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Single thermographic measurements and follow up studies in hematogenous osteomyelitis demonstrate that thermography can be used--under certain restrictions--as a supplementary diagnostic procedure to evaluate the activity of inflammatory bone disease.
121 patients with different affections of the thyroid were examined by the method of color thermography. In patients with signs of hyperthyroidism or inflammation of the thyroid a local skin hyperthermia of the anterior jugular surface was observed. In the presence of euthyroid or hypothyroid struma skin temperature changes are either entirely absent, or there is a moderately pronounced local hypothermia. Cancer of the thyroid, as a rule, causes a more pronounced local skin hypothermia on the anterior jugular aspect.
The article shows the author's exploratory opinion about the processing method of infrared thermography for the diagnosis of diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: To use infrared thermography to take cat cerebral cortical temperature in order to visualize the temperature of its entire cerebral cortex as an image. METHODS: After performing craniotomy for exposure of cerebral hemispheres in 52 cats, their cortical temperatures were displayed and analyzed by computerized infrared thermovision. RESULTS: The temperature distribution of the cerebral cortex was uneven, with a maximum difference of 2.3 degrees C among different cortical areas. The temperature in the cortical anterior-inferior area (including the Ant. Ectosylvian, the lower section of Mid. Ectosylvian and the Ant. Sylvian) was higher compared to the temperature in the posterior-super-parts (Post. Suprasylvian, Mid. Suprasylvian, Post. Lateral and Ant. Lateral). Locations with higher or lower temperatures showed little change within three days after craniotomy, and the cortical temperature held steady. CONCLUSION: The use of cortical infrared thermo-images for display of cat cortical temperature is possible and has many advantages over traditional methods. This new neuroimaging method has a practical value in neurological research.
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques are characterised by a large lipid core and a thin fibrous cap infiltrated with activated inflammatory cells. Heat is a cardinal sign of local inflammation, and atherosclerotic lesions display thermal heterogeneity, with increased temperature being correlated with inflammatory cell density, unstable clinical presentation, and unfavourable outcome after percutaneous interventions. Thermography is a promising new technique for assessment of atheroclerotic plaque composition.
The purpose of this experiment was to observe and measure the distribution of heat to bones and the maximum temperature that developed when cutting bone with drills. Generation of heat that spread in the presence or absence of irrigation when drilling with IMZ, Brånemark, and ITI implant (F type) drills was observed in the pig rib via thermography. Without irrigation, the condition of heat spread in each drill and bur differed according to bur shape and drilling site. Maximum heat temperature without irrigation was higher than that with irrigation for any IMZ, ITI, and Brånemark drill.
OBJECTIVE: This study tested whether two distinct thermographic patterns attributed to myofascial trigger points could distinguish between active and latent trigger points. DESIGN: A retrospective chart survey was undertaken with thermographic data divided into two groups: a) increased thermal emission only over the trigger point and b) over the area of pain referral. The criterion standard used in a blinded comparison was physical examination findings separating active from latent trigger points. SETTING: All cases were drawn from a private practice referral center for thermographic evaluation of neck and low back injuries. PATIENTS: A sample of 65 cases showing physical examination findings of trigger points was chosen from 229 consecutive motor vehicle accident case files. RESULTS: There was moderate agreement between the two methods of differentiating active from latent latent trigger points (Kappa = 0.44) with a specificity of 0.70 and a sensitivity of 0.74. When cases in which spinal segmental dysfunction were eliminated, the agreement increased (Kappa = 0.54) with specificity of 0.82 and sensitivity of 0.74. CONCLUSIONS: Thermography may be a useful tool in distinguishing active from latent trigger points, but the thermal imaging of spinal joint dysfunction may be a compounding factor.
The authors studied the aspects of the thermographic picture of the skin, abdomen in patients suffering of gastric and duodenal ulcer as compared with endoscopic and roentgenological methods, their dynamics in the course of treatment. The method of fluid crystalline thermography is recommended as a diagnostic test in conditions of limited diagnostic opportunities.
The authors undertook comparative evaluation of the various methods of diagnosis of obliterative diseases of the lower limb vessels in 32 patients with II-III stage arteriosclerosis obliterans. Comparison of the results of arteriography, ultrasonic dopplerography, and objective examination with those of thermovision examination led to the conclusion that the method is valuable in revealing the condition of the collateral bed and microcirculation and the compensatory mechanism of circulation on the whole. In similar treatment in groups of patients formed according to the level of obliteration of the vessels and the thermographic picture, the best results were produced in those groups in which the intensity of the infrared rays was higher, which allowed the conclusion that thermography possesses not only diagnostic but also prognostic significance.
