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PubMed1993

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus: a report of two cases.

Among 137 cases of esophageal neoplasms surgically treated at Kobe City General Hospital from 1983 to 1990, there were two patients with a huge polypoid lesion identified as carcinosarcoma by light microscopic examination, both of whom underwent radical resection and esophagogastrostomy. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens revealed the tumors to be composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Additional immunohistochemical examination disclosed keratin-positive cells in the carcinomatous element and vimentin-positive cells in the sarcomatous element. In case 1, keratin-positive cells were also found in the sarcomatous element, which suggested that the sarcomatous cells were derived from epithelial cells. Despite the huge size of the tumors, the depth of invasion to the esophageal wall was limited to the mucosal layer in case 1 and the submucosal layer in case 2, and there has been no evidence of recurrence in either case since surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Carcinosarcoma in Barrett's oesophagus: a case report with immunohistological examination.

A case of a carcinosarcoma which developed in a Barrett's oesophagus is presented. The tumour consisted of an adenocarcinoma and a spindle cell sarcoma. Immunohistological examinations demonstrated vimentin positivity in the sarcomatous portion with a negative reaction for keratin. Immunohistological and histological findings did not rule out the possibility of a double or collision tumour in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder: a distinct variant characterized by small cell undifferentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine features.

The clinicopathological features of two carcinosarcomas of the urinary bladder are reported. The tumours occurred in a 64- and a 66-year-old patient presenting with haematuria and both were polypoid. The epithelial component was consistent with small cell undifferentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, whereas the sarcomatous component did not display specific features. The carcinomatous component showed immunohistochemical reactivity for different epithelial markers as well as for chromogranin and neuron specific enolase. Conversely, the sarcomatous cells stained strongly for vimentin and in one case for muscle actin and smooth muscle actin. The differential diagnosis of biphasic tumours of the bladder is discussed and the literature reviewed.

Actins↗
PubMed1981

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus--a case report.

We report a case of true esophageal carcinosarcoma, in which well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and spindle-shaped cell sarcoma were intermingled in the primary and metastatic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

True carcinosarcoma of the colon. Case report.

A second case of true carcinosarcoma of the colon is reported. A 79-year-old women was diagnosed as having an obstructing tumour of the caecum and liver metastases in both lobes. Histological examination of operative specimen from a right hemicolectomy revealed malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Despite postoperative chemotherapy, the patient died of liver failure resulting from extensive metastatic growth.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Carcinosarcoma of the bladder.

We present a case of carcinosarcoma of the bladder, the first in our experience. This tumour is generally considered to be a rare one, has uncertain aetiology and poor prognosis. At present, radical cystectomy is the treatment of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Development and characterization of a human cell line from an ovarian mixed Müllerian tumor (carcinosarcoma).

A cell line derived from a human ovarian carcinosarcoma was established in tissue culture and in nude mice. Two sublines, LDF and HDF, separated by discontinuous density centrifugation were also established from the parent line JoN. The cloning efficiency of the JoN line was 21%. Morphologic features of adenocarcinoma cells characteristic of the parent JoN cells were retained in the sublines and clones; all lines showed the same karyotype and DNA content (pseudodiploid and pseudotetraploid). Keratin, as demonstrated immunohistochemically, was strongly expressed in the parent line JoN and the xenograft tumor, but not at all in the LDF sublines and only moderately in the HDF sublines. Vimentin, however, was expressed in neither the parent line JoN nor the xenograft tumor, but was present in both sublines. Transglutaminase and plasminogen activator activity was high in the parent line JoN. Neither, sublines nor clones showed the same high enzyme activity as the parent line. It is concluded that this human tumor line JoN is comprised of epithelial cells, capable of multidirectional differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hepatic carcinosarcoma demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy.

A case of a primary hepatic carcinosarcoma, a very uncommon liver tumor in adults, demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy, was reported. The liver image showed a lesion of low activity in the left lobe of the liver, whereas the Ga-67 image showed a moderate accumulation in the lesion detected by the liver scan and further indicated a high accumulation extending downwards from the hepatic lesion. An autopsy revealed that the huge abdominal tumor was composed of hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant mesenchymoma in the left hepatic lobe and in the lower part of the tumor, respectively. The Ga-67 image demonstrated these two different histological components of the tumor.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed2002

Immunohistomorphologic and molecular cytogenetic analysis of a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder.

Carcinosarcomas of the urinary bladder are malignant biphasic tumors with an epithelial and a spindle cell component. For the histogenesis of the two components, a biclonal and a monoclonal origin are discussed. We present the immunomorphology and molecular cytogenetics of such a case. The immunohistology of biopsies of the urinary bladder revealed a poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma (GIII) and a co-existing pleomorphic, spindle cell leiomyosarcoma (GIII). The two components were microdissected and further analyzed for gains and losses of chromosomal material using comparative genomic hybridization. In addition, loss of heterozygosity analyses were included. The tumor components revealed as overlapping core aberrations losses on the short arm of chromosome 9 and on the long arm of chromosome 11. However, both components showed additional aberrations exclusively detected in one of the components. The occurrence of overlapping aberrations strongly argues for a monoclonal origin of this tumor with a common ancestor. The additional aberrations of the components point to an independent and divergent course of tumor progression in both components.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Carcinosarcoma of the prostate: two cases with distinctive morphologic and immunohistochemical findings.

