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PubMedDate not supplied

[Medico-biological evaluation of sodium salt of nitrofurylacrylic acid as a food additive].

Nitrofurylacrylic acid sodium salt is a substance of moderate toxicity. Its LD50 for male rats after oral administration comprises 1220 mg/kg, for female rats--1400 mg/kg. The minimal toxic dose, in case of long-term administration comprises 14 mg/kg. At the level of doses from 0.04 to 4.0 mg/kg no mutagenic effect was detected. Oral and subcutaneous administration of minimal tolerance doses of the agent induced formation of malignant neoplasms developing, predominantly, from the epithelial tissue, with localization depending on the route of the agent administration. A conclusion has been made on impossibility of using this substance as a food additive.

Acrylates↗
PubMed2002

[Biologically active food additives: their role in human body sanitation and in prophylaxis of alimentary-dependent diseases].

The different aspects of the problem of health maintaining and strengthening are discussed. The special attention is devoted to the problem of diet that at present is characterized by deficiency of macro- and micronutrients. It is supposed that this factor together with the change in ecological condition promotes the development of different somatic diseases and their atypical course. To correct the dietary regimen, to strengthen the body functional reserves and to improve its nonspecific resistance to the influence of environmental unfavorable and pathogenic factors the possibility of wide use of biologically active food additives (BAA) is discussed. The examples of BAAs based on plant materials and results of their use in health resort conditions are given.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMed1987

Possible neurologic effects of aspartame, a widely used food additive.

The artificial sweetener aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanyl-methyl ester), is consumed, primarily in beverages, by a very large number of Americans, causing significant elevations in plasma and, probably, brain phenylalanine levels. Anecdotal reports suggest that some people suffer neurologic or behavioral reactions in association with aspartame consumption. Since phenylalanine can be neurotoxic and can affect the synthesis of inhibitory monoamine neurotransmitters, the phenylalanine in aspartame could conceiveably mediate neurologic effects. If mice are given aspartame in doses that elevate plasma phenylalanine levels more than those of tyrosine (which probably occurs after any aspartame dose in humans), the frequency of seizures following the administration of an epileptogenic drug, pentylenetetrazole, is enhanced. This effect is simulated by equimolar phenylalanine and blocked by concurrent administration of valine, which blocks phenylalanine's entry into the brain. Aspartame also potentiates the induction of seizures by inhaled fluorothyl or by electroconvulsive shock. Perhaps regulations concerning the sale of food additives should be modified to require the reporting of adverse reactions and the continuing conduct of mandated safety research.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Peroral challenge tests with food additives in urticaria and atopic dermatitis.

Double-blind, placebo controlled challenge tests with benzoic acid butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, beta-carotene, beta-8-apo-carotenal, and sodium metabisulfite were made in 44 cases of chronic urticaria, 91 cases of atopic dermatitis, and 123 cases of contact dermatitis, as a comparison group. Positive reactions were seen in four patients, two of whom had urticaria, one atopic dermatitis, and one contact dermatitis. Two of these reactions were caused by the placebo, one in a patient with urticaria and the other in a contact dermatitis patient. For one patient who reacted to the placebo and one who reacted to benzoic acid, the challenges were repeated with positive results in both instances. In nine patients, equivocal test results were produced with all the active substances and the placebo, but in all nine cases, retesting 4 days later produced negative results. This suggests that common food additives are seldom if ever of significance as precipitating factors in chronic urticaria or atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Rapid and convenient method for preparing aurapten-enriched product from hassaku peel oil: implications for cancer-preventive food additives.

Aurapten (7-geranyloxycoumarin) has been reported to be an effective inhibitor of chemical carcinogenesis in some rodent models. In the present study, a method for preparing an aurapten-enriched agricultural product has been established. Out of 17 Rutaceae varieties, the aurapten content in hassaku (Citrus hassaku Hort ex Y. Tanaka) fruit peel was marked, as well as that in natsumikan (C. natsudaidai) and grapefruit (C. paradisi). The aurapten content in hassaku peel was most abundant in April. Hassaku fruit peel oil, which was dissolved by heating precipitates including aurapten which had formed after freezing the peel oil at -20 degrees C, was used. After adsorbing aurapten from peel oil onto synthetic adsorbent SP70, the adsorbent was washed with 40% (v/v) ethanol in water to remove essential oils and pigments remaining on the adsorbent. Aurapten was then eluted with 80% (v/v) ethanol. In a laboratory-scale test, the recovery rates of aurapten and total carotenoids from the eluates were 74.3 and 4.6%, respectively. In a pilot-scale test, the recovery rate of aurapten in the aurapten-enriched preparation from dissolved hassaku oil was 91.0%, and its concentration was 64.1% (w/w). When stored for 180 days under sunlight, aurapten in powder form remained at 88.0-89.0% of the initial level, but only 31.3-43.8% in ethanol. The stability of aurapten in the aurapten-enriched preparation was higher than that of purified aurapten. These results suggest that aurapten is readily recovered from hassaku peel oil using SP70, and thus may be used as a food additive.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1984

[The analysis of polysaccharides used as food additives. VIII. Simple qualitative and semiquantitative procedures for the determination of alginates in food].

For a rapid and specific assay of alginate, the isolated polysaccharide is split by methanolic hydrochloric acid, the reaction products are separated on silica gel plates and visualized by an uronic acid specific naphthoresorcinol-hydrochloride acid reagent. With the solvent ethylacetat/tert. butanol/water (68 + 23 + 9, v/v/v) the Rf-values of the hydrolysis compounds of alginate differ distinctly from those of the other uronic acids, which are constituents of commercial polysaccharides. The method had been tested successfully on a series of different foods (e.g. propyleneglycol alginate in beer).

Alginates↗