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A leukemic T-cell line, designated as TALL-1, has been established in continuous culture from the bone marrow of a patient with a leukemic phase of T-cell lymphosarcoma. TALL-1 cells have T-cell properties and lack Epstein-Barr virus or its genome. The cells of TALL-1 line are considered to have originated from the donor's leukemic cells on the basis of their cytogenetic, morphological, and surface features.
Implantation of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate microporous carrier with sorbed methotrexate (Hema-Hex-MTX) proved more toxic on C3H strain mice with a solid Gardner lymphosarcoma than on tumor-free mice of the same strain. If, during the first week of the experimental disease, the Hema-Hex-MTX implantation was followed by administration of leukovorin in course of next 24 hours the toxicity of MTX was abolished and the treated mice survived significantly longer than control animals.
The action of drugs of plant origin and of alkylating compounds (sarcolysine, prospidin) was accompanied by hormonal changes in rats with inoculated Pliss' lymphosarcoma. After the use of polyphenol plant drugs the secretion of pituitary FSH was inhibited, the blood concentration of testosterone was reduced and the cortisol secretion was substantially increased. The alkylating compounds stimulated the production of FSH, increased the secretion of testosterone, and clearly lowered the cortisol level.
Cysts of the protozoan Sarcocystis sp were found in skeletal and cardiac musculature in a 1.5-year-old cat with lymphosarcoma. The cat was FeLV-positive and had grossly visible neoplastic involvement of the spinal cord, mediastinum, bone marrow, and kidneys. Ultrastructural examination of the parasitic cyst wall suggested that the species in this case was different from that described in the only other reported case. It was hypothesized that immunosuppression from FeLV infection permitted an aberrant life cycle with encystment of Sarcocystis sp in this cat.
The effect of intravenous blood radiation by low-intensity laser on tumour growth in Wistar rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma has been studied. As a result of single or double blood radiation by laser with wave-length of 510 and 633 nm both the tumour growth inhibition and metastases disappearance have been shown.
The fate of the putative transplantable Xenopus lymphosarcoma (M. Balls, Cancer Res., 22: 1142-1154, 1962) was studied under three experimental conditions: (a) xenotransplantation, i.e., transplantation of live "tumor" tissue between adults of Xenopus borealis and X. laevis; (b) inoculation of live "tumor" cells from X. borealis into the blastocoele of X. laevis embryos; and (c) transplantation of "tumor" tissue into recipient adults immunologically unresponsive to the donor tissue antigens. This condition is fulfilled by using X. laevis-X. gilli (LG) hybrids [H.R. Kobel and L. Du Pasquier. In: J.B. Solomon and J.D. Horton (eds.), Developmental Immunology, pp. 229-306. The Netherlands: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1977] as donors, and triploid X. laevis-X. gilli and X. borealis (LGB) hybrids [C.H. Thiébaud, Dev. Biol., 98: 245-249, 1983] as recipients. In all transplantation experiments, donor and recipient cells could be unambiguously distinguished upon quinacrine staining that yields typical nuclear patterns, for instance bright patchiness in X. borealis, visible also in LGB cells. The results of xenotransplantation between X. borealis and X. laevis indicated that all developing "tumors" were composed of the recipient cell phenotype. The inoculation of live "tumor" cells from X. borealis "tumor" into the blastocoele of X. laevis embryos resulted in "tumor" formation in the recipient tadpoles and in metamorphosed animals. The cell constituting these "tumors" all were of recipient, X. laevis cell phenotype. Finally, "tumor" tissues from LG clones transplanted into LGB hosts were replaced by "tumors" formed of cells with recipient, LGB phenotype. These experiments indicate that this Xenopus tumor-like growth is a transmissible and not a transplantable disorder.
