy after minimal 30, maximal 880 and 372 days in average. Out of 30 patients 17 (= 66.6%) were treated successfully with the first operation. The success rate summed up to 83.2% after one re-operation. With 17 out of 30 patients we had to apply extensive endoophthalmic vitreous and retinal surgical techniques (cerclage, pars-plana-vitrectomy, silicone oil instillation).

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Subretinal proliferation and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment].

We reviewed the clinical files of 314 patients (341 eyes) affected by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were operated on before any failed attempt to reattach the retina. The study was conducted to elucidate the clinical and prognostic value of subretinal proliferation. Clinical evidence of subretinal proliferation visible at preoperative examination was more frequent in eyes with retinal detachments related to retinogenic retinal breaks (oral dialyses, atrophic holes in lattice) (32.35%) as compared to retinal detachments associated with horse-shoe tears (4.60%) (P < 0.001). The mean duration of retinal detachments with subretinal proliferation was 12 months (range: 3 months to 5 years). Postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurred in 2.27% (1/44 eyes) of retinal detachments with subretinal proliferation compared with 6.73% (20/297 eyes) of retinal detachments without subretinal proliferation. Permanent retinal reattachment was achieved in all eyes with subretinal proliferation. However postoperative visual acuity of 20/40 or better was obtained in only 34% (15/44 eyes) of eyes with subretinal proliferation compared with 58% (160/275 eyes) of retinal detachments without subretinal proliferation (P < 0.01).

Eye Diseases↗

PubMed1983

[Retinal detachment following extraction of an intraocular foreign body. Effects of vitrectomy].

Intra-ocular foreign bodies have an extremely poor prognosis, retinal detachment with vitreo-retinal retraction being the main factor of treatment failure. Vitrectomy appears to be an effective method for preventing this complication. 77 patients with intra-ocular foreign bodies were studied in two separate groups: 45 patients in group I did not have preventive vitrectomy and 23 developed retinal detachments; 32 patients in group II did have preventive vitrectomy within 3 weeks following foreign body extraction, and only 6 patients developed retinal detachment. Vitreous hemorrhage and cataract were present in all cases with retinal detachment. The retinal detachment rate was significatively different between group I and II. Early vitrectomy seems to be effective in preventing retinal detachment after an intra-ocular foreign body. However, others factors still have to be studied: cataract, hemorrhage, contusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Retinal detachment caused by small tears in the equatorial region of the retina].

46 Phakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachments due solely to round atrophic holes in the equatorial region were observed in 42 patients. The clinical characteristics and the prognosis of the retinal detachments differ from those of retinal detachments associated with horse-show retinal tears. The 46 phakic retinal detachments due solely to round atrophic holes in the equatorial region account for 5.8% of all rhegmatogenous retinal detachments operated during the same period of time, 81% of the patients were under 40 years of age, 93.5% of the eyes were myopic. The round atrophic holes were located within foci of equatorial lattice degeneration in 97.8% of the eyes. The number of holes per eye varied from 1 to 16 with a mean number of 4.54. The location of the holes showed a significant prevalence for the lower temporal quadrant (83.3% of the eyes) and then the upper temporal quadrant (47.8% of the eyes). The retinal detachments had a slow progression and demarcation lines were present in 56.5% of the eyes. In spite of the long standing duration none of the detachments were associated with clinical evidence of proliferative vitreo retinopathy. Surgical prognosis was excellent. Retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases. Post operative visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 60% of the eyes. It is assumed that the absence of proliferative vitreo retinopathy in those retinal detachments is related to the absence of significant vitreous degeneration and posterior vitreous detachment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Clinical application and observation of silicone oil in complicated retinal detachment].

Nine eyes with complicated retinal detachment underwent vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponate among whom there were seven eyes with PVRC3-PVRD2, one eye with giant retina tear and PVRD3 and one eye with giant retina tear. All the eyes were followed-up for an average of 12.6 months with a range from 2 to 23 months. Retina were completely reattached in there eyes. Vision were improved in six eyes. Retina was redetached in one eye after removal of silicone oil. Silicone oil tamponate can be used in complicated retinal detachment that fails to respond to conventional method. However, silicone oil tamponate may cause a number of complications, so its indications should be properly taken care of.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Prevalence and characteristics of foveal retinal detachment without macular hole in high myopia.

