Results for “AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION” — Page 26

PubMedDate not supplied

Reaching consensus on the National Dental Hygiene Research Agenda: a Delphi study. American Dental Hygienists Association Council on Research.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to achieve consensus on specific research topics under the national dental hygiene research agenda categories developed by the ADHA Council on Research. METHODS: A Delphi technique was used to survey a group of 48 dental hygiene experts to gain consensus about the appropriateness of topics for dental hygiene research. The study was carried out in three phases: a development and pilot-testing phase and two rounds of mailed surveys. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Instrument reliability was analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency. RESULTS: Sixty-six topics reflective of the research agenda categories were identified through the first phase. Return rates of 100% and 94% were achieved for the two survey rounds. Instrument reliability was established at .91 and internal consistency at .94. After two rounds, consensus was reached on 37 of the 66 topics. CONCLUSIONS: Each of the categories comprising the ADHA national dental hygiene research agenda was well represented by the 37 topics. This finding provided evidence that there was consensus on the national agenda. However, reaching consensus is just the first step in the development of a long-range plan to guide research efforts and to promote depth in the development of a body of knowledge based on scientific inquiry.

Delphi Technique↗

PubMed1999

76th Annual session of the American Association of Dental Schools. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, March 8-9, 1999. Abstracts.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Statistical considerations related to a meta-analytic evaluation of published caries clinical studies comparing the anticaries efficacy of dentifrices containing sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate.

The comparison of the anticaries efficacy of dentifrices containing sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP) has recently been addressed through a meta-analysis of published head-to-head clinical trials. Such an analysis is used to provide an omnibus conclusion on the basis of summary information obtained from several individual studies. An important aspect of a meta-analysis is the determination of which studies from among those available in the relevant literature are to be incorporated into the calculations. The statistical literature provides several perspectives with respect to this issue. A recently-published meta-analysis by Johnson (1993) resulted in the conclusion that dentifrices containing NaF provide significantly lower caries increments than do those containing SMFP. However, a similar analysis utilizing studies identified by Volpe, Petrone & Davies (1993) suggests that no such significant difference exists. The resolution of such conflicting results rests on clinical judgment concerning the issue of study inclusion. The clinical significance of the results of both of these analyses was considered. Despite the differences in the analyses, both support the conclusion that dentifrices containing SMFP provide equivalent anticaries protection as do those containing NaF, in accordance with the standards established in the current American Dental Association Guidelines for the comparison of fluoride dentifrices.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed2006

An assessment of the dental public health infrastructure in the United States.

OBJECTIVES: The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research commissioned an assessment of the dental public health infrastructure in the United States as a first step toward ensuring its adequacy. This study examined several elements of the U.S. dental public health infrastructure in government, education, workforce, and regulatory issues, focused primarily at the state level. METHODS: Data were drawn from a wide range of sources, including original surveys, analysis of existing databases, and compilation of publicly available information. RESULTS: In 2002, 72.5% of states had a full-time dental director and 65% of state dental programs had total budgets of 1 million dollars or less. Among U.S. dental schools, 68% had a dental public health academic unit. Twelve and a half percent of dental schools and 64.3% of dental hygiene programs had no faculty member with a public health degree. Among schools of public health, 15% offered a graduate degree in a dental public health concentration area, and 60% had no faculty member with a dental or dental hygiene degree. There were 141 active diplomates of the American Board of Dental Public Health as of February 2001; 15% worked for state, county, or local governments. In May 2003, there were 640 U.S. members of the American Association of Public Health Dentistry with few members in most states. In 2002, 544 American Dental Association members reported their specialty as Dental Public Health, which ranged from 0 in five states to 41 in California. Just two states had a public health dentist on their dental licensing boards. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest the U.S. dental public health workforce is small, most state programs have scant funding, the field has minimal presence in academia, and dental public health has little role in the regulation of dentistry and dental hygiene. Successful efforts to enhance the many aspects of the U.S. dental public health infrastructure will require substantial collaboration among many diverse partners.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed1996

The development of hospital dentistry in America--the first one hundred years (1850-1950).

The development of hospital dentistry in America began in the middle of the nineteenth century with the pioneering endeavors of Dr. Simon Hullihen and Dr. James Garretson who is credited with the development of the specialty of oral surgery. While starting small, the prodigious work of these and other dentists laid the foundation on which modern hospital dentistry would be built. Throughout its establishment, however, hospital dentistry would have to fight for a place in the hospital, not only with the medical community but also from within the dental community. In time though, hospital dentistry would come to have the support of the American Dental Association and the respect of the medical community.

Accreditation↗

PubMed1997

Prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Recommendations by the American Heart Association.

