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PubMedDate not supplied

Results of partial mandibulectomy for the treatment of oral tumors in 142 dogs.

Partial mandibulectomy was performed for the treatment of benign or malignant oral tumors in 142 dogs. Forty-two dogs with a benign tumor (ameloblastoma) had a 22.5 month (range, 6 to 74 months) median disease-free interval, with a 97% 1-year survival rate; there was local recurrence in one dog. Twenty-four dogs with squamous cell carcinoma had a disease-free interval of 26 months (range, 6 to 84 months), with a 91% 1-year survival rate; recurrence and metastasis developed in two dogs and metastatic disease in one dog. Based on survival curves, 37 dogs with a melanoma had a median survival time of 9.9 months (range, 1 to 36 months), with a 21% 1-year survival rate; 20 dogs died or were euthanatized for recurrent or metastatic disease. Twenty dogs with osteosarcoma had a median survival time of 13.6 months (range, 3 to 28 months), with a 35% 1-year survival rate; nine dogs died or were euthanatized for recurrent or metastatic disease. Nineteen dogs with fibrosarcoma had median survival time of 10.6 months (range, 3 to 32 months), with a 50% 1-year survival rate; 12 dogs died or were euthanatized for recurrent or metastatic disease. Results of this and previous studies demonstrated that partial mandibulectomy was effective in prolonging survival and decreasing recurrence for squamous cell carcinoma and ameloblastoma. Progressive disease and corresponding low survival times were common in dogs with melanoma, osteosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma. There were no differences in survival times or the progression of disease among five partial hemimandibulectomy procedures. The high rates of recurrence and metastasis in dogs with these tumors suggest a need for evaluation of ancillary chemotherapy and local radiation therapy to decrease the prevalence of progressive disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of oral and laryngeal specimens for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by dot blot hybridization.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infectious agent which is increasingly associated with mucosal cancers, in particular, cancer of the cervix. The present investigation was undertaken in an attempt to determine whether the Virapap human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection kit, originally designed for identification of HPV in exfoliated cervical cells could be employed in detection of HPV in biopsies of oral and laryngeal tissue samples, specifically oral squamous cell carcinomas, epithelial dysplasias, smokeless tobacco keratoses, and laryngeal papillomatosis. The ViraPap HPV DNA detection assay was found to be useful for HPV DNA identification in tissue samples from oral and laryngeal specimens.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1997

Features of odontogenesis and expression of cytokeratins and tenascin-C in three cases of extraosseous and intraosseous calcifying odontogenic cyst.

To characterize further the nature of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), we studied histologically and immunohistochemically an extraosseous and two intraosseous lesions. The extraosseous COC was in continuity with the stratified squamous epithelium of the alveolar mucosa. Immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies showed reactivity of both low- and high-molecular-weight cytokeratins, the degree of coexpression decreasing with the increasing morphological diversity of the cyst/tumour epithelium. Staining for the matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C was seen not only in the connective tissue, where its distribution patterns corresponded to the stage of hard tissue formation, but also in epithelial elements. The staining patterns were analogous to those described during normal tooth formation. Both the morphological characteristics and expression patterns of the various cytokeratin types and tenascin-C implied that COC represents a pathological counterpart of normal odontogenesis. In the case of the extraosseous COC, the correspondence could be traced back to early stages of tooth development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Intra-oral findings and general health conditions among institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly in Greece.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to record the findings from intra-oral examination and the general health conditions encountered in a group of Greek individuals 65 years of age or older. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study subjects were derived from the elderly attending 12 randomly selected community centres located in Athens and neighbouring municipalities, consisting the non-institutionalized study group and from the elderly living in three ecclesiastical nursing homes, consisting the institutionalized study group. The research data comprised information from the subjects' interviews, self-defined health status, medical records and intra-oral examination on the following variables: sex, age, general health condition, dentate or not, use of dentures and oral conditions. Fisher's exact two-sided test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 316 patients were examined; 120 male (38%), 196 female (62%), mean age 78 years (range: 65-99). Of those, 150 were non-institutionalized (59 male, 91 female) and 166 institutionalized (61 male and 105 female). The vast majority (90%) of the patients had at least one general health problem, for which they were taking daily medication. Twenty-three different medical conditions were recorded. The most frequent medical problems were hypertension (56%), cardiovascular problems (41%), depression/anxiety (39%), arthritis (18.5%) and visual problems (16%). The vast majority of the study patients (79%) were edentulous, while 33% were not wearing or using their dentures. Almost half of them (47%) had at least one oral condition. Twenty-seven different oral conditions were recorded. The most frequent oral findings were denture-induced stomatitis (17.2%), dry mouth (14.6%), atrophy of tongue papillae (10.5%), fissured tongue (9.8%) and haemangioma (6.8%). No cases of malignant lesions were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that in this particular age group, general health problems are frequent, variable, coexistent, necessitating the daily administration of multiple medications, while oral examination by a specialist is an essential part of the multidisciplinary medical care in this group of individuals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Horner's syndrome in the dog and cat as an aid to diagnosis.

