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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Indications for lymphovenous anastomosis for ascites in cirrhosis of the liver].

The analysis of outcomes after the lymphovenous anastomosis on the neck of 52 patients with ascites due to cirrhosis of the liver are presented. In 16 cases ascites was arrested, in 15 patients there was a considerable elimination of ascites. In 14 cases the lympho-venous anastomosis resulted in stabilization of the ascitic syndrome, in 7 patients operation proved to be ineffective. In the nearest postoperative period 3 patients died. Two patients died of hemorrhage from the varicose-dilated veins of the esophagus an stomach, and one patients died of acute hepatic insufficiency. In the postoperative period and improvement of the functional state of the liver was noted. The authors propose to divide ascites into three stages which allowed to prognose results of the operation in the postoperative period and make the indications more definite.

Ascites↗
PubMed1977

Alimentary tract manifestations of multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b.

Alimentary tract manifestations were found in all of 17 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b. The manifestations are important because (1) they were chronic, (2) they were severe and led to abdominal operation in 5 patients, (3) they antedated detection of the endocrine neoplasms in the syndrome in 16 patients (94%), and (4) they provided clinical clues that stimulated search for thyroidal C-cell and adrenal medullary disease in 6 patients. The alimentary tract manifestations were diverse: symptoms included constipation, diarrhea, difficulty with feeding, projectile vomiting, crampy abdominal pain, and loud borborygmi; findings included thickened lips, nodules on the anterior third of the tongue, abdominal distention, visible peristaltic waves, and roentgenographic evidence of megacolon or diverticulosis of the colon or of dilatation of the small intestine and stomach. Initial misinterpretation or failure to realize the significance of one or more of these alimentary tract manifestations led to suspicion of aganglionic megacolon (three patients), malabsorption syndrome (two patients), and tracheal ring (one patient).

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Effect of acute gastric dilatation on gastric myoelectic and motor activity in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of experimentally induced acute gastric dilatation on electrical and mechanical activities of the stomach in dogs. ANIMALS: 7 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: Electrodes and strain-gauge force transducers were implanted on the serosal surface of the antrum and pylorus. Eight days later, baseline gastric electrical and contractile activities were recorded. The dogs were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated to maintain normocapnia while the stomach was distended (intragastric pressure, 30 mm Hg) for 180 minutes, using a thin compliant bag. Gastric electrical and contractile activities were recorded again on days 1 and 10 after dilatation. Recordings were analyzed to determine gastric slow-wave frequency, slow-wave dysrhythmia, propagation velocity of slow-waves, coupling of contractions to slow waves, motility index on the basis of relative contractile amplitudes, and onset of contractions after a standardized meal. RESULTS: Electrical or contractile activities were not significantly different 18 hours after acute gastric dilatation (day 1). Arrhythmias were evident before and after gastric dilatation in dogs from which food was withheld and in dogs after consumption of a meal. CONCLUSIONS: Variables for assessing gastric electrical and contractile activities were unaffected 18 hours after acute gastric dilatation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of results of this study indicated that altered electrical and contractile activities in dogs with short-term gastric dilatation are not likely to be secondary to the process of acute gastric dilatation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Carcinoma erysipelatoides originating from stomach adenocarcinoma.

Carcinoma erysipelatoides is an uncommon form of cutaneous metastasis, which is most commonly caused by breast carcinoma, it has rarely been linked to the primary cancers of other organs. We report a 36-year-old woman with carcinoma erysipelatoides originating from a gastric carcinoma. Immunohistochemical and morphologic studies of skin biopsies revealed that the signet ring cells in the dilated lymphatics originated from adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Observations on acute gastric dilatation in nonhuman primates.

