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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The challenges and strategies for laboratory diagnosis of measles in an international setting.

Serum-based measles-specific IgM EIAs are the recommended laboratory assays for diagnosis of acute measles infections and appear to be sufficient for measles control programs. However, serum samples are not ideal for molecular characterization of measles virus. Although neither laboratory nor field-based diagnostic tests that rival the EIAs have been developed, laboratory surveillance could be improved if specimen collection were simplified. Ideally the collection method should be noninvasive, have no requirement for a cold chain, and/or have no requirement for technically sophisticated equipment. Two alternative specimen collection technologies appear promising and can be used for both diagnostics and for collecting pertinent genotyping information: oral fluid and filter paper collection methods. These methods are compared along with their respective utilities in supporting measles diagnosis and strain surveillance.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed2003

Laboratory diagnosis of urinary symptoms in primary care--a qualitative study.

The use of the microbiology laboratory for the investigation of urinary symptoms and the test positivity rate for the urine specimens varies considerably. We used qualitative methods to explore how and why primary care staff make diagnostic and management decisions in patients presenting with urinary symptoms. Stratified random sampling was used to include general practitioner (GP) practices that were heavy and light users of the microbiology service. The data were analysed using a modified grounded theory approach utilising the constant comparative method. Frequent users of the laboratory, with low specimen positivity, did not use near patient tests (NPTs) and sent urines from most patients with urinary symptoms to confirm their clinical diagnosis. Frequent users with high positivity advise patients with negative NPTs and send all specimens with positive NPTs for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Infrequent users did not value the laboratory for diagnosis, made great use of NPTs, and tended to prescribe empirical antibiotic treatment even in patients with minimal symptoms. Guidance on the management of urinary symptoms, the use of near patient tests and laboratory culture should form part of the ongoing education of primary care staff.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

A study on laboratory diagnosis of liver abscess in Pondicherry.

A study was carried out to evaluate the role of laboratory investigations for diagnosis of liver abscess from the year 1976 to 1981. Bacteriological, parasitological, serological, haematological, histopathological studies and liver function tests were carried out in 240 confirmed cases of liver abscess during the study period. Out of 219 cases, pus culture for pyogenic bacteria was positive in 68 cases (including 27 cases of secondary bacterial infection of amoebic liver abscess) and sterile in 151 cases. Ent histolytica was demonstrated in pus of 24 cases. The diagnostic titre of 1:128 and above was detected in 137 sera by isohaemagglutination test. The liver function tests were of limited value. Albumin globulin ratio was altered in 91.25% cases and there was moderate increase in the levels of alkaline phosphatase. Histopathological studies demonstrated Ent histolitica in 2 cases only. Changes characteristic of pyogenic liver abscess were observed in 6 cases. Rest showed no specific changes.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laboratory diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

This paper explains how laboratory testing of blood can provide additional evidence to clinical examination and electrocardiogram either to support or exclude a diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Current practice is described and new developments outlined.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical laboratory diagnosis in swine practice].

Necessity and facilities of clinical laboratory diagnostics in veterinary swine practice are discussed. The selection of suitable tests with regard to diagnostic relevance and reliability is pointed out. Typical test features (sensitivity and specificity) as well as disease dependent parameters (prevalence, positive or negative predictive value) are presented and illustrated by means of urinary tract infections in sows. It is concluded that a specific selection of tests and probands closely related to diagnosis is more successful than the use of unspecific multi-analysing procedures (profile tests).

Animals↗