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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

[Role of X-ray CT and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of gynecological malignant tumor].

Diagnostic imaging is important in differentiating benign and malignant pelvic tumors and in staging malignant tumors. Many imaging techniques are now available. We describe computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of gynecologic tumors. The following nine CT parameters were evaluated in 251 cases of cervical cancer (the incidence of each feature is given in parentheses): 1) enlargement of the cervix (58%), 2) low density area(s) (LDA) in the cervical region (28%), 3) presence of a necrotic cavity (11%), 4) pyometra (16%), 5) irregularity or indistinctness of the cervical margin (20%), 6) abnormalities of the parametrium (41%), 7) tumor extension to the vagina (9%), 8) tumor extension to the bladder (20%), 9) lymphadenopathy (8%). The more advanced the stage, the more features tended to be present. On T2-weighted MRI, cervical cancer appeared as a high intensity image. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.79) between MRI and pathologic findings concerning the thickness of the residual cervical myometrium. MRI was distinctly useful in both the staging of cervical cancer and the determination of the extent of tumor invasion of the vagina and bladder. We used three criteria to classify patients with endometrial cancer, which appeared as LDA within the uterus on contrast enhanced CT: 1) LDA occupied less than 50% of the uterine region, 2) the minimum thickness of the normal myometrium was over 0.5 cm, 3) the ratio of maximum to minimum thickness of the normal myometrium was over 0.5. Patients who fulfilled all three criteria constituted group A (n = 33), and those who failed to meet all three were designated group B (n = 30). The rates of myometrial invasion through more than one third the thickness of the uterine wall were 15% in group A and 90% in group B. The rates of lymphatic or vascular invasion were 15% and 57%, respectively, and of extrauterine invasion or metastasis 9% and 47%. Each of these differences was significant (p less than 0.01). Metastasis was detectable by CT in four group B patients. On T2-weighted MRI, endometrial cancer exhibited high intensity. A positive correlation (r = 0.94) was obtained between MRI data and pathologic findings concerning the thickness of residual normal myometrium. Preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian tumors is important.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1985

Laparoscopic sterilization of the bitch and queen by uterine horn occlusion.

Laparoscopic sterilization techniques, originally developed for use in women, were evaluated in the bitch and queen. In the first study (study I), the uterine horns of 6 bitches and 3 queens were occluded by electrocoagulation or plastic clips. The sites of occlusion were midway along the length of 1 cornus and at the uterotubal junction on the contralateral side. Both procedures effectively occluded the uterine horns, as evidenced by a distinctly visible separation of the reproductive tract. Laparoscopic examination 1 year after surgery revealed an enlarged, thin-walled, and fluid-filled uterine segment cranial to the midcornus occlusion sites in all animals. The contralateral horn was normal in appearance, except for the separation from the ovarian bursa. Three of the bitches developed pyometra (confined to the distended uterine segment) at 24 months, at 53 months, and at 72 months after sterilization, respectively. In a subsequent study (study II), 1 adult and 5 prepubertal bitches were sterilized by laparoscopic electrocoagulation of both uterine horns at the uterotubal junction adjacent to the ovarian bursa. Upon reexamination 1, 2, and 4 years later, the uterine horns of these females were normal in appearance, but were separated from the adjacent ovarian bursae. These females continued to be clinically healthy. Laparoscopic sterilization offers a rapid and safe alternative to ovariohysterectomy and, because of its minor invasive nature, can be performed on young, prepubertal animals. Such a procedure may have particular value as a simple, practical means of sterilizing dogs and cats on a mass basis.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

[Fundamental and clinical study on cefuzonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefuzonam (L-105, CZON), a new beta-lactam antibiotic, was studied for its transfer into intrapelvic tissues and for clinical efficacy in the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological infection. 1. Following an intravenous 1 hour drip infusion of 1 g, the transferred CZON into uterine tissues reached and was maintained at effective concentrations which were defined as levels exceeding MICs against clinical isolates frequently obtained from patients in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The peak concentration of CZON in the pelvic dead space exudate was estimated to be 20 micrograms/ml at 0.5-1 hour after infusion. 2. Subjects studied were 5 patients with the following infections: pyometra (3 cases), puerperal intrauterine infection (1 case), vaginal cuff infection (1 case). Clinical efficacies were good in 4 cases and poor in 1 case. No notable side effects or abnormal laboratory test results were noted.

Adnexa Uteri↗

PubMed1987

[Anaerobic pathogens in gynecologic samples. Incidence and clinical significance].

