PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “HEMORRHAGE, GASTROINTESTINAL”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Emergency endoscopy in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage in aerospace medicine].

Air-surgeons of the sanitary aviation department of the Vologda Regional Hospital analysed 279 summons to patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage living in the districts of the region. They came to the conclusion that emergency gastroduodenoscopy allowed air-surgeons to identify the source of the bleeding in 97.64% of patients, determine the rational therapeutic tactics, and reach a well-grounded decision on evacuation of the patients to the regional hospital, as a result of which mortality reduced by more than half.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[The value of colloid scintigraphy and erythrocyte scintigraphy in detecting acute or intermittent gastrointestinal hemorrhages].

PURPOSE: In a retrospective analysis the diagnostic value of two scintigraphic methods was compared with each other. METHOD: 104 patients with acute or intermittent gastrointestinal haemorrhage were examined with 121 scintigraphic studies. We compared scintigraphic results with surgical findings, endoscopic results or final clinical diagnosis. We used two scintigraphic methods, colloid scintigraphy and in vivo/vitro red blood cell scintigraphy. RESULTS: Our scintigraphic findings reached a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 100%. We calculated a sensitivity of 68% for colloid scintigraphy and a sensitivity of 79% for red blood cell scintigraphy. The correct localisation of bleeding was successful in 52 (98%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that red blood cell scintigraphy is the method of choice in detecting intermittent gastrointestinal hemorrhage. We believe that with new preparation kits for in vivo labelling red blood cell scintigraphy will become seriously competitive for the colloid scintigraphic method.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Endorectal pull-through abates gastrointestinal hemorrhage from colorectal venous malformations.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Lower intestinal venous malformations are rare anomalies resulting from errors in vascular morphogenesis. These lesions may cause significant chronic and acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Venous malformations are unresponsive to angiogenesis inhibitors. Although these anomalies generally are incompletely resectable because of diffuse pelvic and mesenteric involvement, the authors sought to abate bleeding by excluding the lesion from the gastrointestinal lumen. METHODS: Three patients with circumferential transmural venous malformations of the colorectum, pelvis, and mesentery were identified. Imaging findings were similar among the patients and included circumferential septated bright signal on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement, and multiple phleboliths, seen best on computed tomography (CT). The lesion extended from the anus to the splenic flexure in 2 patients and throughout the entire colorectum in the other. Each had daily hematochezia for many years and required transfusions and chronic iron therapy. Although bleeding began in childhood in each patient, no therapy was successful until ages 7, 24, and 45. Colectomy, anorectal mucosectomy (through the pelvic venous malformation), and endorectal pull-through and anastomosis was performed (coloanal in 2 and ileoanal in 1). RESULTS: Bleeding essentially has been eradicated in all 3 patients with 10- to 57-month follow-up. One patient received a 3-unit transfusion intraoperatively, and the other 2 received none. The most recent patient to undergo surgery, who has residual venous malformation in the remaining 1 cm of anal mucosa, has some mild difficulty with fecal control if her diet results in loose stool. CONCLUSION: Colectomy with mucosectomy and endorectal pull-through should be considered for diffuse venous malformations of the colorectum before the development of large transfusion requirements.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A rare cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: large adenoma of Brunner's glands].

We report the rare case of a large adenoma of Brunner's glands as the cause of an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Endoscopic resection is the therapy of choice in the appropriate setting. An unequivocal histological diagnosis by forceps biopsy often is not possible; there are no clear cut endoscopic criteria. The development of complications especially of severe hemorrhage increases with diameter of the adenoma. Therefore, the complete excision either endoscopically or by surgery should be attempted.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMed1993

[Hemorrhage through Wirsung's duct: rare form of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A case report].

The case of a 41-year-old alcoholic patient who presented with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding is reported. The diagnosis was established rapidly by endoscopy which revealed bleeding through the papilla of Vater. Selective angiography of the superior mesenteric artery opacified the pancreatic duct as well as the duodenum. CT scan showed signs of chronic pancreatitis. Because of the recurrence of bleeding and shock, an urgent operation was necessary and a Whipple procedure was performed. Recovery was complete. The clinical presentation, the etiology, the diagnostic modalities and the treatment of this particular condition are discussed. Usually, hemorrhage through the pancreatic duct presents as repeated episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with no source found at endoscopy. The presence of chronic pancreatitis or of epigastric pain during bleeding should suggest the diagnosis. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and angiography are the principal diagnostic tools. Definitive treatment requires surgery, and resection in most of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to diffuse angiodysplasia: efficacy of estrogen-progesterone treatment].

