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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after aphasia therapy: shifts in hemodynamic time to peak during an overt language task.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Comparing the temporal characteristics of hemodynamic responses in activated cortical regions of aphasic patients before and after therapy would provide insight into the relationship between improved task performance and changes in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) signal. This study investigated differences in the time to peak (TTP) of hemodynamic responses in activated regions of interest (ROIs), before and after therapy, and related them to changes in task performance. METHODS: Three aphasic patients and 3 controls overtly generated a single exemplar in response to a category. For the patients, TTP of hemodynamic responses in selected ROIs was compared before and after language therapy. The timing differences between auditory cues and verbal responses were compared with TTP differences between auditory and motor cortices. RESULTS: The selected ROIs were significantly activated in both aphasic patients and controls during overt word generation. In the aphasic patients, both the timing difference from auditory cues to verbal responses and the TTP difference between auditory and motor cortices decreased after rehabilitation, becoming similar to the values found in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that (1) rehabilitation increased the speed of word-finding processes; (2) TTP analysis was sensitive to this functional change and can be used to represent improvement in behavior; and (3) it is important to monitor the behavioral performance that might correlate with the temporal pattern of the hemodynamic response.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2003

Words and transitional phenomena in psychotherapy.

In analytic psychotherapy, language provides form for the patient's conscious and unconscious material. Therefore, language creates a space for patient expression and a medium for therapeutic work. The space of language in analytic therapy is comparable to Winnicott's transitional space. The transitional space of language is independent of the number of languages the patient uses in therapy but transitional space of language is made particularly manifest during the moments of language switch Paying close attention to language switch during therapy may reveal the transitional space of language, the special words with transitional object qualities and, finally, the symbolic functions of language.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Home treatment for aphasic patients by trained nonprofessionals.

Thirty-seven aphasic men received 8-10 hr of individual treatment each week for 12 weeks from a home therapist (wife, friend, relative) who was trained and directed by a speech pathologist. Treatment was followed by 12 weeks of no treatment. Patients were evaluated at entry and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks after entry with a battery of speech and language measures. The group made substantial progress on all measures during the 12 weeks of treatment and ceased to progress when treatment was discontinued. Progress for the home treatment patients did not differ significantly from that of patients who received 12 weeks of individual treatment from speech pathologists or from that of patients for whom treatment was deferred for 12 weeks. Patient selection, training of the home therapists, and other methodological aspects are described to assist speech pathologists in making decisions about the use of trained volunteers in aphasia treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Total communication in aphasia therapy].

Total Communication Therapy is based on the possibilities which aphasic patients have left to communicate. All aspects of language are trained. The environment stimulates the patient and uses all possible means of communication in order to achieve an optimal level of communication. An evaluation test is being prepared at the moment.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1989

Three procedures for increasing vocal response to therapist prompt in infants and children with Down syndrome.

The relative effectiveness of three procedures for increasing vocal response to prompt in 15 preschool children with Down syndrome was compared. The procedures were positive reinforcement only, positive reinforcement combined with light-dimming, and positive reinforcement combined with visual screening. All procedures produced a significant increase in percentage of response to prompt over baseline, however, light-dimming and screening, when combined with positive reinforcement, were both significantly more effective than positive reinforcement alone. Implications for increasing early vocal interaction in children with Down syndrome and other developmental delays were discussed.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Sentence processing deficits: a replication of therapy.

This paper describes the replication of a therapeutic programme originally used by one of the authors, Byng (Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1988, 5, 629-676) to remediate a specific sentence processing deficit. Our patient is shown to have similar although not identical deficits to those of one of the patients (JG) described in that programme. Sentence comprehension and production both improved as a result of therapy. The pattern of results observed gave further insights into both the nature of the patient's deficit and the mechanism of therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Causes and management of dysphasia.

Dysphasia comprises a wide-ranging complex of linguistic impairments. Comprehensive and individual description of the verbal and non-verbal aspects is required for the tailoring of an approach to therapy and management.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1989

Aphasic victim as investigator.

The author (a classics professor) suffered a cerebrovascular accident, resulting in aphasia. In order to learn whether speech therapy helps aphasic patients to recover, the patient worked on Greek vocabulary and grammar and ignored Latin. (Both languages were equally well-known before the accident; skills in both languages had been totally lost afterward.) This case demonstrates the value of retraining an aphasic. After three years, testing demonstrated a professorial level of the Greek language, but Latin was essentially still missing.

Aphasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Word-retrieval treatment in aphasia: Effects of sentence context.

Word-retrieval treatment studies in aphasia have reported the greatest influences on picture naming for trained words. To increase treatment effects to untrained words and sentence contexts, we investigated a sentence-reading treatment hierarchy that moves from errorless to generative production of sentences incorporating target nouns and verbs. In an individual with nonfluent aphasia, treatment resulted in improved picture naming for nouns and verbs and generalized increases in numbers of grammatical sentences and content words following noun therapy. A second individual with fluent aphasia improved little in picture-naming and sentence-generation tasks for both nouns and verbs. This sentence-based word-retrieval training, in which semantic and syntactic processes are engaged, led to improvements in word-retrieval measures during spontaneous sentence generation, but only for the participant with nonfluent aphasia. Contrary to expectations, these changes were greater following noun therapy than they were following verb therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

A case of verbal auditory agnosia: missing the word ... missing the sound....

The neuropsychological nature of verbal auditory agnosia is not fully understood. This study aims to describe the language deficits and the remediation strategies used in a person with verbal auditory agnosia. In addition, it will address the theoretical issues concerning the nature of the phenomenon and the clinical implications in the management of people with this disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Communicative intervention for children with psychiatric and communication disorders.

Many children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders exhibit severely compromised language and social communication systems. The nature and scope of their deficits make a multidisciplinary team approach essential to management in which improved functional and socially appropriate communication is a primary goal. For this reason SLPs generally play a key role in the intervention process and share responsibilities for the planning, coordination, and implementation of instructional-educational goals.

Adolescent↗