In 276 gynecological cases the ratio of anaerobic and aerobic germs was investigated. Cultures took place under criteria sufficient for anaerobic and aerobic bacteria as well. Aerobic germs were predominating (55.4%), while anaerobic germs (bacteria) were to be found in 35.5% of cases. The breakdown reveals Bacteroides in 72%. The significance of anaerobic germs (bacteria) derives both from their pathogenicity and their frequency and depends additionally on the origin of the samples. In samples derived from the cervix or the vagina it must be considered anaerobics being a normal finding having been detected in 38.5 and 40% respectively in the own material. In bartholinitis or abscess of the labia and in intrauterine devices 48,4 and 12.5% anaerobic germs are to be found. In pyosalpinx and tubo-ovarian abscess all anaerobic cultures were negative. The same was true for 80% of aerobic cultures of the same origin. These findings are most likely due to a preceding antibiotic therapy. In contrast anaerobics constantly were to be found in abscess of cul-de-sac and pyometra. These facts should be taken into consideration in selecting an appropriate antibiotic therapy.

Abscess↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical trials on cefuzonam in obstetrics and gynecological infections].

Ten patients (3 cases of abscess of vaginal cuff, 1 case of abscess of vaginal cuff complicated with parametritis, 2 cases of pyosalpinx, 1 case each of abscess of abdominal wall, pelvic cellulitis, pyometra with cervical cancer and paraovarian abscess were treated with cefuzonam (CZON), which was administrated by intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 1,000 mg twice a day for 3 to 10 days (6 g to 19 g total). The clinical effectiveness reached 70.0% including 1 excellent case, 6 good cases and 3 poor cases. Bacteria were detected in all the 10 cases, and with CZON treatment, bacterial eradication were obtained in 3 cases, bacteria decreased in 3 cases, no change in 2 cases and bacterial replacement occurred in 2 cases. No abnormal laboratory findings and side effects were noted. From the above results, CZON seemed to be a highly effective and useful agent for gynecological infections.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Efficacy and toxicity of tamoxifen citrate for prevention and termination of pregnancy in bitches.

Five groups of bitches were given tamoxifen citrate (1 mg/kg of body weight) orally twice daily for 10 days. Drug administration commenced during late proestrus, day 4 of estrus, day 2 of diestrus, day 15 of diestrus, or day 30 of diestrus (n = 4/group). Nineteen of the bitches accepted natural mating by 1 or more of 3 stud dogs of known fertility (1 bitch did not). Twenty days after cessation of drug administration, ovarian, uterine, and hepatic specimens were obtained from each bitch in 4 of the groups. Pregnancy proceeded to natural termination in bitches of the remaining group (diestrous day 30). Pregnancy was not detected in any bitch of the proestrus, estrous, or early diestrous groups. Of 4 bitches of each of the remaining groups (diestrous day 15 and diestrous day 30), 2 aborted fetuses and/or resorbed placental remnants; the other 2 bitches in each of these groups had normal-appearing fetuses (diestrous day-15 group) or clinically normal pups (diestrous day-30 group). Of the 20 bitches given tamoxifen citrate, 5 developed endometritis with or without pyometra, and 4 of these had ovarian cysts. Although tamoxifen citrate is effective for preventing or terminating pregnancy in the bitch, the regimen used in the study reported here was associated with high frequency of pathologic changes in the reproductive tract.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical effect of cefuzonam and its distribution into tissues in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

The distribution of the new cephem antibiotic, cefuzonam (CZON) into adnexa uteri and uterine tissues, and clinical efficacy on patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections were studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Concentrations of CZON in arterial and venous blood, oviduct, ovary, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis tissues were measured. The results demonstrated good transfer of the drug into various internal genital organs. 2. In clinical studies, CZON was given to 5 cases with various infections such as pyometra, acute vulvitis, pelvic peritonitis, pyelonephritis and puerperal intrauterine infection. Clinical efficacies were evaluated as excellent in 2 cases, and good in 3 cases. The efficacy rate was 100%. No side effects were observed in any cases. In laboratory tests, transient elevations of GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP were observed in 1 case. Therefore, it is concluded that CZON is a useful drug for various types of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Fundamental and clinical studies of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Seven patients with gynecologic infections were treated with the new carbapenem class of antibiotic, imipenem/cilastatin sodium (MK-0787/MK-0791) at a dose level of 500 mg/500 mg or 250 mg/250 mg administered intravenously every 12 hours for 5 days. The results obtained were as follows. Clinical effects of MK-0787/MK-0791 were analyzed in 7 patients, including 1 case with pelvic peritonitis, 2 cases with endometritis, adnexitis and pelvic peritonitis, abdominal abscess, vaginal cuff infection and parametritis, and pyometra. Excellent clinical response was seen in 3 cases and good response in 4 cases. No side effect nor abnormal finding in clinical laboratory values was seen in all patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Ultrasonic diagnosis in gynecology in small animals].