OBJECTIVE: To update recommendations issued by the American Heart Association last published in 1990 for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis in individuals at risk for this disease. PARTICIPANTS: An ad hoc writing group appointed by the American Heart Association for their expertise in endocarditis and treatment with liaison members representing the American Dental Association, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. EVIDENCE: The recommendations in this article reflect analyses of relevant literature regarding procedure-related endocarditis, in vitro susceptibility data of pathogens causing endocarditis, results of prophylactic studies in animal models of endocarditis, and retrospective analyses of human endocarditis cases in terms of antibiotic prophylaxis usage patterns and apparent prophylaxis failures. MEDLINE database searches from 1936 through 1996 were done using the root words endocarditis, bacteremia, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Recommendations in this document fall into evidence level III of the US Preventive Services Task Force categories of evidence. CONSENSUS PROCESS: The recommendations were formulated by the writing group after specific therapeutic regimens were discussed. The consensus statement was subsequently reviewed by outside experts not affiliated with the writing group and by the Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee of the American Heart Association. These guidelines are meant to aid practitioners but are not intended as the standard of care or as a substitute for clinical judgment. CONCLUSIONS: Major changes in the updated recommendations include the following: (1) emphasis that most cases of endocarditis are not attributable to an invasive procedure; (2) cardiac conditions are stratified into high-, moderate-, and negligible-risk categories based on potential outcome if endocarditis develops; (3) procedures that may cause bacteremia and for which prophylaxis is recommended are more clearly specified; (4) an algorithm was developed to more clearly define when prophylaxis is recommended for patients with mitral valve prolapse; (5) for oral or dental procedures the initial amoxicillin dose is reduced to 2 g, a follow-up antibiotic dose is no longer recommended, erythromycin is no longer recommended for penicillin-allergic individuals, but clindamycin and other alternatives are offered; and (6) for gastrointestinal or genitourinary procedures, the prophylactic regimens have been simplified. These changes were instituted to more clearly define when prophylaxis is or is not recommended, improve practitioner and patient compliance, reduce cost and potential gastrointestinal adverse effects, and approach more uniform worldwide recommendations.

American Heart Association↗

PubMed1989

Communicating with each other.

Most dentists commit their professional lives to improving oral health by providing preventive and treatment services to their patients. In addition, dentists often participate in community, professional or legal activities that promote oral health. This paper describes five ways that dentists have worked with each other and with others to enhance oral health: (1) Dentists working with each other to promote oral health without the use of organized dentistry. Described as an example is the experience of all the periodontists in one city in the USA in providing community education. (2) Dental associations organizing or facilitating groups of dentists and other dental health professionals to develop and implement programmes that promote oral health. Two community-based educational efforts stimulated by the American Dental Association are described. (3) Dental specialty associations encouraging and facilitating specialists to work with other dentists to enhance their knowledge and skills in prevention, treatment and appropriate referral. The American Academy of Periodontology's efforts to teach communication skills to periodontists and diagnosis and treatment skills to general practitioners is cited as an example. (4) Dentists working with physicians and other non-dental health professionals to promote oral health. Integrating dental education into childbirth preparation classes for expectant parents is one instance of an interdisciplinary approach. (5) An individual dentist taking a leadership role to positively influence legislation to regulate a harmful substance. The efforts of one dentist to restrict the sale and promotion of smokeless tobacco are described. Working with other dentists, health care providers and legislators represent alternative ways that dentists have affected the oral health of individuals.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed1999

Overview of the history and current status of fluoride supplementation schedules.

Clinical trials of dietary fluoride supplements began in the 1940s in an effort to bring the benefits of fluoride to those who did not receive it through their drinking water. Following the early success of these trials, the Council on Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Association (ADA) published its first recommendations for fluoride supplementation in 1958. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) followed with its own recommendations in 1972. During the 1970s a variety of alternative schedules appeared in the literature, most in reaction to the findings of unexpectedly high levels of enamel fluorosis in children being supplemented with the AAP schedule. In 1979 the ADA and AAP agreed on essentially identical schedules. During the 1980s, however, the prevalence of enamel fluorosis continued to increase, and fluoride supplements were found in some studies to be a risk factor for fluorosis. This finding prompted another round of dosage schedule recommendations in the early 1990s. This paper presents a history of fluoride dosage recommendations and reviews the recent proposals for reducing supplement dosage.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Prevention of bacterial endocarditis: recommendations by the American Heart Association.

