Dental considerations in the playing of musical instruments.
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An embouchure aid was constructed as a means of bringing relief to the many clarinet and saxophone players who suffer chronic lip irritation as the result of playing their instruments. The device, a removable vinyl plastic matrix to be worn while playing, was designed to fit over the mandibular anterior teeth, thus relieving the pressure of the incisal edges of the teeth against the mucous membrane inside the lower lip. Tested in daily use by clarinet and saxophone players for a one-year period, the matrix proved immediately effective in eliminating lip irritation. Its unique design and construction gives it the additional advantages of being highly durable, as well as technically simple to fabricate and easy to fit.
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Electrical burns of the mouth can result in severe scarring and constriction of the lip commissures. Plastic surgery is needed to correct this defect when a special burn obturator is not used. The obturator is worn for a year and can prevent or reduce the need for corrective surgery.
The possibility of periodontal disease, chipping of various teeth, or extrusion from use of a mouthstick is minimized with a mouthpiece that covers the complete dentition. Even the simplest of these devices permits increased function for the quadriplegic patient. A case is reported of a young man for whom the oral telescoping orthosis was fitted with a mouthpiece that covered the complete dentition. Damage to the hard or soft tissue structures has not been apparent in eight years of use. Furthermore, the functional capability of the patient has been enhanced. The oral telescoping orthosis is recommended for motivated quadriplegic patients who retain sufficient control of the head and oral and pharyngeal muscles.
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Three tests of large-muscle group strength were performed on 14 football players from the University of Louisville. Strength tests were performed with no mouthpiece, with a placebo mouthpiece, and with a MORA mouthpiece. A repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant differences between any of the tests, suggesting that the MORA has no effect on muscular strength.
Surveyed were 133 directors of training programs in anesthesiology. The directors reported an average incidence of 1:1,000 dental injuries during or after 1,135,212 tracheal intubations in 1 year. A well-documented dental evaluation before delivery of anesthetics and appropriate precautions and protective devices during intubation will prevent most dental trauma related to the delivery of general anesthetics. Also, early use of dental and risk management services often will ensure timely resolution of such problems.
Several studies have shown that mouthguards can reduce orofacial injuries among athletes. Comfort and wearability factors were compared among 40 high-school athletes for custom-made and self-adapted mouthguards. Both offered adequate protection, but overall the participants preferred the custom-made mouthguard.
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No comprehensive national study has ever been completed on the oral health status of people with disabilities, their patterns of use of oral health services and access-to-care barriers. The authors describe the Special Olympics, Special Smiles program, conducted as part of the New Jersey Summer Special Olympics Games, and assess a pilot-tested model for collecting epidemiologic data. The results of this initial data collection are also compared with the goals of the U.S. Public Health Service, as outlined in the Healthy People 2000 publication.
The authors conducted a survey of dentists reporting tooth avulsions from basketball net accidents. Although the number of people injured was small, the dental injuries were serious. In many cases, multiple teeth were avulsed as a result of the maxillary anterior teeth becoming entangled in the basketball net while the patients were attempting to slamdunk a basketball either on a lowered backboard or from a raised take-off area. The authors present recommendations for preventing tooth avulsions resulting from basketball net entanglement.