After a short introduction into the basics and the different methods of sonography a description of the ultrasonographic diagnosis of gynaecological diseases in small animals is given. The ultrasonographic method is indicated in all gynaecological diseases after the anamnesis, clinical and laboratory work up and before x-rays and invasive methods will be used. The sonographic characteristics for interpretation are described. Typical sonographic findings are demonstrated in 16 cases as in diseases of the cervix (inflammation, cyst), uterus (pregnancy, endometritis - pyometra), ovaries (cysts), and mamma (lactation, abscesses, tumors).

Animals↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical effect of cefuzonam against infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical studies of cefuzonam (CZON, L-105) were performed in patients of obstetrics and gynecology, and the results obtained are summarized below. 1. CZON was intravenously administered at a daily dose of 1-2 g to 11 cases including 3 cases with intrauterine infection (pyometra), 2 cases of intrapelvic infection (1 case of pelvic dead space infection and 1 case of pelvic peritonitis), 1 case of adnexitis, and others (2 cases of vaginal cuff infection, and 1 case each of vaginal abscess, Baltholin's abscess, and vulvar abscess). Clinical efficacy was excellent in 1 case and good in 10 cases. 2. CZON showed a good antibacterial effect in single and mixed infections. 3. Neither side effects nor abnormal values in clinical laboratory findings attributable to the drug were observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

[Clinical studies on cefuzonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefuzonam (CZON, L-105), a cephem type antibiotic, was clinically studied in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The results are summarized as follows: CZON 1-2 g was administered by injection twice daily to 11 cases of infections (4 of endometritis, 2 of pyometra, 3 of adnexitis and peritonitis, 1 of abdominal abscess, and 1 of puerperal fever). Clinical efficacy was excellent in 2 cases and good in 9 cases, with a very high overall efficacy rate of 100%. Slight elevations of GOT and GPT in 1 case were noted in clinical laboratory tests. No side effects attributable to the drug were noted. CZON is considered to be a useful drug for obstetric and gynecological infections.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Survey of the prevalence and types of infertility in beef cows and heifers.

Thirty to 180 days after natural mating to bulls, 8,184 beef cows and heifers were palpated rectally for pregnancy determination. Of these, 7,396 (90%) were pregnant and 815 (10%) were not pregnant. Regarding the nonpregnant cattle, 315 (38.7%) had a normal uterus and a functional corpus luteum, suggesting that they were cycling; the rest had palpable pathologic findings: 455 (55.8%) had ovarian inactivity and uterine atrophy; 16 (2%) had pyometra; 12 (1.5%) had a mummified fetus; 7 (0.9%) had chronic metritis; 6 (0.8%) had an involuting uterus; and 4 (0.5%) had adhesions of the uterus, ovaries, or a combination of both. For the purpose of comparison, the cattle were grouped according to age: group 1-1,035 nulliparous heifers 18 to 24 months of age; group 2-1,137 primiparous heifers 30 to 36 months of age; group 3-5,548 multiparous cows between 4 and 9 years of age; and group 4-464 cows 9 years of age or older. The pregnancy rates were 79.1, 72.2, 96.8, and 78.2, respectively, for these groups. The pregnancy rate for 4- to 9-year-old cows was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than that for the other age groups.

Aging↗

PubMed1985

[Preclinical and clinical studies on aztreonam in obstetrics and gynecology].

Aztreonam (AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic, was studied in obstetrics and gynecology with the following results. The tissue concentration of AZT in the female genital organs was relatively high at the portio vaginalis and the cervix uteri followed by at the ovary and the myometrium, but the distribution to the endometrium and the oviduct was a little poor. The concentration of AZT in the pelvic dead space exudate was highest at 2 hours after intravenous injection whereas it was highest at 5 hours after intravenous drip infusion. However, there was no significant difference in the concentration between intravenous injection and intravenous drip infusion and the distribution to the pelvic dead space exudate was relatively good. AZT was clinically administered to pyometra (3 cases), puerperal endometritis (3), adnexitis and endometritis (3), pelvioperitonitis (1), Bartholin's abscess (4) and purulent vulvitis (1), a total of 15 cases with an overall effective rate of 93.3%. AZT was microbiologically effective for Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and K. pneumoniae, but also effective for anaerobes and some Gram-positive bacteria, etc., for which MIC of AZT is high. With regard to safety of AZT, neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were reported.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Clinical effect of aztreonam in infections in obstetrics and gynecology].