OBJECTIVE: To update recommendations issued by the American Heart Association last published in 1990 for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis in individuals at risk for this disease. PARTICIPANTS: An ad hoc writing group appointed by the American Heart Association for their expertise in endocarditis and treatment with liaison members representing the American Dental Association, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. EVIDENCE: The recommendations in this article reflect analyses of relevant literature regarding procedure-related endocarditis, in vitro susceptibility data of pathogens causing endocarditis, results of prophylactic studies in animal models of endocarditis, and retrospective analyses of human endocarditis cases in terms of antibiotic prophylaxis usage patterns and apparent prophylaxis failures. MEDLINE database searches from 1936 through 1996 were done using the root words endocarditis, bacteremia, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Recommendations in this document fall into evidence level III of the US Preventive Services Task Force categories of evidence. CONSENSUS PROCESS: The recommendations were formulated by the writing group after specific therapeutic regimens were discussed. The consensus statement was subsequently reviewed by outside experts not affiliated with the writing group and by the Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee of the American Heart Association. These guidelines are meant to aid practitioners but are not intended as the standard of care or as a substitute for clinical judgment. CONCLUSIONS: Major changes in the updated recommendations include the following: (1) emphasis that most cases of endocarditis are not attributable to an invasive procedure; (2) cardiac conditions are stratified into high-, moderate-, and negligible-risk categories based on potential outcome if endocarditis develops; (3) procedures that may cause bacteremia and for which prophylaxis is recommended are more clearly specified; (4) an algorithm was developed to more clearly define when prophylaxis is recommended for patients with mitral valve prolapse; (5) for oral or dental procedures the initial amoxicillin dose is reduced to 2 g, a follow-up antibiotic dose is no longer recommended, erythromycin is no longer recommended for penicillin-allergic individuals, but clindamycin and other alternatives are offered; and (6) for gastrointestinal or genitourinary procedures, the prophylactic regimens have been simplified. These changes were instituted to more clearly define when prophylaxis is or is not recommended, improve practitioner and patient compliance, reduce cost and potential gastrointestinal adverse effects, and approach more uniform worldwide recommendations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1997

Prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Recommendations by the American Heart Association.

OBJECTIVE: To update recommendations issued by the American Heart Association last published in 1990 for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis in individuals at risk for this disease. PARTICIPANTS: An ad hoc writing group appointed by the American Heart Association for their expertise in endocarditis and treatment with liaison members representing the American Dental Association, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. EVIDENCE: The recommendations in this article reflect analyses of relevant literature regarding procedure-related endocarditis, in vitro susceptibility data of pathogens causing endocarditis, results of prophylactic studies in animal models of endocarditis, and retrospective analyses of human endocarditis cases in terms of antibiotic prophylaxis usage patterns and apparent prophylaxis failures. MEDLINE database searches from 1936 through 1996 were done using the root words endocarditis, bacteremia, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Recommendations in this document fall into evidence level III of the US Preventive Services Task Force categories of evidence. CONSENSUS PROCESS: The recommendations were formulated by the writing group after specific therapeutic regimens were discussed. The consensus statement was subsequently reviewed by outside experts not affiliated with the writing group and by the Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee of the American Heart Association. These guidelines are meant to aid practitioners but are not intended as the standard of care or as a substitute for clinical judgment. CONCLUSIONS: Major changes in the updated recommendations include the following: (1) emphasis that most cases of endocarditis are not attributable to an invasive procedure; (2) cardiac conditions are stratified into high-, moderate-, and negligible-risk categories based on potential outcome if endocarditis develops; (3) procedures that may cause bacteremia and for which prophylaxis is recommended are more clearly specified; (4) an algorithm was developed to more clearly define when prophylaxis is recommended for patients with mitral valve prolapse; (5) for oral or dental procedures the initial amoxicillin dose is reduced to 2 g, a follow-up antibiotic dose is no longer recommended, erythromycin is no longer recommended for penicillin-allergic individuals, but clindamycin and other alternatives are offered; and (6) for gastrointestinal or genitourinary procedures, the prophylactic regimens have been simplified. These changes were instituted to more clearly define when prophylaxis is or is not recommended, improve practitioner and patient compliance, reduce cost and potential gastrointestinal adverse effects, and approach more uniform worldwide recommendations.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗

PubMed2002

Private practicing endodontists: production of endodontic services and implications for workforce policy.

The methods and techniques used by private practicing endodontists to provide patient care are at the core of endodontic workforce policy. Productivity influences both the amount of care provided and the required number of practicing endodontists in the future. Data was collected from practicing endodontists in order to characterize the technical methods of producing endodontic services. This data was then used to develop a statistical model for use in assessing the national endodontic workforce conditions in the United States. A survey was mailed to a random sample of 2,075 private practicing endodontists in the United States based on membership files from the American Association of Endodontists and the American Dental Association. The overall survey consisted of three means of data collection: (1) a survey about the endodontic practice as a whole; (2) a survey about the endodontist; and (3) patient encounter forms used when collecting detailed endodontic procedure data for a single day in the practice. The model was used to obtain a projection of 4,016 endodontists in the year 2005 and 4,671 practicing endodontists in 2010 required to meet the projected demand for endodontic care. The model and survey data provide valuable information to practicing endodontists for use in identifying critical elements used to render care, how the elements are combined in the practice of endodontics, and the minimum number of endodontists required to provide a given volume of endodontic care.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Today's threat is tomorrow's crisis: advocating for dental education, dental and biomedical research, and oral health.

