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Results for “LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS”

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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Further regional variants of acute immune polyneuropathy. Bifacial weakness or sixth nerve paresis with paresthesias, lumbar polyradiculopathy, and ataxia with pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness.

OBJECTIVE: To describe four syndromes of acute regional weakness with clinical, spinal fluid, and electrophysiologic similarities to the acute immune polyneuropathy of Guillain-Barré syndrome. DESIGN: Case series of personally examined patients. RESULTS: Seven patients are described: four with facial diplegia and distal limb paresthesias, one with sixth nerve palsy and distal paresthesias, one with bilateral lumbar polyradiculopathy, and one with combined Fisher's syndrome and pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness. These self-limited illnesses, which evolved over days or weeks, involved acellular cerebrospinal fluid with raised protein concentration and electrophysiologic findings that were consistent with a demyelinating polyneuropathy. CONCLUSIONS: The first three regional variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome may cause diagnostic difficulty, particularly at the onset of illness, and the fourth links Fisher's syndrome with the typical syndrome. The consistently bilateral weakness of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its regional variants and the absence of a monoparetic or hemiparetic pattern suggest that the pathologic process occurs in the same single or contiguous groups of nerves on both sides of the sagittal plane but is not randomly distributed in the peripheral nervous system.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1985

Acute bilateral brachial plexus neuritis associated with hypersensitivity vasculitis. A case report and review of literature.

The occurrence of brachial plexus neuritis during the acute phase of vasculitis is uncommon. We describe a patient with a long history of rhinitis and a recent onset of asthma, who developed purpuric skin lesions, abdominal pain, eosinophilia and brachial neuritis along with evidence of sacral plexus neuropathy. High dose steroids and cyclophosphamide induced a remission. He stopped all medications after 3 years and after 6 years the patient has some fixed minimal residual neurological deficit. The importance of aggressive therapy in treating extensive polyneuropathy during the acute phase of hypersensitivity vasculitis is raised. A possible cytotoxic role of eosinophils in the pathological process is suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Gunshot injuries of peripheral nervous system: the questions of classification and diagnostics].

Two hundreds and sixty-seven patients with gunshot injuries of 394 nerves and plexus underwent clinical and electromyographic investigation and H-reflex evaluation as well. Based on the results of the data obtained, 3 types of nerves trunk injuries: neuroapraxia, axonothmesis and neurothmesis, were identified. The reduction of biopotential amplitude and synergic muscular activity, decrease of impulse conduction velocities (ICVeff--up to 30%), M-response amplitude (up to 50% and more) and motor units functioning were characteristic of neuroapraxia of nerve trunks. Axonothmesis of nerve trunks featured by the reduction of the amplitude and frequency of muscular biopotentials, decrease of its synergic activity, marked reduction of ICVeff (30--60%), rough fall of M-response amplitude and motor units functioning. In neurothmesis of nerve trunks, "bioelectrical silence" and disappearance of synergic muscular activity as well as an absence of M-response of denervated muscles were observed. An evaluation of monosynaptic reflex has a substantial significance for the determination of the level of low extremities injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of rehabilitation treatment after tendon and muscle plastic surgery in children with sequelae of injuries of the peripheral nerves].

The authors analyse the treatment of 153 children aged 4.5-15 who were performed 213 tendon- and myoplasties for persistent lesions of the peripheral nerves. The peculiarities of rehabilitative therapy in this category of patients are described. Three groups of muscles used for grafting and requiring special approach during the rehabilitation period have been distinguished. The rehabilitative treatment is divided into three periods: preoperative preparation, working out of the new function and securing of the new motor act. The peculiarities of the rehabilitative treatment in each period have been substantiated.

Arm↗
PubMed2006

Anatomical significance of the nerve to the pyramidalis muscle: a morphological study.

Characteristics of the nerve to the pyramidalis muscle (NPy), including its origin, course and distribution, were observed (macroscopically) in detail in the present study. The spinal segments that give rise to the nerve vary considerably and involve Th12-L2. The course and distribution of the nerve also vary widely. The NPy is given off from one of the following: (i) the anterior cutaneus branch (Rca) of the intercostals nerve; (ii) the ilioinguinal (li) nerve; or (iii) the genital branch (Rg) of the genitofemoral nerve. The NPy can be classified into nine types according to features of the course and branching pattern of the Rca and li. In three of 67 cases, the pyramidalis muscle had two nerves. Double-innervated pyramidalis muscles received one nerve from a transitional-type Rca (Rcat) and a second nerve derived from one of the superficial Rca (Rcas), li or Rg. The NPy derived from the deep Rca (Rcap; Type 1), Rcat (Type 2) and containing their features as well as the Type 9 (Rcat + li + Rg) reach the muscle from behind. Types 3-8 (not containing features of the Rcap and Rcat) enter the muscle from its surface. The branch that gives off the NPy is determined by the level of segmental origin, with the segmental origin of branches from the Rca (Types 1-4), li (Types 5-6) and Rg (Types 7-9) getting lower in that order. The level of segmental origin of the NPy derived from different Rca becomes lower in the following order: Rcap (Type 1), Rcat (Type 2), Rcas (Type 3), Rcas' (Rcas entering the inguinal canal; Type 4). When the origin of the NPy is from a lower segment, the origin of the boundary nerve (Rcap/Rcas) is also deviated downward. The changes in the NPy are related to the deviation of the entire lumbar plexus.

Abdominal Muscles↗