Because the use of radioactive fibrinogen uptake test (FUT) has become questionable both for ethical (risk of virus transmission) and technical (lack of sensitivity) reasons, we investigated the potential value of two alternative methods for screening of asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis following elective digestive surgery: liquid crystal contact thermography (LCCT) and measurement of plasma concentration of D-dimer (DD), as compared with bilateral ascending phlebography. Out of 194 patients, 185 underwent phlebography on the 8th (0-19, median and range) postoperative day. Despite prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin and elastic stockings, DVT was detected on phlebography in 58 legs of 45 patients. Sensitivity of LCCT with respect to the presence of DVT was 55% (n = 184 patients) or 28% (n = 368 legs) with a specificity of 67% and 82%, respectively. These poor performances were obtained despite a good interobserver agreement for the LCCT assessments (overall kappa coefficient of 0.66 between three experts). The most accurate cut-off of DD for discriminating patients with or without DVT was 3,000 micrograms/l, as determined by ROC curve analysis. Sensitivity of a DD level of more than 3,000 micrograms/l for the presence of phlebographically documented DVT on the 8th postoperative day was 89% for a specificity of 48%. Thus, LCCT cannot be used for screening of postoperative, mainly asymptomatic DVT following general surgery. On the other hand, measurement of plasma DD may be useful for initial screening, a negative result (level less than 3,000 micrograms/l) allowing to exclude DVT (negative predictive value of 93%) and a positive result (positive predictive value of 35%) requiring confirmation by phlebography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In combination with X-ray mammography and clinical examination thermography adds to the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis. Thermographic examinations can be repeated at short intervals with no radiation hazard to the patient. However, performing and interpreting thermograms requires meticulous training. It was found that women with an abnormal thermogram are at a higher risk and have a poorer prognosis. A change in the thermal pattern is often the earliest sign of a cancer. The authors believe that the fault lies in misinterpretation of the thermogram, rather than the thermogram itself. Computer stimulations could be an adjunct tool to help the clinician in the interpretation.
Thermography has been reported to be usefull in the detection and characterization of nervous diseases. Recently, however, some papers report that it is not useful. In this paper, problems including its history, and measures to solve them are discussed. It is proposed that methods to distinguish patients from normal subjects and information that cannot be obtained by other tests, are needed.
The common factor in most of the rheumatic diseases is an arthritis. Radiometry and thermography have been shown to indicate and measure heat resulting from localised inflammation. In rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, osteoarthrosis, gout and ankylosing spondylitis abnormal heat distribution has been recorded over affected joints. Experimental evidence has shown that temperature change reflects the inflammatory state of the joint, and that this may be used to measure the effect of therapy by oral, systemic and local drug therapy, and also surgery, i.e. synovectomy.
With the present level of experience and with current equipment, thermography does not seem sufficiently reliable to substitute for either clinical examination or mammography in breast cancer detection. It is, however, of adjunctive value and can be used in frequent screening and in younger individuals. Women with positive thermograms should be followed more closely, both clinically and radiographically, than the average patient.
Forty-four children aged 6 months to 14 years, suffering from endogenous uveitis of various sites were examined at different phases of the diseases by a scanning type apparatus, AGA-780M-thermographer (Sweden). The results permit a conclusion that long-distance thermography may be effectively used to assess the ocular status even in small restless children. Uveitis active phase was found associated with a hyperthermal reaction in all the examined sites. Hyperthermia was found related to uveitis localization. The authors suggest that thermoasymmetry parameters and the corneolimbic gradient be used as additional objective criteria for the assessment of uveitis activity and dissemination in children.
Clinical and statistical results obtained from the examination of a group of 65 healthy men, whose skin temperatures were measured at rest and during reflex thermal vasodilatation, are evaluated. Skin temperature was measured by infrared thermography under standard conditions on 5 locations. The assessment included changes in skin temperature in relation to the measured site, resting temperature, probands' age and estimation of lateral symmetry. The conclusions are documented by graphs giving the pattern of temperature changes for the whole group and subgroups of acropoikilothermal and acrohomoiothermal individuals.
The basic premises of thermographic analysis for low back problems are that variations in skin temperature signify certain and specific underlying disease processes. The newer technologic advances for monitoring skin temperature raise the questions of whether thermography is an adequate substitute for invasive diagnostic tools such as electromyography and myelography or computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This article discusses the basic concepts, procedures, clinical experiences, postoperative studies and chronic low back syndromes, and thermograms.
This study presents a detailed example of the examination of the tooth treated by thermal therapy, by infrared thermography and the different manners to show the results of the examination. The results of the work shows: the thermal diffusion into the tooth is similar to the thermal diffusion into an isotropic environment, the fusion heat of the dentine is reached without any damage to the pulp. The study of the tooth treated by the thermal action of the MICRO PLASMA SYSTEM confirms the thérapeutical effects of the thermal treatment without any damage to the pulp.