Four cases of Horner's syndrome, two in dogs and two in cats, are described. Miosis, ptosis, and enophthalmos were present in three of the cases and in addition, protrusion of the nictitating membrane was present in the fourth case. In the two cases described in cats, there was also evidence of peripheral vasodilation in the skin of the face on the same side as the Horner's syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

The state of the nation's oral health: mid-decade assessment of Healthy People 2000.

OBJECTIVES: This communication reviews the history and process of establishing and assessing national health objectives, presents the status of oral health objectives in Healthy People 2000, and summarizes major issues related to the outlook for the nation's oral health from the perspectives of participants in a July 1995 briefing session with the US Assistant Secretary for Health. METHODS: Data obtained from sources such as the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Phase 1, the 1991 Indian Health Service Survey, and 1989-92 National Health Interview Surveys were examined in relation to specific indicators and populations defined at baseline using mid-1980s data. RESULTS: Examination of baseline measures and progress data shows that the indicators for objectives are, for the most part, stable or improving slightly. Deaths due to oral cancer have decreased. Edentulousness is declining. Placement of dental sealants on children's teeth is increasing. Adult dental visits are on the expected course. Little change has been observed in water fluoridation. Apparent declines in dental visits and increases in untreated dental decay for young children are potential concerns. Four objectives have no data for progress evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The persistent and often dramatic race-ethnicity and socioeconomic differences on many objectives, in combination with possible alterations in the public health infrastructure, indicate that concentrated and collaborative efforts are needed to achieve Healthy People 2000 targets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Oral cancer examinations among adults at high risk: findings from the 1998 National Health Interview Survey.

OBJECTIVES: Cigarette smoking and alcohol use are risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer. Recommendations for periodic oral cancer examinations highlight the importance of examining high-risk smokers and alcohol users. This investigation assessed whether cigarette smoking and alcohol use were associated with receipt of an oral cancer examination. METHODS: The cross-sectional 1998 National Health Interview Survey was used. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, and geographic region. Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses were stratified by dentition status and limited to adults aged > or = 40 years. RESULTS: Regardless of dentition status, current smokers were no more likely to have received an examination than were never smokers. The associations between alcohol use and receipt of an examination were mixed, and were generally more favorable among those who had a dental visit in the last year. Dentate current and former alcohol users were more likely than abstainers to have received an examination. There was no statistically significant association between alcohol use and receipt of an oral cancer examination among edentulous adults. CONCLUSIONS: Practitioners should improve the provision rates of oral cancer examinations in accordance with published guidelines, especially among current smokers and edentulous alcohol users who have not been to the dentist in the last year. Recommendations for improvement are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Comparative studies on functions of human adenovirus type 12 and its low oncogenic mutant virions.

Physical and biological properties of highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 were compared with a low oncogenic mutant (cyt mutant). Parental and cyt mutant virions had very similar density and DNA size. However, the parental strain virion preparations contained a much higher proportion of defective virions (capable of cell killing, but not able to induce T- or V-antigen) than cyt mutant stock. It was also found that cyt mutant had a reduced virus yield in several human cell lines compared with the parental strain.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Genetic analysis of adenovirus type 2. I. Isolation and genetic characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants.

Temperature-sensitive mutants which replicate normally at 33 C but poorly at 39 C were isolated from nitrosoguanidine- or nitrous acid-mutagenized adenovirus 2 by (i) testing the cytopathic effect or inclusion body-forming capacity of random plaque isolates, or (ii) reduced plaque enlargement upon shifting from 33 to 39 C. Thirty-six mutants were isolated with 33 C/39 C plaque ratios varying from 20 to 10-5. Some of these mutants could be arranged into 13 groups by the complementation test. By means of recombination analysis a provisional linear genetic map was constructed.

Adenoviridae↗