Carcinosarcomas (CS) of the prostate are very uncommon neoplasms defined by the admixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. We describe here two new examples of CS in two patients aged 66 and 77 years, the first without previous history of prostate adenocarcinoma and the second with a 5-year history of acinar type prostate adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of CS was made on the cystoprostatectomy specimen in the first case and transurethral resection in the second case. Both biphasic tumours exhibited papillary areas of ductal differentiation and conventional adenocarcinoma in the epithelial component, as well as malignant fibrous histiocytoma and angiosarcomatous areas in the first case and solid, poorly differentiated epithelial areas with neuroendocrine features in the second case. Immunohistochemistry revealed over-expression of c-erb B2 in the papillary epithelial component of both cases, whereas the solid undifferentiated epithelial areas in the second patient expressed c-kit, CD10 and synaptophysin, thus conforming a very undifferentiated cell population. The angiosarcomatous component of the first case expressed CD31 and CD10. The clinical course of the cases was divergent; the first patient is free of disease after radical surgery and adjuvant therapy and the other died 5 months after the diagnosis of CS, having already developed liver metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Characteristics of rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines derived from uterine carcinosarcomas.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is occasionally found in the female genital tract, and mostly appears as one of the heterologous mesenchymal components in uterine carcinosarcoma designated as malignant mixed mullerian tumour (MMMT). We examined the biological properties of a pure rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cell line designated FU-MMT-3, which was newly established from a surgical specimen taken from a patient with uterine MMMT. We also evaluated c-myc and MYCN gene amplification in three RMS cell lines (including FU-MMT-3) derived from three MMMTs by Southern blot analysis. FU-MMT-3 cells were propagated continuously for 57 serial passages over a 2-year period in vitro. FU-MMT-3 was able to produce tumours demonstrating pure RMS in athymic nude mice. Cytogenetically, FU-MMT-3 showed a triploidy pattern, with complex karyotypic abnormalities including trisomy of chromosome 8. All three RMS cell lines, including FU-MMT-3, showed amplification of the c-myc gene (approximately fourfold to eightfold), while no cell lines demonstrated MYCN gene amplification. FU-MMT-3 is considered to provide a useful system for the study of the biological behaviour of RMS in MMMTs. Extra copies of chromosome 8 and c-myc gene amplification may be associated with the rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in MMMT.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Carcinosarcoma of the rectosigmoid colon: report of a case.

We report an unusual case of carcinosarcoma of the colon. An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a large pelvic mass, 18cm in maximal diameter, and barium enema and colonoscopy both showed a type-2 tumor in the sigmoid colon. We performed Hartmann's procedure with resection of the ileocolic segment. Immunohistochemical stains of the resected specimen revealed that most of the tumor consisted of spindle cell sarcoma with neural and muscle differentiation, while only the superficial area of an ulcerated lesion contained adenocarcinoma positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. The patient died of a fast-growing recurrent pelvic tumor 6 months postoperatively. Our experience of this case and our review of eight other cases in the English literature indicate that wide resection provides the best chance of cure, but careful postoperative follow-up is essential.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Endometrial müllerian carcinosarcoma after cessation of tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer.

The aim of this report is to draw the attention of clinicians to the possible occurrence of endometrial cancers of rare histological type among women currently undergoing or having in the past undergone tamoxifen therapy, in particular for breast cancer. We report a case of heterologous mixed malignant müller tumor occurring in an 80-year-old woman. At 69, she had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received tamoxifen for a total of 55 months over a 6-year period. In the 5th year after cessation of tamoxifen therapy, an endometrial carcinosarcoma was diagnosed. Although the association between tamoxifen use and endometrial cancer is recognized, only a few reports of occurrence long after cessation of therapy exist. We believe ours is the second for this particular histological type. Tamoxifen may have played a role in the occurrence of this tumor although it is also known that this type of tumor may arise de novo in elderly women. The etiologic hypothesis obtained from this case description will now be tested in a formal epidemiological investigation which hopefully will provide more definitive evidence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Coexpression of keratin and desmin in a carcinosarcoma involving the maxillary alveolar ridge.

Immunohistochemical determination of the class of intermediate filaments (keratins, vimentin, desmin, neurofilaments, and glial fibrillary acidic protein) expressed by tumors has become an important diagnostic procedure for the histogenetic classification of neoplasms. A case of a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm of the maxillary alveolar ridge which coexpressed keratin and desmin types of intermediate filaments is reported. These intermediate filaments have been associated with epithelial and muscle cell differentiation, respectively. The morphologic features of the tumor plus the expression of both these intermediate filaments indicate that this neoplasm represents a true carcinosarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

True malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcoma) of salivary glands.

True malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas) of salivary glands are of a high grade of malignancy and are distinguishable from the more frequently occurring carcinomas ex pleomorphic adenoma. Having a putative origin from a benign pleomorphic adenoma, the true malignant mixed tumor is an aggressive, often rapidly lethal neoplasm in which the sarcomatous element is most often a chondrosarcoma and the epithelial element is most often a ductal carcinoma. The twelve cases in this report represent the largest recorded series to date.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1988

Generation of monoclonal antibodies against human carcinosarcoma cell line for identification of myoepithelium and basement membrane.

An immunohistochemical method is described for identification of myoepithelial cells and basement membrane for cryostat tissue sections of normal, benign, and in situ carcinomas of the breast using two monoclonal antibodies 155C1 and 155D10 generated against human breast carcinosarcoma cell line HS578T. In the majority of infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the breast, there was a discontinuity in the myoepithelial cell layer, as a result an intact basement membrane could not be visualized. The reactivity of these two monoclonal antibodies might prove useful in the study of myoepithelial differentiation antigens and in the delineation of basement membrane. Among the other types of tissues studied, prominent staining was present with soft tissue tumors like leiomyosarcoma and synovial sarcoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