L-asparaginase was used to treat a 4-year-old Holstein cow with lymphosarcoma that involved the spinal cord, subiliac lymph nodes, and retrobulbar space. The cow received 60,000 IU of L-asparaginase IV for a total of 4 treatments. After each treatment, the cow's condition improved, characterized by decreased weakness, decreased ataxia, a reduction in size of the left subiliac lymph node, and decreased exophthalmos. Side effects were not observed. The cow was kept alive for 57 days. This treatment offers a way of salvaging the genetic potential of valuable cows and bulls.
The present report describes the clinical and pathological findings of a one year old foal presented with paralysis of the hind legs. Macroscopically and histologically, a lymphosarcoma in the vertebral body and the adjacent epidural space of T 16, in the spleen and the mesenterial lymph nodes was observed. The adjacent spinal cord showed focal degenerative changes characterized by dilatation of myelin sheaths, swollen axons and few macrophages.
The chromosome pattern of murine lymphosarcoma LS/BL and its changes during continuous exposure to ionizing radiation in vivo were studied. Absorbed dose rates (60Co) were 10 and 50 mGy/h. The hypodiploid sets with 39 chromosomes (73%) predominated in the control, unirradiated line. The continuously irradiated LS/BL-CI line exhibited insignificant changes in the modal chromosome number. The number of structural aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges was increased.
The LS/BL lymphosarcoma was induced by radiation in a C57BL/10 mouse in 1963 and was converted to ascites form in the first mouse transfer generation. In the course of cultivation in vivo the modal number of chromosomes dropped from the initial value 42-41 to 39 (73%). Cytogenetic characterization of the LS/BL tumor was carried out, using G-banding technique. Chromosome abnormalities were consistent in the cell line and involved chromosomes Nos. 3, 6, 12, 13, 16, and X. The most frequent abnormality was the presence of three markers and trisomy of chromosome No. 16.
A study of the features of a course of lymphosarcoma made it possible to establish effective time-periods of dynamic examination of patients for timely detection of such manifestations of disease as G. I. tract involvement. The regularity of examination and diagnostic methods depended on a primary focus site and the nature of G. I. tract involvement.
Effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) on rRNA synthesis in vivo and in vitro were studied using lymphosarcoma P1798 in culture. Pulse labeling with [3H]uridine indicated that treatment of P1798 cells with 1 microgram/ml of CsA for 24-h reduced rRNA levels by 50-60%, whereas rRNA levels of cells rescued from CsA and grown for 24 h were similar to those of controls. Transcription experiments using nuclei from control, treated, and rescued cells indicated that the reduction in rRNA synthesis in treated cells was due to reversible inhibition of transcription of rDNA. Transcription studies in vitro indicated that S100 extracts from CsA-treated cells were unable to carry out faithful transcription of cloned mouse rDNA, even though RNA polymerase I levels of control and treated cell extracts were similar. Mixing experiments indicated that the inability of the CsA-treated cell extract to transcribe cloned rDNA in vitro was not due to the presence of inhibitor(s) or nuclease(s) in such extracts. Supplementation of CsA-treated cell extract with partially or highly purified preparations of a transcription initiation factor for RNA polymerase I, obtained from control cell extracts, conferred transcriptional ability on the CsA-treated cell extract. Extracts from cells treated with cyclosporin H, an inactive analogue of CsA, faithfully transcribed rDNA, indicating the specificity of CsA action. These data indicate that CsA-treated cells lack the ability to initiate rDNA transcription in vivo and in vitro, due to specific, reversible reduction in the amount or activity of transcription factor IC. Significance of these results in understanding the mechanisms of the lymphostatic activity of CsA is discussed.
Changes in biosynthesis of cholesterol and free fatty acids from 2-14C-acetate in the host liver and tumour tissue as well as concentrations of various classes of lipids in blood were determined in rats bearing the transplanted Pliss lymphosarcoma. The transplantation of the tumour stimulates cholesterol biosynthesis de novo in the liver, but produces no changes in the fatty acid synthesis. Tumour growth is accompanied by a progressive increase in the content of triglycerides and beta-lipoproteins with a parallel drop in the alpha-cholesterol level in the animal blood. The concentration of total cholesterol is of phasic character depending on the stage of tumour growth. The possible mechanisms determining such alterations in lipids metabolism are discussed.