PURPOSE: To report the prevalence of foveal retinal detachment without macular hole in a large number of highly myopic eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to clarify the demographic characteristics associated with foveal retinal detachment in these eyes. DESIGN: A consecutive, prospective, observational case series. METHODS: In 134 eyes of 78 consecutive patients with high myopia (refractive error of -8 diopters or more), we performed complete ophthalmic examinations and studied cross-sectional images of the macula with OCT. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (group 1, n = 78 eyes of 45 patients) or absence (group 2, n = 56 eyes of 33 patients) of posterior staphyloma. Slit-lamp examination with a Goldmann three-mirror lens indicated that none of the eyes had a macular hole. RESULTS: In seven of 78 eyes (9.0%) with posterior staphyloma (group 1), OCT revealed foveal retinal detachment. Two of the seven eyes had foveal retinoschisis. Optical coherence tomography revealed no retinal detachment or retinoschisis in any eye without posterior staphyloma (group 2). Visual acuity of the seven eyes with foveal retinal detachment ranged from 20/40 to 20/200. Two of the seven eyes had visual acuity 20/50 or better. No patients complained of recent, progressive visual impairment. All seven eyes with foveal retinal detachment had severe myopic fundus changes (focal chorioretinal atrophy or bare sclera). CONCLUSIONS: In highly myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma, the prevalence of foveal retinal detachment without macular hole was 9.0%. In eyes with this type of retinal detachment, visual acuity varies and foveal retinal detachment tends to be missed on routine examination. Periodic examination using OCT is recommended for highly myopic eyes with severe myopic degenerative changes and posterior staphyloma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Echographic evaluation of a patient with diabetes and dense vitreous hemorrhage: an avulsed retinal vessel may mimic a tractional retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To report that an avulsed retinal vessel may appear as a tractional retinal detachment on echographic evaluation. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 57-year-old diabetic woman presented with a nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage of 2 months duration in the left eye. Echography was consistent with a localized tractional retinal detachment on longitudinal sections; transverse sections demonstrated a pinpoint opacity in the vitreous cavity. Intraoperatively, an avulsed retinal vessel was noted in the area of echographic abnormality. CONCLUSION: An avulsed retinal vessel may mimic tractional retinal detachment on echography. Although trained ophthalmic echographers routinely perform both longitudinal and transverse sections during an echographic evaluation, less skilled observers must be aware of the importance of performing both longitudinal and transverse sections for accurate echographic diagnosis.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗

PubMed2006

Retinal detachment in myopic eyes after phakic intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To analyze the risk of retinal detachment in highly myopic patients who underwent implantation of phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs). METHODS: In a retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series, the occurrence of retinal detachment was analyzed in 522 consecutive highly myopic eyes (323 patients) that underwent PIOL implantation. Treatment and results were reviewed. Parameters evaluated were best corrected visual acuity before and after retinal detachment surgery and time between refractive surgery and retinal detachment. RESULTS: Fifteen (2.87%) eyes presented with retinal detachment after PIOL implantation, with a mean time between surgery and detachment of 24.4 +/- 24.4 months (range: 1 to 92 months). The risk of retinal detachment in patients with high myopia corrected by PIOL implantation was 0.57% at 3 months, 1.64% at 12 months, 2.73% at 36 months, and 4.06% at 92 to 145 months (Kaplan-Meier analysis). A comparative study between the group of patients with retinal detachment and the remaining patients without retinal detachment was performed. Differences were found in axial length (30.65 +/- 1.97 vs 29.51 +/- 2.02; P=.028, one factor-analysis of variance test). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of retinal detachment in eyes implanted with phakic lenses for the correction of high myopia is higher in eyes with axial length >30.24 mm.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Clinical factors predisposing to massive proliferative vitreoretinopathy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

A series of 354 consecutive rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, operated on by means of microsurgery, is evaluated to determine the clinical factors that may predispose to the development of postoperative massive proliferative vitreoretinopathy (MPVR). Three statistically significant parameters in the development of postoperative MPVR are demonstrated: failure of previous surgery, preoperative fixed retinal folds, and horseshoe retinal tear(s) exposing a total surface of 3 disc diameters or more of pigment epithelium. For further study, it is suggested that in retinal detachments with such horseshoe tears, early destruction of the exposed pigment epithelium by argon laser photocoagulation may be a valuable means of decreasing the incidence of MPVR after retinal detachment repair.

Eye Diseases↗

PubMed1998

[Management of very complicated retinal detachment].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the management for a group of complicated retinal detachment in very severe conditions including(A) rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with severe posterior and anterior PVR, (B) giant retinal tear (GRT) retinal detachment with severe PVR, (C) severe perforating eye injury with tractional retinal detachment. METHODS: A total number of 31 eyes from 31 patients was included, in which 14 eyes were in group A, 8 eyes were group B and 9 eyes group C. Procedures including scleral buckling, encircling, cryotherapy, total vitrectomy, epiretinal membrane peeling/excision, relaxing retinectomy, use of perfluorocarbon liquid and silicone oil were applied to all patients. Patients were followed up for three to 16 months. RESULTS: Retinas of 21 out of 31 eyes(67.7%) were completely reattached and 5 eyes (16.1%) were partially reattached, 5 eyes were failed(16.1%). Postoperative vision was significantly improved in 25 eyes. The visual acuity of 19 eyes was better than 0.02, while before operation only two eyes were better than 0.02. PVR and GRT patients had better results. CONCLUSION: The results showed that a big part of very complicated retinal detachment which was called as hopeless cases could still be successfully treated with comprehensive procedures, more than half of them may have useful vision which may obviously improve their life quality.

Adolescent↗