The current political environment in the nation's capital threatens federal support for programs vital to the academic dental community. To develop a strong cadre of advocates who can deliver an effective and unified message to members of Congress on behalf of dental education and dental research, the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) and the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) created a new organizational structure: the National Oral Health Advocacy Committee (NOHAC) and the National Advocacy Network (NAN). The basic skills and knowledge required to function as an effective advocate include an understanding of the political environment, a working knowledge of the legislative processes and the political players, and the ability to build and work with grassroots networks and coalitions. NOHAC and NAN are designed to provide leadership in these areas to support effective advocacy for dental education and dental research.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗

PubMed1988

The impact of the differences in the decline of dental school applicants in the United States and Canada.

The number of individuals writing the Canadian Dental Association Dental Aptitude Test and the American Dental Association Dental Admissions Test for the first time is used as a measure of the number of new additions to the dental school applicant pool in each of the past 15 years. Dramatic changes have occurred during that period. Comparisons are made and similarities noted between the situations in the United States and Canada. A discussion of the probable causes of the differences highlights the changing government programs in the two countries, the perceptions of potential applicants, and the attitudes of members of the dental profession. Some suggestions for future action are proposed.

Canada↗

PubMed2006

Dental management of patients receiving oral bisphosphonate therapy: expert panel recommendations.

BACKGROUND: In light of the uncertainty surrounding the incidence of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BON) and concomitant risk factors, dentists have questioned how to manage the care of patients receiving oral bisphosphonate therapy. Expert panelists were selected by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs on the basis of their expertise in the relevant subject matter and on their respective dental or medical specialties, and the panel was tasked with developing guidance for dentists treating these patients. METHODS: There are no data from clinical trials evaluating dental management of the care of patients receiving oral bisphosphonate therapy and, therefore, these recommendations are based on a thorough review of the available literature relating to bisphosphonate use and osteonecrosis of the jaw. After reviewing the literature, the panel developed these recommendations based on their expert opinion. RESULTS: These panel recommendations focus on conservative surgical procedures, proper sterile technique, appropriate use of oral disinfectants and the principles of effective antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The recommendations are a resource for dentists to use in their practice, in addition to the dentist's own professional judgment, the information available in the dental and medical literature, and information from the patient's treating physician. The recommendations must be balanced with the practitioner's professional judgment and the individual patient's preferences and needs.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1992

Interactions as seen by an industry representative among the FDA, the ADA, and industry in preparing a restorative material for market.

The regulation of a restorative material in the international and the American markets is discussed. The 510(k) process of approval by the Food and Drug Administration allows marketing of safe, effective, and improved materials in the shortest time at the lowest cost. The American Dental Association contributes to developing consensus performance standards in the United States. Acceptance of International Standards Organization standards is discussed.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed2002

Statistical issues in assessing powered toothbrushes.

A symposium on powered toothbrushes was held at the 2000 IADR General Session. The author was asked to address statistical issues in conducting clinical studies. The objective was to cover important statistical topics that should be considered in scientific investigations, including designing the study, analyzing the results, and performing a critical scientific review. The American Dental Association (ADA) established guidelines during the 1990s. The author discusses these guidelines and addresses statistical issues they do not cover.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed2003

Robert T. Oliver, DDS: oral surgeon, army dental chief, president ADA.

The story of Robert T. Oliver's Spanish-American War service as an enlisted man, his role as an examining and supervising dental surgeon in the formation of the U.S. Army Dental Corps, and his rise to power as the chief of that service and president of the American Dental Association, is a fascinating tale. His successes, failures, and the achievement of his ultimate goals defines a man never a shrinking violet.

American Dental Association↗

PubMed1999

The dental team and latex hypersensitivity. ADA Council on Scientific Affairs.

BACKGROUND: In the late 1980s, there were notable increases in reports of allergic reactions to natural rubber latex, or NRL, particularly in association with barium enema procedures and medical procedures performed on children with spina bifida. These reports also raised awareness of the growing concern about NRL allergy in both patients and health care workers. DESCRIPTION OF THE DISORDER: This report by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs summarizes the signs and symptoms of NRL protein allergy, allergic contact dermatitis and irritant dermatitis; offers information on means to diagnose these conditions definitively; and suggests means of reducing occupational exposure to the causative allergens and irritants in the dental office. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Reducing health care workers' occupational exposure may assist in minimizing adverse reactions associated with frequent wearing of gloves. The Council on Scientific Affairs will address issues relating to latex hypersensitivity among patients in a future report.

American Dental Association↗