In the years 1967-1977 we diagnosed 23 cases of acute gastric dilatation in monkeys. Fourteen of these animals were Macaca mulatta, five Macaca fascicularis, and one each of Macaca nemestrina, Aotus trivirgatus, Saimiri sciureus, and Colobus guereza. Fourteen of the animals were males, nine were females, and all were adults or subadults. Mortality was 78% (18 of 23 animals). Thirteen of the animals had received on anesthetic, immobilizing, or tranquilizing drug 1-2 days before developing acute gastric dilatation; seven monkeys were overfed, and two had been transferred from one area to another the day prior to developing the disease. Two animals were found dead in their cages with no apparent cause for the gastric dilatation. Five Macaca mulatta and three Macaca fascicularis recovered following treatment, but two Macaca mulatta subsequently succumbed to another episode of acute gastric dilatation. Treatment consisted of evacuation of the stomach, correction of blood volume deficits and acid-base disturbances by administration of appropriate fluids, and supportive therapy for shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

New perspectives in the surgical management of chronic pancreatitis.

Although the etiology of pain in chronic pancreatitis remains uncertain, that symptom remains the most common indication for surgery in these patients. Current endoscopic and imaging techniques now permit accurate definition of the morphology of the disease. Thus, surgical intervention can be more selectively applied to address specific abnormalities. Pancreaticojejunostomy should be the first line of surgical therapy if the ductal system is dilated. When, in addition, the head of the pancreas is enlarged and inflamed, the operation should include a localized resection of the head, preserving the stomach and duodenum. If the duct is not dilated, some form of pancreatic resection is indicated. The resection should be limited to the most severely diseased part of the pancreas. Efforts should be made to preserve as much pancreatic tissue as possible, while maintaining normal gastrointestinal continuity. In this way, the nutritional and metabolic consequences of pancreatic resection will be minimized.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1996

Activity of gastric mucosal nitric oxide synthase in portal hypertensive gastropathy.

OBJECTIVE: The importance of portal hypertensive gastropathy, as a potentially bleeding lesion in cirrhotics with portal hypertension, has recently been appreciated. Histologically, dilation of the mucosal and submucosal vessels of the stomach is noted in this entity. The possibility of nitric oxide acting as a mediator for this mucosal vascular dilation has not been explored. METHODS: We determined, in a group of 10 male cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices and endoscopic changes consistent with severe portal hypertensive gastropathy (Group A), the gastric mucosal nitric oxide synthase activity. This was determined by measuring the rate of conversion of [3H]-arginine to [3H]-citrulline. Serum levels of nitrates and nitrites, the end products of nitric oxide, were also measured. The results were compared with those of a group of 10 male controls with no liver disease (Group B). RESULTS: Gastric mucosal constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly higher in group A (125.4 +/- 4.3 and 259.7 +/- 5.5 pmol/mg protein/minute, respectively) than in group B (88 +/- 8.6 and 130.8 +/- 6.6 pmol/mg protein/minute, respectively) ( p < 0.002 and < 0.0001, respectively). Serum nitrate/nitrite levels were 30.1 +/- 3.2 nmol/ml in group A and 15.5 +/- 0.09 nmol/ml in group B (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the significantly increased gastric mucosal nitric oxide synthase activity, in patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy, suggests an important role for nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of this mucosal lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Ventral marsupialisation in the treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus in two dogs.

A ventral marsupialisation technique is described which was used successfully to manage gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in two large breed dogs. The procedure allowed the stomach to be completely and rapidly emptied and lavaged without peritoneal contamination. Drainage was maintained in the postoperative period for both dogs and the technique was expected to result in a permanent ventral gastropexy.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[A remarkably improved multimetastatic gastric cancer with the use of TS-1 and CDDP].