BACKGROUND: Vascular abnormalities are being reported with increasing frequency as a cause of major lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the elderly. They are occasionally very difficult to treat by conventional means. CASE REPORT: A 66-year-old white man with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, severe peripheral arterial occlusion disease and chronic renal insufficiency presented for five years recurrent major bleeding due to gastrointestinal angiodysplasia, requiring repeated transfusions. He was treated with efficacy using ethinyl-estradiol (30 micrograms) and norethisterone acetate (1 mg) given orally once daily. After six months of treatment, transfusion requirements fell to 0 unit and the patient's hemoglobin was stable at 13 g/dl. Attempts to stop hormone therapy (by the patient himself, without complaint of side effects) led to a fall in hemoglobin. CONCLUSION: Hormonal therapy should be considered when multiple degenerative mucosal vascular bleeding lesions are beyond the reach of therapeutic endoscopy leading to high transfusion needs and when surgical risk is unacceptably high.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Bouveret's syndrome presenting as upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage without hematemesis.

A 74-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease diagnosed by endoscopy after presentation with an episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding returned 6 1/2 weeks later with a 5-day history of nausea and vomiting without associated symptoms. An ultrasound was nondiagnostic except for a large gallstone and a poorly visualized gallbladder. Repeat endoscopy revealed a hard mass that was presumed to have formed secondarily to an ulcer-induced stricture, and a 6-cm filling defect just proximal to the duodenal bulb was seen on a preoperative upper gastrointestinal series. At laparotomy the mass was actually a large gallstone and two smaller stones, which had eroded into and become impacted in the duodenal bulb creating a gastric outlet obstruction. The stones were extracted via a duodenotomy, and the remaining portion of the gallbladder was removed with repair of the cholecystoduodenal fistula. The patient was discharged home after an uncomplicated postoperative course. Gastric outlet obstruction by a duodenal gallstone is a condition known as Bouveret's syndrome, which is a rare complication of gallstone disease. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is an especially rare form of presentation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastroduodenal invagination and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to gastric lipoma].

A patient with a history of epigastric abdominal pain and occasional vomiting is presented. During the study of an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gastroduodenal invagination secondary to a gastric lipoma of 5.5 cm in diameter was diagnosed. Upper digestive endoscopy and gastroduodenal study were not diagnostic. Echography detected a duodenal mass suspect of invagination. CAT diagnosed the lipomatous nature of the tumor. Surgery confirmed gastroduodenal invagination with a gastric lipoma with ulceration in the mucosa which covered the same. Enucleation of the tumor was performed. Histologic study established the diagnosis of gastric lipoma. The post operative period was uneventful. A review of the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare disease is reported.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the internal medicine cases of a district hospital. Retrospective study from the years 1965-1974].

In the period between 1965-1974 564 patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhages were admitted in the medical clinic of the District Hospital St. Georg Leipzig. Of them 112 patients (20%) were at once or after failure of a conservative therapy admitted in the surgical clinic for operation. 82 patients died (18%) of the conservatively treated patients). The most frequent sources of haemorrhage duodenal ulcers with 32%, ventricular ulcers with 25% and carcinomas of the stomach with 19%. In 13% of the patients haemorrhages induced by drugs could be assumed. In 13% the case were recidivation haemorrhages. Severe gastrointestinal haemorrhages were observed only in 4% of the patients and consequently were less important in our patients. A further improvement of the diagnostic exactness is possible by perfection of the early diagnosis (emergency gastroscopy and angiography), which may be important with regard to a surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Practice patterns and costs of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

We conducted an observational study at three hospitals in Boston to examine the patterns of practice and the costs involved in the medical management of noncirrhotic, upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A total of 111 patients were identified and studied: 42 from hospital 1, 38 from hospital 2, and 31 from hospital 3. There were no significant differences in the management of the patients, except for the more frequent use of upper gastrointestinal radiography at hospital 3 and the more frequent use of cimetidine at hospital 2. Only a small percentage (3-7%) of patients required surgery, and overall mortality (0-8%) was low. The average cost of hospitalization, determined by using the New England Medical Center cost model, was calculated for direct costs ($3,180). The majority of costs incurred were for hospital bed or intensive care unit stay (63%) and transfusion of blood products (14%), with costs for physicians' services (9%), endoscopy (2%), and upper gastrointestinal radiography (1%) accounting for only a small percentage. This study demonstrates remarkable similarity in practice patterns and resource utilization at three different hospitals and provides data on the actual costs involved in hospitalization for noncirrhotic, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Acute Disease↗