Aztreonam (SQ 26,776, AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic, was studied in obstetrics and gynecology with the following results. For the study of tissue penetration, 1 g AZT was administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour. The concentration was high in elbow venous blood and uterine arterial blood 60 minutes after the administration. Each uterine tissue concentration other than the endometrium was as high as 26.7-31.7% of the blood level and salpinx and ovary concentration were 25.9% and 5.2%, respectively. Each tissue concentration decreased to less than 0.6 microgram/g in the uterine, the ovary and the salpinx 280 minutes thereafter. In the review of obstetric and gynecologic genital infections, clinical efficacy of AZT was "poor" for 1-endometritis, "poor" for 1-pyometra, "excellent" for 1-puerperal fever, "excellent" (1) and "good" (2) for 3-pelvioperitonitis, "excellent" for 1-parametritis and "good" for 2-infectious lymphocele with overall effective rate of 77.8% (7/9). AZT was microbiologically effective for Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, etc. As for safety, neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings in the examination of blood, hepatic function, renal function and urine due to AZT were reported.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies of aztreonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Aztreonam (AZT, E-0734), a new beta-lactam antibiotic, was fundamentally and clinically studied. The following results were obtained. The serum and internal genital tissue levels for AZT after 1 g intravenous injection had been kept at more than about 20 micrograms/ml and 3.0 micrograms/g, respectively, during 1 hour. AZT was administered at 1-2 g of daily dose by intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion to 5 patients with obstetric and gynecological infections, comprising 1 of pyometra, parametritis, Bartholin's abscess, puerperal endometritis and diffuse peritonitis. Clinical efficacy was; excellent in 1 puerperal endometritis case, good in 2 cases and poor in 2 cases. Neither side effect nor abnormal laboratory finding was observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on aztreonam].

Aztreonam (AZT), a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, was studied on the transfer into intrapelvic tissues and on the clinical efficacy in the treatment of 19 cases of obstetrical and gynecological infections. The AZT levels were examined in the pelvic dead space exudate in 6 patients who received radical hysterectomy due to uterocervical cancer. The simulation curves for AZT were well performed after the decision of the pharmacokinetic parameters using the two-compartment model. Following 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of AZT, the peak concentration of AZT in cubital venous blood was estimated 73.3 micrograms/ml at the end of infusion. The peak concentration of AZT in the pelvic dead exudate was estimated 18.6 micrograms/ml at 2.31 hours after infusion. Following intravenous 1-hour drip infusion of 1 g, the transferred level of AZT into uterine tissues was maintained at the effective concentration which means the excess level of the MIC against clinical isolates often observed in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. AZT was administered 2-4 g/day in 2 times a day by intravenous drip infusion for 60-90 minutes. The subjects were 19 patients with the following infections; pyometra (1), puerperal intrauterine infection (4), postoperative parametritis (4), pelvioperitonitis (2), purulent lymphocyst (1), acute salpingoophoritis (1), vaginal stump abscess (1), Douglas abscess (2), pelvioperitonitis + pyosalpinx (2), vulval abscess (1). Clinical efficacy was; excellent in 2 cases, good in 11 cases and poor in 6 cases. No notable side effect or abnormal laboratory finding was noted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

[Clinical studies on aztreonam in infections in obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical effect was studied for aztreonam (AZT) on 2 patients being treated for malignant tumors. One-two grams of AZT was administered b.i.d. by intravenous drip infusion for 6-7 days. In case 1 with pyometra, there were excellent improvements in WBC, CRP and fever pattern. Unfavorable BUN and S-Cr. values were found, but these were considered to be side effects due to cisplatin. These improved finally, and clinical effect was also excellent. Case 2, a urinary tract infection + prophylactic postoperative administration case, was treated in combination with another drug presuming mixed infection and AZT was shown to be effective clinically and overall. No side effects in cases 1 or 2 were considered to be due to AZT.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Clinical trial and basic study on the tissue transfer of cefminox].

Cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was studied both fundamentally and clinically with following results: In the treatment of 3 cases of Bartholin's abscess, 2 cases of pyometra, and 1 case each of bartholinitis, inflammation of the pelvic dead space, retroperitoneal abscess and pelvic peritonitis, CMNX was administered at a dosage of 1 g. The global clinical results were rated as good in 9 cases. From these findings it is considered that CMNX is promising as an antibiotic with extremely high efficacy for infections of the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Furthermore, since in none of our cases side effects or laboratory abnormalities were observed, CMNX is considered to be a drug with high efficacy and safety. In 5 cases received 1 g of CMNX intravenously, concentrations of the drug in the serum and tissues of internal genital organs were determined. CMNX was maintained at concentrations higher than 20 micrograms/ml for the serum and 10 micrograms/g for each tissue studied. In the pelvic dead space exudate 10 to 20 micrograms/ml of the drug was still detected even at 8 hours after the administration. These results obtained by our fundamental study support the efficacy of CMNX demonstrated in the clinical part of our study.

Adult↗