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Aspiration of an unerupted permanent tooth during maxillofacial trauma.
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Unusual radiographic findings from orthopantomograms: 2 case reports.
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Examination of the failure of a Wiptam-post-restored tooth.
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Survival rates and reasons for failure of posterior composite restorations in multicentre clinical trial.
n a multicentre clinical trial consisting of 12 centres, 232 amalgam and 932 composite Class I and Class II restorations were placed in 447 adult patients. At the 4-year review 76 per cent of patients with 71 per cent of the restorations were retrieved. In 8 centres after 4 years and 4 centres after 5 years a total of 12 amalgam and 92 Occlusin restorations had been replaced, having been considered to have failed. The reasons for failure were classified into three types: Type 1, related to the restoration (loss of material, recurrent caries and unacceptable marginal adaptation); Type 2, related to the restorative process (pulpal involvement, primary caries, tooth fracture and unacceptable contact) and Type 3, caused by external factors. A greater proportion of the restorations of Occlusin were replaced than the restorations of amalgam. For the restorations of Occlusin the reasons for failure were: Type 1, 59 per cent; Type 2, 32 per cent and Type 3, 9 per cent. Loss of material and recurrent caries accounted for the failure of 35 and 13 restorations of Occlusin respectively. The main Type 2 reasons for failure of the restorations of Occlusin were pulpal involvement (16 restorations) and primary caries (9 restorations). The overall 4-year survival of Occlusin restorations relative to Type 1 and to Type 1 + Type 2 reasons for failure was 96 per cent and 93 per cent respectively. The centre was found to have a significant influence on the survival rate in both analyses.
Fundamentals of endodontics.
Endodontic disease is a highly prevalent (>10% of all dogs) and insidiously painful process that can have significant local and systemic effects. The root canal system is a delicate organ and is prone to inflammation, infection, and partial and complete necrosis. Vital pulp therapy must be performed quickly, gently, and meticulously if it is to be effective. The relatively high rate of failure in direct pulp capping makes regular follow-up radiographs of critical importance to ensure patient health. Once a tooth is dead, there are often no obvious clinical signs; therefore, clinicians must be educated in the diagnosis of the disease processes. Once properly educated, the practitioner must remain vigilant for subtle signs of the disease process. Standard root canal therapy is an effective method of removing the inflammation, infection, and associated discomfort of the endodontically diseased tooth while maintaining its function. Endodontic failure most likely remains hidden unless dental radiology is used. Follow-up radiographs at regular intervals throughout the patient's life are critical for ensuring the long-term success of any endodontic therapy.
Residual dentin thickness in bifurcated maxillary premolars after root canal and dowel space preparation.
Residual dentin thickness in 25 extracted bifurcated maxillary premolars after canal and Parapost preparation was assessed using acrylic muffle, after embedding in polyester resin and sectioned horizontally. After each procedure, the residual dentin thickness was compared to the original dentin thickness at eight aspects in three root levels. Residual dentin thickness measurements were calculated using photographs and a Digitizer. In the lingual aspect, the original dentin thickness averaged 0.99 mm (coronal slice) and 0.78 mm (middle slice). Dentin removal after dowel preparation was 31%. Three-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used. The difference in residual dentin thickness was highly significant regarding procedure (canal and dowel preparation, p < 0.0001), slice (middle, coronal, p < 0.0001), and the eight aspects (p < 0.0001). This in vitro study emphasizes the minimal dentin width of the buccal root, especially towards the bifurcation. Thus, dowels should be avoided in this root.
Success of technique is seconded.
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Orthodontic extrusion and biologic width realignment procedures: methods for reclaiming nonrestorable teeth.
A multidisciplinary approach to the management of teeth traditionally classified as nonrestorable is presented. Three case histories are described in which such teeth are extruded orthodontically, the gingiva and biologic width are repositioned apically, and the teeth are restored.
Development of a simplified system for clinical evaluation of occlusal interrelationships. Part I. Acquisition of information.
The development of a standardized method of collecting data from a questionnaire and a simplified, yet relatively complete, occlusal and temporomandibular examination form has been described. The questionnaire and clinical examination form have evolved from earlier forms developed by the author1 which have been used in numerous private offices and institutions for a period of five years. These earlier forms have now been augmented and modified as a result of personal consultation with users of earlier forms and numerous clinical and academic authorites.2-27 The selection of information to be obtained through the use of the questionnaire and clinical examination forms was further influenced by the work of numerous authors.28-63 Part II of this report deals with (1) the development of a companion Data Processing Form and a method of transcribing to this form the data from the Patient Questionnaire and clinical examination forms, as well as (2) key-punch instructions consistent with data processing requirements.
[Sequelae of dental trauma: forensic medical aspects].
Dental trauma is a frequent condition which may occur alone or in combination with craniofacial trauma and/or other injuries. Many factors influence the gravity of the trauma and subsequent prognosis including age, anterior state, trauma etiology, treatment and follow up. In order to establish a prudent provisional or definitive expertise, the medical expert must have a panoramic view of the trauma. Time should be taken to consolidate facts and estimate prejudices on sound evidence. In certain cases outcome can be predicted. The medical expert should provide advice and counselling both for the patient and the mandating authority. In this article, iatrogenic dental accidents occurring during anesthesia or extraction will not be discussed.
Dental radiographic technique and interpretation.
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Endodontic stabilizers.
With the recent influx of osseointegrated endosseous implants in dentistry, attention has been drawn away from using endodontic stabilizers as a means of stabilizing and retaining teeth. It is our opinion that endodontic stabilizers should be considered in the treatment planning of seemingly nonretainable teeth. They are biocompatible and have the additional advantage of maintaining the periodontal membrane attachment of the remaining tooth. Extraction and subsequent replacement with osseointegrated implants should only be considered after all other means of retaining the natural tooth have been fully explored. Selective case studies from various areas of the dentition demonstrate the broad applicability of stabilizers. A technique is presented for the use of endodontic stabilizers.
Preliminary investigation of ultrasonic root end preparation.
Recently, an ultrasonic instrument intended for root end preparation during periapical surgery has become commercially available. This study evaluated root end preparations in 30 extracted human teeth, comparing those prepared with ultrasonic instrumentation to teeth prepared in a traditional manner with a microhandpiece and to teeth prepared using a combination of the microhandpiece and the ultrasonic instrument. Specimens were evaluated for size of preparation, preparation debridement, and time required for preparation. Preparations with the ultrasonic device were found to be significantly smaller than the other techniques evaluated. Traditional and combined techniques resulted in greater debridement under the conditions of the study, and only the combined technique demonstrated an increase in time required for preparation. Ultrasonic instrumentation may provide significant advantages in the treatment of deeply fluted roots when an isthmus is present by reducing the risk of root perforation.
The twenty-five cent crack detector.
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Subcrestal retention of endodontically treated roots: discussion and report of case.
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An unusual vertical fracure of the root.
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Endoscopy as an aid to endodontic diagnosis.
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