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Results for “DISABILITY EVALUATION”

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PubMed2005

The factor validity of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index.

BACKGROUND: The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a self-report questionnaire developed specifically to evaluate disability in persons with pathology of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. The authors created items in 5 categories based on a model of quality of life, but never validated this structure. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the original 5-domain model of the WORC by performing factor analysis. METHODS: Three hundred twenty nine subjects (age, mean: 52, SD: 12) were tested prior to undergoing surgery for rotator cuff pathologies. They completed the WORC, a self-report questionnaire, which has 21 items on the effect of the rotator cuff problem on symptoms, activities and emotions. Statistical calculations included correlations between items, Cronbach's alpha of the total scale and subscales, and principal component factor analysis with oblique rotation. RESULTS: Correlations ranged from .09 to .70 between all the items, from .29 to .70 between items within a subscale, and from .53 to .72 between subscale scores. Cronbach's alpha was .93 for the total scale, and .72 to .82 for the subscales. The factor analysis produced 3 factors that explained 57% of the variance. The first factor included symptoms and emotional items, the second included strength items and the third included daily activities. CONCLUSION: The results of this study did not support the 5-domain model of the WORC.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Neuropsychological performance and integrated evaluation for disabled people using Virtual Reality: integrated VR profile.

This chapter describes a Virtual Reality (VR) based innovative model of evaluation of the performance and potentiality of young mentally/psychically disabled subjects with learning difficulties. Using an immersive PC-based VR system, the study investigated the characteristics of 150 disabled subjects in the EU funded project "Horizon O.D.A.--Catania-1998--2000". The result is the definition of an individual neuropsychological "Integrated Profile", based on VR performance, that allows an objective functional benchmark between different subjects. This model can be used to investigate the possibility of job integration for mentally/psychically disabled subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Evaluating child disability programmes: the role of commissioners.

The paper briefly reviews the role of a health care commissioner in planning and evaluating children's disability services, an area with a strong statutory framework but a paucity of guidance. It also explores how different aspects of evaluation apply to commissioning.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Increasing opportunities for requesting in classrooms serving children with developmental disabilities.

Evaluated an intervention package for increasing requesting opportunities in special education classrooms. Five teachers, serving 26 children with moderate to severe disabilities, received in-service training, consultation, and feedback on the use of three strategies designed to create opportunities for requesting (i.e., missing item, interrupted chain, delayed assistance). Observations were conducted in a multiple-baseline across classrooms design to record the number and types of opportunities provided by each teacher. During baseline, few opportunities for requesting were observed. The number of opportunities for requesting and the number of correct student responses increased during intervention. Opportunities continued to be provided during generalization and follow-up sessions. The study demonstrated an effective strategy for helping teachers incorporate opportunities for functional communication into the natural environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of disability and handicap following injury.

Disability and handicap outcome measures are fundamental components of trauma system evaluation. These outcomes are described for survivors of major trauma, attended by the HEMS, London system. Together with measures of injury severity, three functional instruments (Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and return to pre-injury work status (RTW)) were used to measure outcome in 201 trauma patients. By 12 months post injury 84.1% of cases were independent in Motor FIM, 88.1% in Cognitive FIM, 79.1% had good outcomes in GOS (grades 4 and 5) and 69.2% had returned to work. The functional measures showed a statistically significant relationship with minor and major and trauma (ISS < 16 and > or = 16): FIM (motor p < 0.002; cognitive p < 0.0003), GOS (p < 0.002) and RTW (p < 0.002). Division according to severity of principal injury confirmed the greatest disability and handicap resulted from the severest injuries (AIS 4-5): 68.9% achieved independence in Motor FIM, 73% in Cognitive FIM and only 40% returned to work. When grouped according to body region of principal injury, neurological injury, particularly severe injury (AIS 4-5) to head and spinal cord regions showed the poorest outcomes. FIM, GOS and RTW are recommended as standard indicators of disability and handicap for trauma registries and outcome studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comprehensive evaluation of disability risk associated with diseases of circulation].

