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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The importance of exterior environment for Alzheimer residents: effective care and risk management.

Evidence shows that environments especially designed for cognitively impaired seniors can maintain or increase their level of functioning. Little emphasis has so far been placed on the prosthetic role that may be played by exterior environments. This study attempted to determine the value that specially designed exterior spaces may have in reducing undesired behaviours, thereby minimizing risks to the patients and potential liability to the institution. The researchers tested that (a) poor environments increase residents' frustrations and can precipitate catastrophic behaviour and (b) freedom of movement and opportunities to avoid crowding, noise and excess stimulation minimize the frequency of aggressive behaviour. The researchers found that the use of exterior environments reduced incidents of aggressive behaviour, and contributed significantly to a risk management program.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Design considerations for integrated hospital information systems.

This article describes the main characteristics of the integrated hospital information system (HIS) environment, discusses design objectives, and analyzes four design issues--system architecture, conceptual data base design, application portfolio, and plans for development and implementation. The main objective is to provide managers and system designers with a guiding blueprint for HIS design based on state-of-the-practice technological capabilities and current experience with integrated HIS. Clearly, the capabilities of present information technology provide more feasible ways to implement integrated HIS in a distributed environment. This approach answers hospital information needs by shifting some of the processing and data to the end-user level, yet allows management to retain control of the central portion of the data base while facilitating data sharing among various organizational units.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2005

Oxygen-binding heme complexes of peptides designed to mimic the heme environment of myoglobin and hemoglobin.

Development of effective resuscitation agents for blood-loss replacement in trauma or surgery is extremely important despite substantial improvements in screening methods of blood from human donors. This paper reports the design and synthesis of peptides that mimic the natural environment of the heme group in myoglobin (Mb) and in the alpha- and beta-subunits of human adult hemoglobin (Hb). The designs were based on the fact that the heme group in the aforementioned proteins is sandwiched between helices E and F. Fifteen test peptides and six control peptides were synthesized, and their ability to form stable complexes with heme was investigated. It was found that none of the control peptides or proteins was able to bind heme. However, each of the peptides that were designed to mimic the E-F helices, and even shorter designs, which removed from this region residues that do not contribute to contacts with the heme group, were each able to bind one mole of heme per mole of peptide forming peptide heme complexes that were stable to manipulation and behaved as single molecular species. Oxygen binding measurements on the reduced peptide-heme complexes showed that these compounds bind oxygen and give visible spectra that were typical of oxygenated heme-proteins. In oxygen binding measurements done under different partial pressures of oxygen, the heme peptide complexes gave hyperbolic oxygen-saturation curves, but showed slight differences in their P50 values. The P50 values ranged from 3.8 mmHg for the heme peptide B7 complex to 13.7 mmHg for the heme peptide D13 complex (under the same conditions, P50 values for Hb and Mb were 34.0 and 5.5 mmHg, respectively). It is concluded that peptide constructs designed to mimic the heme-binding regions of Mb or the Hb subunits were able to form coordinate 1:1 complexes with heme, and these complexes bind oxygen in a manner expected for single subunit heme proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Controlled environment transmission electron microscopy.

The design of a controlled environment electron microscope is described and examples are presented to demonstrate the information that can be obtained by studying gas-solid interactions in real time and at high spatial resolution.

Environment, Controlled↗
PubMed1985

The Minitron system for growth of small plants under controlled environment conditions.

The design and operation of a system is described in which small plants can be grown under controlled environment conditions. Important features of this "Minitron" system include precise control of temperature and CO2 concentration in a flowing atmosphere. Plants can be grown either hydroponically or in solid root support medium. For either culture method, nutrient solution or water is added from an external reservoir, altering neither atmospheric composition nor temperature equilibrium within a closed Minitron chamber.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed2004

Genetic and environmental influences on mothering of adolescents: a comparison of two samples.

This study examined 2 samples of adolescents and mothers using a child-based design (Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development [NEAD] project, N = 395 families) and a parent-based design (Twin Moms [TM] project, N = 236 twin family pairs) to compare genetic and environmental influences on mothering. For both samples, the same measures of positivity, negativity, control, and monitoring were used. The use of matched child-based and parent-based samples enabled passive and nonpassive genotype-environment (GE) correlations to be approximated, providing information about process. Passive GE correlations were suggested for mother's positivity and monitoring. For mother's negativity and control, primarily nonpassive GE correlations were suggested. In several cases, both types of GE correlation were indicated. Finally, observer ratings of negativity and monitoring were influenced only by environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Design features of a biotechnology laboratory environment.

This article addresses those aspects of laboratory building design that pertain to life safety, industrial hygiene, and accident prevention. The manner by which health and safety professionals can participate in planning facilities is emphasized.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1999

Interior design for ambulatory care facilities: how to reduce stress and anxiety in patients and families.

The following article illustrates some important factors to consider when designing ambulatory care facilities (ACFs), and focuses on how wayfinding, noise control, privacy, security, color and lighting, general ambience, textures, and nature can have a profound influence on patient and family stress, consumer satisfaction, health and well-being. Other important design issues: convenience and accessibility, accommodation to various populations, consumer and family focus, patient education, image, as well as current equipment needs and future growth are examined in light of the prevailing trends in health care delivery. In sum, this feature explores the important stress-reducing and health-promoting elements involved in successful ACF design.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1997

LEMMA: a language for easy medical models analysis.

The quality of health care systems and processes is becoming a prominent problem and more and more efforts are devoted to define methodologies and tools to measure and assure quality of care. New methods are required to optimize health care processes to guarantee high quality standards within (limited) available resources. Resource optimizations able to preserve the quality of treatments require good models of medical processes. This paper presents LEMMA, a new notation to model medical processes. LEMMA provides physicians with intuitive graphical elements to design their models. At the same time a high level timed Petri net corresponding to the designed model is built automatically. In this way, LEMMA models are ascribed formal semantics and can be executed and analyzed automatically. The dual language approach followed in this paper allows physicians to gain all the benefits of formal methods without being proficient in them. Medical users manage simple graphical elements, while Petri nets ensure formality and validation capabilities. In this way LEMMA mixes formal and informal notations, overcoming the problems of both the approaches. The definition of the notation has been supported by the development of an environment to design LEMMA models. The environment, besides letting us experiment with the notation, has been employed to define and analyze real case studies.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2002

Computer environments for children: a review of design issues.

Ergonomic design considerations for computer use in schools are reviewed. Evidence for the postural effects of ergonomic furniture from worldwide studies is evaluated. Issues of furniture sizing and allocation methods are discussed. The limited evidence for effects of input device design on schoolchildren is summarized. Future directions for ergonomic research studies are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The minimally invasive surgical suite enters the 21st century. A discussion of critical design elements.

Most minimally invasive surgical procedures are now performed in operating rooms that were originally designed for traditional open surgery. Laparoscopic instrumentation such as insufflators, light sources, and camera control units must be placed on one or more equipment carts. After the cart has been moved into place, insufflation tubing, video cables, light cords, cautery lines, and foot controls must be positioned and connected. This cart-based paradigm restricts the ergonomic configuration of the operating room and creates potential mechanical, electrical, and biological hazards to the patient and operating room staff. In order to decrease clutter, ease personnel movement, improve ergonomics, maintain the sterile field, and facilitate the use of advanced imaging, communication, and display devices, an appropriately designed operating environment is essential. Herein we detail both the theoretical and practical aspects of the design and describe the implementation and utilization of such a suite in our hospital. These design elements may prove to be critical to the next generation of minimally invasive surgical suites and will facilitate future advanced laparoscopic procedures.

Accident Prevention↗