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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Podiatric manifestations in patients with acute and chronic neurologic disorders.

It is impossible to delineate, in the short space provided, the entire spectra of possible and potential podiatric manifestations of acute and chronic neurologic disease. An attempt has been made to delineate the neuroanatomic, neurophysiologic, etiologic, and diagnostic procedural knowledge required to fully comprehend, evaluate, and manage neurologic complaints in presenting patients. By following a specific outline for evaluation, a functional and meaningful differential diagnosis can be formulated. By properly employing the ancillary procedures discussed, a correct diagnosis will be attained. Concurrently, at this point in evaluation, a grasp of the location and gravity of the discovered lesion will allow us to intelligently treat or refer the patient for proper management. Since the vast majority of neurologic manifestations involve and cross-effect several bodily systems, not all neurologic diagnoses are or will be easy. Only through a constant awareness of the mechanisms, symptomatology, clinical findings, and a careful, precise, and thorough neurologic evaluation and test selection will these patients be helped.

Anterior Compartment Syndrome↗
PubMed1970

Developmental aspects of mongolism.

To sum up, the testing of neurological responses in our series lends support to the view that whereas psychomotor retardation is a major factor in the development of mongol babies, hypotonia is at the same time of great importance. Our study is not yet complete nor ready for statistical analysis, but the results so far seem to show that mongol babies are particularly retarded in reactions calling for muscular tone, such as posture in ventral suspension and the traction response. It is hoped that as our study proceeds, comparison of neurological with psychological findings will provide another dimension to the interpretation of results. Also we hope to see by long-term follow-up whether the early neurological testing of mongols is of predictive value as regards later development.

Child Development↗
PubMed1979

[Statistical analysis of the functional features of cat motor cortex neurons].

Recordings were made from 366 neurons situated in the motor area of m.biceps in the cortex of 6 cats trained to make instrumental placing reaction and to accept manipulation of the joints and natural cutaneous stimulation of the forelimb. From 160 neurons whose discharges changed during placing reaction performance 52 (32.5%) were demonstrated to receive an input from peripheral receptors in the forelimb. In contrast only 7 (3.4%) neurons in the group not related to the movement received such an input. From 160 neurons 31 changed discharge before movement onset, 59 after movement onset, and 70 before and during movement. Correlation between functional types of the neurons and their peripheral inputs was found.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Conception of the development of the motor organization in child with reference to cerebral palsy and its therapy.

It is often put forwards that the motor behaviour may be explained on the basis of motor patterns defined with reference to metric space. Merton, who interpretes the gamma loop as a length servo-mechanism, gives a neurophysiological basis to the above conception. The critical study of Merton's theory, our personal work and the analysis of the motor development of the infant lead us to disagree this view. The notion of pattern seems worthkeeping, but provided that the organization is described in terms of regulation of movements and not in terms of position, or length of muscle. A metric spatial reference is not always present. When it is needed, it is not included in the postural regulation. In other words, this reference is not obtained by a postural servo-mechanism. It is obtained first by trial and error in relation to external object and this is so in the young child. It is much later that an evaluation of distance is integrated into action, deriving from a conceptual acquisition of it by the child. The obvious progression of motor behaviour from birth poses the question of respective roles of maturation and learning. A review of very recent works lead us to think that maturation is not a sufficient explanation. Being by the fact, lead to emphasize learning, it becomes evident to us that application of the psychological conceptions of J. Piaget gives the best explanation of the facts. The above analysis in normal child are applied to cerebral palsied child, giving explanations of problems and offering better guides for therapy.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1978

[Hemodynamic reactions in cats exposed to physical loading].

Cats were trained to pull with a force equal to 50--200% of their body weight. The mean arterial pressure and heart rate increased during the exercise. Pressor response was due to the increase of peripheral vascular resistance, as the cardiac output was constant or even decreased. Blockade of vegetative nervous system led to a 2--3 fold decrease of the pressor response. The conditioned stimulus for "work" had no effects in intact cats, but evoked obvious pressor response in curarized cats. Mechanisms of the vegetative changes during static work are discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurologic manifestations of tri-O-cresyl phosphate delayed neurotoxicity in cats.

The neurotoxic effects of tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) were studied in the cat to define the elements of neurologic testing and to correlate dysfunction with the results of histopathologic studies. Neurologic examination of treated cats categorized clinical signs of TOCP-induced delayed neurotoxicity in the cat into four stages: leg weakness, mild ataxia, severe ataxia, and paresis. These deficits correlated well with histopathological lesions found in the central and peripheral systems. The improvement seen, is attributed to regeneration and/or collateral sprouting of remaining axons of peripheral nerves that would not be expected in tracts of the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Vestibular function assessment in patients with Meniere's disease: the vestibulospinal system.

The state-of-the-art approach to clinical assessment of vestibular disturbances includes a number of procedures in which it is assumed that the status of major vestibular pathways is quantified independently from converging somatosensory and visual influences. Although it has been known for some time that this approach has limitations in a highly integrative system in which inputs from a number of sensory modalities interact, a practical remedy has been only recently forthcoming. Using an approach to assessment of the vestibulospinal system developed by Nashner, the application of moving platform techniques has been the first to systematically identify the interactions among vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive senses and determine the role of vestibular losses in the process of postural control. A group of Meniere's disease patients were studied in order to determine whether or not such tests could be used as an effective vestibular screening method for Meniere's disease patients in remission, and whether the ability of Meniere's disease patients to use vision and proprioception to compensate for their vestibular disorders, could be assessed. Results indicated that quantitative evaluation of the vestibulospinal system was a very effective vestibular screening test. Furthermore, the adaptive ability of the subject can be estimated by varying the amounts of visual and proprioceptive vestibular information available to the patient for the control of postural sway. Preliminary results indicate that such a technique would be of great value clinically for the initial and on-going evaluation of patients with Meniere's disease and for pre and post-therapeutic evaluation of the Meniere's disease patient.

Adult↗