A 62-year-old male presented to our hospital with jaundice. On the abdominal ultrasound and abdominal CT, there was evidence of multiple, massive liver metastases with dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts, thickened wall of the stomach from the body to the antrum, direct invasion to the pancreas, multiple lymph node metastases, and ascites. We believed it was Stage IV and too far advanced for surgery. Therefore, ST-1 60 mg bid was started, and CDDP 50 mg was infused in the seventh week. On the follow-up CT and ultrasound three months later, the thickening of the gastric wall and the lymph node metastasis had improved and the border between the stomach and the pancreas had become clearer. The liver metastases seen on both lobes had decreased significantly both in size and number. The dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts disappeared, and the liver function normalized. No side effects were evident during the treatment with the medications.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1995

Pneumatic dilation for achalasia without fluoroscopic guidance: safety and efficacy.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the technique of pneumatic dilation for achalasia without fluoroscopic guidance and to assess its safety and efficacy. METHODS: Twenty-seven consecutive patients who underwent pneumatic dilation with the Rigiflex achalasia balloon under direct endoscopic visualization were reviewed. The balloon was passed into the stomach over a guidewire, withdrawn across the gastroesophageal junction, and dilated with the endoscope positioned proximally. Patients were graded pre- and posttreatment on the frequency of dysphagia, daytime regurgitation, nighttime symptoms, chest pain, and heartburn. Response was assessed by the improvement in dysphagia frequency. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients (16 females, 11 males; mean age 54.0 yr) underwent 30 pneumatic dilations. The 30-mm balloon was used in most cases (67%). The mean postdilation follow-up was 21.1 months (1.5-57.4 months). The range of inflation pressures was 8-18 psi (median 15 psi), and the duration of inflation was 30-120 s (median 90 s). Eighteen of 27 patients (67%) had excellent or good results, six (22%) had fair results, and three (11%) had poor results. The outcome of pneumatic dilation was successful in 78% of patients after a single dilation and in 89% of patients overall. There were no perforations related to balloon inflation. CONCLUSIONS: The Rigiflex balloon can be successfully positioned across the gastroesophageal junction and dilated under direct endoscopic observation. Pneumatic dilation for achalasia can therefore be performed simply, safely, and effectively without the use of fluoroscopy.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1994

Dilation treatment for achalasia by Chen's soft (fibrous) dilator. An observation of 233 cases.

From May 1987 to January 1993, 233 patients with achalasia admitted to our hospital had been treated using a self-invented soft (fibrous) esophageal dilator, including 16 patients who failed in Heller's myotomy. 228 (97.85%) patients were dilated by way of mouth, 3 (1.29%) by way of stomach and 2 (0.86%) had had a transthoracic operation because of the rupture of the esophagus due to dilation. 19 (8.15%) came back to have the second dilation and 2 the third dilation. 73 (31.33%) cases were dilated in the out-patient department. In 97.85% of the patients, excellent and good results were obtained, through once, twice or thrice of dilation by way of mouth. No esophageal reflux or any sequela was seen after dilation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Thickened stomach--an ultrasound sign of portal hypertension.

Congestive gastrophy occurs with portal hypertension and is associated with vascular changes including dilatation and tortuosity of the submucous veins. Transabdominal ultrasound measurements of the stomach were made to determine whether these changes resulted in increased thickness of the stomach in patients with established cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Mean thickness of the antrum and body was 22.15 mm (range 13-31 mm) and 22.2 mm (range 13-31 mm) respectively in patients with portal hypertension: in the control group measurements of the antrum and body were 13.8 mm (range 8-20 mm) and 14.05 mm (range 11-19 mm) respectively (P less than 0.01 for both antrum and body). A thickened stomach may indicate the presence of portal hypertension.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Conservative management of esophageal stricture using dilatation and antireflux therapy.

Ninety patients with benign esophageal stricture were treated conservatively with bougienage, antireflux, and antacid therapy. There was improvement in 79% of these patients, only 14% were unchanged, and 7% became worse. Only three patients eventually were operated upon. Bougienage was accomplished in many cases using the fiberscope as a bougie, followed by progressive dilatations with soft mercury-filled dilators. Many patients had initial dilatation with a guidewire placed through the stricture into the stomach under direct vision through the fiberscope. All patients were treated with antireflux measures and antacid subsequent to their dilatations. These measures were found to be both safe and effective in most cases. Surgery was believed to be indicated only in patients who failed to respond to these measures.

Antacids↗