The C3H (H-2k) mice were immunized by 60Co-irradiation-inactivated Gardner lymphosarcoma (LSG) cells. The degree of resistance of mice with transplanted tumors was determined by difference in survival curves of the immunized and nonimmunized mice. When the tumor was transplanted during 26 weeks after the last of the three immunizing injections the mean survival time of immunized mice was always prolonged over that of nonpretreated controls. The prolongation was not always significant. The slope differences between lines characterizing survival of immunized and nonimmunized groups were statistically significant when the transplantation of the tumor was performed up to the 22nd week following the immunization. A small number of immunized mice which survived 60 days without visible tumors belonged to immunized groups transplanted with the tumor up to 14 weeks after the last immunizing dose. A higher degree of resistance has been achieved in mice given increased number of immunizing injections. Similar effect was observed in mice with impaired antitumor resistance due to immunosuppressive dose of 60Co-irradiation given before the tumor transplantation. Skin grafts taken from resistant mice healed up to unaffected isologous mice as well as it was found in reciprocal transplantation experiments.
The study group included 11 patients with brain metastases of disseminated lymphosarcoma. The most common clinical course was progression of the disease which manifested itself in the advancement of general cerebral symptoms as well as focal ones indicative of hemisphere, subcortex or cerebral trunk involvement. High single intravenous doses of cyclophosphamide and rubomycin and radiotherapy or their combination appeared highly effective in cases of brain specific involvement: complete or partial regression of neurologic symptoms was observed in 7 and 3 patients, respectively. Radiation treatment was followed by COP, COAP or CAMP polychemotherapy to curb extracerebral disease progression. Low median survival of patients with brain metastases (5.1 months) was due to extracerebral tumor progression. However, brain metastases were not immediate death-causing factors.
The paper deals with a comparative evaluation of cytogenetic action of cyclophosphamide on tumor and bone marrow cells in intact and radiation--exposed Pliss' lymphosarcoma-bearing mice. In both study groups, the level of cells with drug--induced chromosome damage was shown to be higher in tumor. No significant difference was established between the 2 groups in the effect of cyclophosphamide on similar tissues.
A 2-year-old Holstein bull was examined because of decreased appetite. Clinical signs included head tilt, circling, head pressing, ptosis, hypesthesia of the face, and dysfunction of the parasympathetic component of cranial nerve III. Necropsy revealed intracranial lymphosarcoma.
It was demonstrated that the tumorigenicity of tumor cells preincubated in low concentration of free methotrexate (MTX) has not been changed. On the other hand the preincubation of these cells with pea seed lectin (PL), MTX and PL mixture and especially pea seed lectin-methotrexate derivative (PL-MTX) influenced markedly the tumor cells tumorigenicity. The chemotherapy of Gardner lymphosarcoma (LSG) bearing mice with PL-MTX derivative was performed. After one dose therapy of LSG ascitic form with PL alone no effect on mice survival time was observed. The administration of PL-MTX derivative was efficient at a higher dose only. But free MTX was effective at both examined doses. Four times repeated injection of lectin to mice bearing the ascitic form of LSG shortened the survival time of mice. Repeated application of the higher dose of free MTX was accompanied with a considerable number of toxic deaths, but the life span of most surviving animals was prolonged. The similar but less expressive result has been reached by using PL-MTX derivative. The post mortem examinations suggest that the marked local inflammatory reactions are probably caused by the PL cytotoxicity. Therapy of solid LSG bearing mice with four i.t. injections of PL had no obvious effect on the survival. PL-MTX derivative prolonged distinctly the life span of tumored mice but the administration of sole MTX was the best.