Diagnostic table for predicting the risk of disability for cardiovascular patients has been developed in order to improve expert evaluations, update the knowledge of physicians on new approaches to medicosocial expert evaluations of patients and disabled subjects, remove discoordination in clinical and expert activities of physicians, reduce the number of unjustified directions to bureaus of medicosocial expert evaluations, and timely diagnose limited vital activities of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Late life function and disability instrument: I. Development and evaluation of the disability component.

BACKGROUND: Efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical and community-based interventions designed to impact late-life disability have been hindered significantly by limitations in current instrumentation. More conceptually sound and responsive measures of disability are needed. METHODS: Applying Nagi's disablement model, we wrote questionnaire items that assessed disability in terms of frequency and limitation in performance of 25 life tasks. We evaluated their validity and test-retest reliability with 150 ethnically and racially diverse adults aged 60 and older who had a range of functional limitations, using factor analysis and Rasch analytic techniques to examine and refine the instrument. RESULTS: Our analyses resulted in a 16-item disability component with two dimensions, one focused on frequency of performance and the other addressing limitation in performance of life tasks, with two disability domains within each dimension. The frequency dimension consisted of a personal and a social role domain, and the limitation dimension consisted of an instrumental and a management role domain. Expected differences in summary scores of known-functional limitation groups support the validity of this instrument. Test-retest intraclass correlations of the reproducibility of each overall dimension summary score were moderate to high (intraclass correlation coefficients .68-.82). CONCLUSIONS: The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument has potential to assess meaningful concepts of disability across a wide variety of life tasks with relatively few items.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Development of a scoring system to assess disability in an Italian elderly population. Evaluation of a disability questionnaire.

Functional disability was evaluated in a cross-section sample of 671 persons, aged > or = 60 years attending the Local Health Care Unit of Borgo San Dalmazzo, Cuneo, Italy, by the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) questionnaire. The unidimensionality of the item set and grading order of severity were studied by Multiple Correspondence Analysis; cumulativeness was examined by Guttman scale-analysis. The OECD set measured two dimensions of disability, physical and sensorial. By excluding the six items that caused the greatest loss of homogeneity, a reduced set of ten items was obtained that was cumulative (Reproducibility coefficient = 0.934 and Scalability coefficient = 0.778) and also produced a simpler score (0-10 points scale). Based on this score, 40% of the subjects presented no disability in running 100 metres (the most difficult task), and males were less disabled than females (p = 0.001). The level of functional disability was slightly decreased in males, and nearly uniform in females up to 70-74 years, after which a clear decrease appeared (p = 0.001). The more disabled aged state a need for a higher number of health services (injection and physical therapy, nursing hospital, nursing home, physician), but knowledge and use of these services are not clearly related to physical function. Based on our results, the choice of scaling appears irrelevant if the homogeneity of the item set is checked; if the cumulative criterion is identified, the use of a simplified cumulative score can be proposed as a sensitive measure of disability, and indirectly, the amount of personal assistance needed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

The psychological treatment of tinnitus: an experimental evaluation.

Disabling tinnitus in 27 patients was treated in an experimental setting with two different type of therapy aiming at the development of coping behaviour. One was focused on behavioural control procedures, while the other aimed at more cognitive control methods such as distraction. The results of the two forms of therapy were compared with each other and with observations of the untreated control subjects. Assessments of subjective loudness, discomfort from tinnitus and controllability were made on analogue scales and at a questionnaire follow-up. Psychoacoustic measures such as personal loudness units (PLU) were used in connection with these self-recordings and for evaluation of treatment effects. The results confirmed favourable reports on behavioural methods in tinnitus. However, no differences were found between therapies. The results are discussed in the light of the coping and adaptation theory.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of disability and of results of rehabilitation with the use of the Barthel index and Russek's classification.

At a rehabilitation medicine unit for mainly vascular lower-limb amputees the use of simple and comparable methods of evaluation of gait performance (Russek's classification) and activities of daily living (the Barthel index) have been studied. Results of the two methods correlate and both have prognostic value concerning rehabilitation outcome.

Activities of Daily Living↗